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Benjamin Blooms "Taxonomy" & Abraham Maslow's "Hierarchy of Needs", 2002.
Identifies both Benjamin Bloom's and Abraham Maslow's contributions to education and explains how these concepts could be applied in an elementary classroom setting.
1,900 words (approx. 7.6 pages), 17 sources, £ 39.95
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Abstract
This paper elaborates on the theories of Abraham Maslow and Benjamin Bloom and describes their application to the educational setting so as to produce the best result possible for the educational system. It is descriptive in character and provides complete theoretical information with analysis.
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Maslow's "Hierarchy of Needs" as Evident in 1950's Ads, 2001.
This paper examines the integration of psychologist Abraham Maslow's "Hierarchy of Needs" as evident in advertisements from the 1950's.
3,489 words (approx. 14.0 pages), 15 sources, APA, £ 54.95
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Abstract
The paper introduces Abraham Maslow, the psychologist who made sense of the astonishing array of human motives by arranging them in a pyramid known as the "Hierarchy of Needs." The paper explores how the "Hierarchy of Needs" was integrated into the advertizing world of the 1950s. It also examines ten advertisements and discusses how Maslow's hierarchy is a part of each one.
From the Paper
"Advertisers started to attach emotional values, such as friendship and status, to products around the nineteen-fifties, using what they learned in psychology class. This emotional attachment is affixed to the product by building semi-conscious and subconscious impressions, or an atmosphere, around the product to create the impression that acquisition and consumption equate to good health, success, exultation, enchantment, moral righteousness, ethical certainty, trust, faith, superiority, coolness, freedom, liberty, self-esteem, confidence, democracy, and numerous other similar emotions and ideas. Three preeminent advertising techniques which apply Abraham Maslow's hierarchy of needs to their advantage are the bandwagon, emotional, and fear techniques. The emotional attachment technique portrays images and ideas that appeal to certain emotions of the consumer. These ads imply that only by means of purchasing the product will he or she be able to satiate these emotions. The bandwagon technique in advertising, which suggests it is second nature to purchase that particular product, was predominant in the fifties. This class of ads suggests that without that product, life would be dysfunctional and unpleasant, and not all of the consumer's needs would be met. The fear technique utilizes Maslow's hierarchy , to "...suggest to the consumer that not purchasing a certain product would be disastrous to them...(Lane and Russell 13)", in that not all of their needs according to the hierarchy would be met. However, to what extent is Maslow's hierarchy of needs integrated into advertisements from the decade in which the hierarchy was actually unveiled?"
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Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs, 2005.
A discussion of psychologist Abraham Maslow and his hierarchy of needs model.
690 words (approx. 2.8 pages), 2 sources, APA, £ 12.95
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Abstract
This paper addresses Abraham Maslow's hierarchy of needs as a model for determining what motivates people. The paper discusses Maslow's concept of peak moments and self-actualization. The paper then relates these concepts to employee motivation and function in the corporate workplace.
From the Paper
"Abraham Maslow was mentored by Alfred Adler-an early follower of Freud-as well as Ruth Benedict and Gestalt psychologist Max Wertheimer among other great psychological thinkers. He enjoyed their company so much..."
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Abraham Maslow, 2006.
An assessment of the influence of Abraham Maslow's Hierarchy of Need.
950 words (approx. 3.8 pages), 5 sources, MLA, £ 18.95
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Abstract
This paper assesses Abraham Maslow's theory of human needs and its application to a wide variety of fields. The paper provides a detailed review of Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs theory, explaining that it addresses the fulfilment of the five basic human psychological needs. The paper briefly defines and provides examples of these needs, which are physiological, security, social, esteem and self-actualization. Next, the paper discusses the application of Maslow's theory to three fields: (1) education, to motivate students and to explain student behavior; (2) business, to shape policies regarding motivation, compensation, job satisfaction and job development and (3) marketing, to explain consumer behavior and to develop relevant sales strategies.
From the Paper
"Abraham Maslow was the leading psychologist in the development of humanistic psychology, which he labeled the "Third Force" and conceived as a reaction against the first force of psychoanalytic psychology and the second force of behaviorism. Maslow did not reject either Freud or behaviorism, but he did find that both models of psychology were incomplete and inadequate, and he spoke of himself as "epi-Freudian" and "epi-behavioristic," showing that he intended to build upon and add to the foundations of the previous psychologies. Beginning in the 1930s, Maslow began to focus on certain psychological problems that could not be answered within the scope of a "behavioristic," "value-free," and "mechanomorphic" psychology (Moss, 1994, p. 24)."
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Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs, 2006.
This paper discusses Maslow's hierarchy of needs theory and applies it to create the "student's hierarchy of needs".
1,900 words (approx. 7.6 pages), 2 sources, MLA, £ 33.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that the hierarchy of needs theory, created by Abraham Maslow in 1943, states that human beings are constantly in pursuit of needs of which there are five fundamental types. These five types are arranged in a pyramid with the base being physiological need, continuing to safety, love, esteem and finally to the top that is self-actualization. The author stresses that there is no definitive threshold where one need leaves off and the next level activates; instead, needs are filled partially or proportionally resulting in each level of the hierarchy being fulfilled to some extent. The paper relates that each student is an individual human being with his or her own particular set of needs, which varies drastically from student to student and is influenced by a variety of socio-economic factors.
From the Paper
"The esteem needs of the students pertains to their self-image and the respect garnered from peers. There is an important distinction here from the need to belong. The need to belong represents the need to be part of the group, while the esteem needs represent the need to have prestige or status within the group. While everybody feels the need to belong, they also want to feel that they are an important part of the group, that they are needed and respected for their personal capabilities. As a teacher, I am presented with an opportunity to fulfill this need."
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Maslow's Theory of Hierarchy of Needs, 2003.
An analysis of the effect of the Maslow Theory and Parcel Delivery Corporation.
1,335 words (approx. 5.3 pages), 1 source, APA, £ 24.95
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Abstract
This paper defines Abraham Maslow's hierarchy of needs theory. It also analyzes the fictitious organization, Parcel Delivery Corporation (PDC). It applies Maslow's theory to the Parcel Delivery Corporation and identifies the motivation processes involved.
From the Paper
"In the late 1960s Abraham Maslow developed a hierarchical theory of human needs. Maslow was a humanistic psychologist who believed that people are not controlled by mechanical forces (the stimuli and reinforcement forces of behaviorism) or unconscious instinctual impulses alone. He focused on human potential, believing that human beings strive to reach the highest levels of their capabilities. Maslow set up a hierarchical theory of needs in which all the basic needs are at the bottom, and the needs concerned with man’s highest potential are at the top. The hierarchic theory is often represented as a pyramid, with the larger, lower levels representing the lower needs, and the upper point representing the need for self-actualization."
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The Life and Times of Abraham Maslow, 2002.
A biography of the American psychologist and philosopher, Abraham Maslow.
1,618 words (approx. 6.5 pages), 4 sources, MLA, £ 28.95
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Abstract
This paper introduces Abraham Maslow, the American psychologist and philosopher who is best known today for his self-actualization theory of psychology, which argued that the primary goal of psychotherapy should be the integration of the self. It provides an overview of Abraham Maslow's life and his major works, followed by a discussion of the times in which he lived and practiced. A summary of the research is provided in the conclusion.
From the Paper
"Maslow's thinking was refreshingly original for his time; by contrast, most other psychologists before him had been concerned with the abnormal and the ill. Maslow, on the other hand, sought to know what constituted positive mental health. In his book, Toward a Psychology of Being (1968), Maslow says that he believes that humans are not in fact evil, but rather evil behaviors are the result of "neutral" or even "positively good" natures reacting out of frustration. It was from this context that humanistic psychology gave rise to several different therapies, all guided by the idea that people possess the inner resources for growth and healing and that the point of therapy is to help remove obstacles to individuals' achieving this. The most famous of these was client-centered therapy developed by Carl Rogers, who believed even more firmly in the inherent goodness of people than Maslow."
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Abraham Maslow, 2002.
Examines the contributions of Abraham Maslow to Humanistic Psychology, focusing on his holistic-dynamic personality theory.
1,989 words (approx. 8.0 pages), 10 sources, APA, £ 35.95
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Abstract
Abraham Maslow is often cited as the father of humanist psychology. Through the psychological movement that he and others began has developed what many call the 'third force' in psychology. The theories surrounding humanistic psychology reject a great deal of those found within the first two forces, psychoanalysis and behaviorism. This paper addresses Maslow's life as a source of inspiration for his theory. It also defines humanistic psychology. Maslow's holistic-dynamic personality theory is focused on.
From the Paper
"Experiencing the all to common personal changes that accompany the personal growth associated with the raising of one's own children, Maslow began to see that there was so much more to the human spirit and psyche than had previously been given notice within the school of psychology. Maslow in a 1968 interview, speaking of the universal experience of parenting even went so far as to state that, "I was stunned by the mystery and by the sense of not really being in control. I felt small and weak and feeble before all this. I'd say anyone who had a baby couldn't be a behaviorist.""
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Abraham Maslow, 2004.
A look at the theories and life of psychologist Abraham Maslow.
3,046 words (approx. 12.2 pages), 10 sources, MLA, £ 49.95
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Abstract
This paper examines how Abraham H. Maslow is regarded as the father of the third school of thought in psychology, humanistic psychology, and how his work has traversed across many fields from psychology to management. It explores how, upon receiving his Ph.D. from the University of Wisconsin, Maslow's career was very successful and how, until his death in 1970, Maslow published a number of highly recognized articles, manuscripts, and books.
From the Paper
"Maslow was drawn to the University of Wisconsin because of its liberal reputation (Hoffman, 1988). As an undergraduate, Maslow was greatly influenced by behaviorist John B. Watson and the anthropological work of William G. Sumner. He received his Bachelor of Arts in 1930. His mentors at the University of Wisconsin were Clark Hull, William Sheldon and Harry Harlow, who joined the psychology department in 1930. Before Harlow came to the University of Wisconsin, the psychology department composed mainly of behaviorists, used white rats to study behavior. Harlow studied primates, which interested Maslow because monkeys had much more similarities to humans. Maslow became Harry Harlow's first doctoral student. His graduate training at the University of Wisconsin was in experimental psychology."
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Abraham Maslow and Third Force Psychology, 2006.
This paper examines the studies of psychologist Abraham Maslow and third force psychology also known as the humanistic approach to psychology which believes that all people are inherently good.
3,029 words (approx. 12.1 pages), 28 sources, APA, £ 49.95
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Abstract
This in-depth paper explores Maslow's career as a trained experimental and quantitative psychologist who rebelled against the current model of abnormal psychology and began to investigate normal individuals for aspects of mental health. This paper also discusses Maslow's critical view of Sigmund Freud's theories. During his career Maslow studied great figures in history including: Abraham Lincoln, Albert Schweitzer and Mahatma Gandhi while he concentrated on the healthy aspects of the human psyche.
His theory of hierarchical needs and the concept of self-actualization arose out of this historical investigation.
Topics covered in this report include:
A Short History of Psychology
Maslow's Rebellion Against Freud, Watson and Skinner
Maslow's Emphasis on the Healthy Personality
The Hierarchy of Needs
Peak Experiences Defined
Maslow's Research on Self Actualizing Personalities
Maslow and Management - a Renaissance of Third Force Psychology
How Can Self-Actualization Assist Societal Growth in the Future?
Conclusion
Footnotes
References
From the Paper
"Abraham Maslow was one of the great personality theorists to emerge from the school of Neo-Freudism. This was a period when therapists were attempting to go beyond Freudian concepts and redefine clinical psychology through other techniques. Some of the reasons they felt compelled to try new ways of communicating with their patients were multi fold. First, psychoanalysis was a very long and expensive process for the patient and it also required that the therapist become a Doctor of Medicine before studying psychoanalysis."
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Abraham Maslow's Self-Actualization, 2004.
A critique of a psychology experiment concerning the theories of Abraham Maslow.
900 words (approx. 3.6 pages), 1 source, APA, £ 17.95
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Abstract
This paper presents a summary and critique of a psychology experiment by John R. Sumerlin on Maslow's theory of self-actualization concerning the relationship between hope and self-actualization.
From the Paper
"The following essay includes a summary and critique of John R. Sumerlin's experiment on Maslow's theory of self-actualization. By conducting research on a population of graduate students, Sumerlin maintains that self-actualization involves striving, courage, risk-taking, openness to experience and attainment of personality growth capacity. Maslow's theory of needs is illustrated including his views that self-actualized individuals represent the most healthy and enriched human beings. Results of the study may demonstrate gender bias. Women scored higher on self-actualization but do confirm the
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Carl Jung, Abraham Maslow and Albert Ellis, 1991.
This paper compares psychological theorists on human nature, reality and the role of therapy and therapist: Carl Jung, Abraham Maslow and Albert Ellis
1,350 words (approx. 5.4 pages), 4 sources, £ 26.95
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From the Paper
"Abraham H. Maslow, Albert Ellis, and Carl Gustav Jung provide theories of human nature which present the client as capable of self-discovery and actualization, The three theorists regard the human being as capable of personal happiness without intensive therapeutic counseling. The counselor is beneficial as a source of insight, but cannot "cure" the client from without. Maslow, Ellis, and Jung each had individual methodologies by which the client could achieve personal fulfillment, yet they are alike in their belief that a person need not be subject to unconscious, irrational forces against one's will.
Jung believed that alchemy, astrology, Buddhism, certain primitive rituals and religions, mythology, and even psychotic hallucinations can shed light on personality. Such experiences, although not necessarily rational, are beneficial to an ... "
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Abraham Maslow: An Understanding of Human Nature and Motivation, 2002.
This paper examines psychologist Abraham Manslow's humanistic theory of motivation.
2,686 words (approx. 10.7 pages), 9 sources, APA, £ 44.95
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Abstract
This paper details the psychological theory of Abraham Maslow. The paper discusses his hierarchy of needs, listing each need and providing examples, as well as showing how the hierarchy is built. There is an expanded section detailing what is meant by self-actualization as well as what Maslow called "peak experiences". A full listing of the B - values are given, as well as numerous other traits and characteristics of self-actualized people. Also explained are Maslow's other hypothesized needs, such as the cognitive, aesthetic, and neurotic needs, and how these all interact with his hierarchy of needs. The paper introduces Maslow as a visionary and pioneer of humanistic psychology who came from a world dominated by psychoanalysis and behaviorism and emerged to provide the world with a more positive, instructional, and human view of mankind and his place in nature.
From the Paper
"These theories shared in common an approach to understanding human nature and behavior that were based directly outside the subjective needs, beliefs, and values of the individual. In grossly simplified terms, the individual was viewed either as a locus in the environment where current stimuli reacted with past reinforced behavior patterns to produce a response or as an almost helpless entity, where deep in the primitive recesses of the human brain a battle was fought for psychological control. Where forces of the good "superego" were beating back the evil armies of the "id" (sex and aggression) and whichever side was winning the battle at any given time would manifest itself in the person's overt behavior. Abraham Maslow was a visionary who pioneered the field of "humanistic" psychology. Aptly named because its primary goal was to center the field of psychology around the individual person - to treat them as wanting, feeling, needing, spiritual, and unique beings and to guise psychological theory in terms that took this into account."
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Abraham Maslow and Bill Clinton, 1994.
A description and application of Maslow's development and self-actualization theories to the life, personality and career of president.
2,250 words (approx. 9.0 pages), 7 sources, £ 44.95
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From the Paper
"Abstract
This research discusses Maslow's core tendencies of personality as they might be related to the achievement, behavior, attitude, and functioning of President Bill Clinton. When compared with Maslow's core characteristics of personality, President Clinton's behavior demonstrates that he basically fits the model of the self-actualized personality. Clinton, however, varies from the classic Maslow model in that his spirituality is very strict in its religious nature and in that he is not always able to distinguish the difference between means and ends.
Although Clinton had an alcoholic, abusive stepfather, his survival needs were met by a loving network of grandparents, family members, and friends. Therefore, he was able to concentrate, at an early age, on vigorous self-actualization..."
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