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Native American Gambling Revenues, 2004.
An analysis of the political disagreement regarding the revenue generated from casinos on Native American reservations.
1,415 words (approx. 5.7 pages), 5 sources, MLA, £ 26.95
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Abstract
This paper examines the political storm surrounding the state's wish that the revenues that are generated from the casinos run by Native Americans be shared with the state. It discusses the political background of laws and legislation in negotiation regarding this issue.
From the Paper
"In March, Ron Johnson, vice president of the Prairie Island Tribal Council, remarked, ?We were given a compact from the state in good faith ... I think it was assumed we wouldn't succeed in gaming. Now you have the bad economy and successful Indian casinos, and they want part of what we have? (Lopez Pp). House Speaker Steve Sviggum, responded, saying that times have changed, and the state budget has pressing needs, and that basically it wasn?t fair that other states were receiving gaming resources, while Minnesota received nothing (Lopez Pp). Henry Buffalo, the tribe?s counsel, replied that the tribes are not responsible for the economic problems, nor are they the solution, that they have continuing employment, ?with 14,000 jobs statewide and 30,000 jobs indirectly by gaming? (Lopez Pp). Johnson pointed out that they were the largest employers in Goodhue County, with one in fifteen jobs attributed to the casino and warned that expansion could create layoffs, thus creating an even higher unemployment rate (Lopez Pp). Sviggum also chastised the gaming tribes for not sharing revenue with other tribes (Lopez Pp). Buffalo explained that it was up to the tribes on how they use their revenues to move forward and take care of their own communities (Lopez Pp). And to ban video gaming would ?eliminate thousands of jobs and force us back onto welfare rolls? said Johnson (Lopez Pp)."
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Native American Spirituality and Traditions, 2004.
Discusses the traditions and spirituality of the Eastland Woodlands Native Americans.
1,070 words (approx. 4.3 pages), 5 sources, APA, £ 20.95
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Abstract
The Woodlands people lived in three main areas, the upper Great Lakes and Ohio River valley, the Lower Great Lakes, and the coastal region. This paper examines some of the traditions of these Native American groups, as well as their spiritual beliefs. It looks at their connection to the land, their reverence for all living things, and naming traditions. The paper also touches on the artifacts that accompanied their spiritual rituals.
From the Paper
"But for Native Americans, names referred more to spiritual qualities. Lakota men might receive their adult name because of a dream or from something they saw in a ?vision quest,? a purposeful spiritual retreat. Or they could be named for a wondrous deed or a horrid misdeed. No matter how the adult name arose, however, it meant more than Tom, Dick or Harry. The name was meant to draw a connection between the physical person receiving the name and the spiritual things inside and outside of that person."
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Louise Erdrich's Poem, "Dear John Wayne", 2004.
A look at the symbolic and thematic elements of Erdrich's poem about assimilation and immigration into a culture defined by racism.
1,335 words (approx. 5.3 pages), 1 source, MLA, £ 24.95
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Abstract
This paper describes Erdrich's use of diction, image, tone, metaphor, irony, theme, and symbol in her poem, "Dear John Wayne", which describes the white culture's extortion of land and culture from a Native American perspective.
From the Paper
"The poem begins with a description of group of young Native American men lying on the hood of a Pontiac car, watching the face of John Wayne as he defeats a group of Indians in a spaghetti western. Here, John Wayne, the American cowboy, himself symbolizes the white invasion of the west, and the white man's taking of Native culture and land. Wayne himself is the ultimate fighter against the Indians, the individualistic and rugged cowboy that symbolizes the white desire for land and power. The poem describes "hordes of mosquitoes", which represent the white invasion, and their relentless attacks and numbers that make them largely unstoppable."
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Captivity of Settlers, 2004.
A discussion of the captivity of three white settlers by Native Americans.
1,021 words (approx. 4.1 pages), 5 sources, MLA, £ 20.95
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Abstract
This paper looks at the captivity periods of Mary Rowlandson, Hannah Dustin, and Mary Jamison and how they each coped with captivity in their own way. It explains how the stories of their captivity revealed the much of the customs among Native Americans, especially through the greatly different treatment afforded to the three women.
From the Paper
"Mary White Rowlandson, wife of Puritan minister Joseph Rowlandson, was captured by native Americans in February of 1676. During this time, King Philip, the leader of the Wampanoag tribe of southern Massachusetts organized a rebellion against the incursion of white settlers on native land. In total 23 settlers were captured, and 13 people were killed, including Mary's brother-in-law, sister, nieces and nephews. Mary's six-year old daughter died on the trip, and Mary and her other children were sold as a slaves to different masters. Mary made herself useful by sewing and mending clothes for her captors, and was eventually ransomed in May of 1676 for to English settlers for 20 pounds, and reunited with her husband (Lancaster Online; About.com)."
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Native Americans, 2004.
This paper discusses the past history and present condition of Native American tribes.
1,140 words (approx. 4.6 pages), 6 sources, MLA, £ 22.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that Native American tribes lost sovereignty over their lands, which were considered sacred to them, because the colonists and, later, the U.S. wanted the valuable resources on the land and needed the space for their own populous growth. The author explains that the constant uphill battle to gain independence has led to many Native Americans feeling abandoned by the government as they try to improve their reservations and preserve their history and ancestors? way of life. The paper relates that there are very few present day ?heroes? for a young Native American growing up in a poverty-stricken area of a struggling reservation.
From the Paper
"Native American communities not only struggle with high levels of unemployment and poverty, but are also affected by alcoholism, depression, obesity, and other health and mental health related issues that far exceed any other minority in the United States. This is startling to imagine that a whole community of people is affected by such difficulties, solely because they are unable to gain their own independence. Some may argue that there are other factors that contribute to these facts, but it is a vicious circle, enabled by a system of government that is more interested in their own economic gains and livelihood."
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"Custer Died for Your Sins", 2004.
An analysis of Vine Deloria, Jr.'s "Custer Died for Your Sins: An Indian Manifesto".
1,015 words (approx. 4.1 pages), 1 source, MLA, £ 19.95
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Abstract
One of the more profound developments of the current Native American movement has been an effort on the part of Indians themselves to record their own history in order to help them gain control of their future. When Deloria promulgated his "Indian Manifesto" in 1969 with the title of "Custer Died for Your Sins", it became apparent that he was at the forefront of this movement, and the issues he identifies continue to be at the forefront of Native American concerns today. This paper provides an overview of Deloria?s book, followed by a discussion of six of the main points made by the author. A summary of the research is provided in the conclusion.
From the Paper
"According to Deloria, popular myths about American Indians have created a mainstream mentality in American that is based on ethnocentric perceptions that help soothe the national conscious because, after all, the Indians got the short end of the resources and geographic stick. Deloria makes the point that Native American men have been considered virtually subhuman since Europeans first set foot on the continent, but the Indian women were viewed as possessing a sufficient amount of stockiness and attributes to make them worthy of having their bloodlines added to the Euro-American family history through intermarriage."
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The Case of Leonard Peltier, 2004.
This paper discusses the case of Leonard Peltier, who has languished in prison for three decades for murder. It tries to determine if Peltier is a cold-blooded murderer or a down-trodden political prisoner.
2,435 words (approx. 9.7 pages), 8 sources, APA, £ 41.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that Leonard Peltier is a man who is currently serving two life sentences. Peltier was convicted of the murder of two FBI agents, but has repeatedly asked for parole and been rejected. The author points out that Peltier, who is Native American, insists that his heritage, his anger, and his protest against the white American government are what have caused him to receive two life sentences. The paper concludes that had Peltier only been convicted of this Wounded Knee standoff crime, it could be conceivable that he would have a valid point when it comes to his continued detainment; but he has been convicted of other violent crimes before the murders at Wounded Knee. Therefore, he is not a political prisoner, but rather a common criminal.
Table of Contents
Introduction
Background of the Issue
Argument
Conclusion
From the Paper
"The ballistics evidence presented by the government was that Peltier was the only one who was using the type of gun that fired the type of bullets located in the car of the FBI agent. Whether or not he was using that gun has come under fire many times in the past three decades. Peltier and his attorneys continue to argue that he was there, he was involved but he did not pull the trigger of the gun that murdered the two agents. While he accepts some culpability for being involved in the standoff he objects to being convicted of murder, and even more so to spending two life sentences behind bars for a murder he believes he did not commit. As the appeals process was used his attorneys pointed to other cases in which the convict was at the scene but did not pull the trigger. They insist that in those cases the convicts did not have to wait so long for a parole hearing. According to his legal team and those who support his cause, Peltier is not being held this long because he killed someone, he is being held this long to be used as an example to what will happen to others who dare to buck the system of the United States government."
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"Missionary Conquest", 2004.
A critical analysis of George Tinker?s book, "Missionary Conquest: The Gospel and Native American Cultural Genocide".
1,587 words (approx. 6.3 pages), 1 source, MLA, £ 28.95
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Abstract
This paper examines the disastrous affects of missionary work on the demography and population of Native Americans by analyzing Tinker's book. It explains how the book illustrates the dark side of missionary work and the damage that can and has been done to Native American cultures and peoples as a result of the inherent coupling of colonialism/ethnocentrism and religion.
From the Paper
"From the beginning of the book, Tinker makes it clear that his main point in writing Missionary Conquest is ?that the Christian missionaries?of all denominations working among the American Indian nations?were partners in Genocide? (Tinker, 1993: 4). Of course, this assertion is no small thing. The term ?genocide? is hardly a trifling term?especially when coupled with an institution as supposedly benevolent (to those who support its existence) as Christian mission work. Indeed, Tinker mentions several times throughout the book the supposed ?good intentions? of the very genocidal missionaries he discusses?missionaries that, despite the very real damage they helped perpetrate against an entire people, are on the verge of ?canonization:?"
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The Indian Removal Act of 1830, 2004.
An overview of the status of Native Americas prior to the Indian Removal Act of 1830.
770 words (approx. 3.1 pages), 3 sources, APA, £ 15.95
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Abstract
Particularly in the years immediately prior to the War of Independence, the Native people of the Americas had more political power and leverage with European settlers and the colonists than they were ever to have in subsequent years. The paper shows, however, that after America formally became a nation with a European-style government, the Indian nations and intertribal struggles were in conflict with the new government. The paper briefly examines the events, reasons, and causes leading to the removal of the Indians from the East and the Indian Removal Act.
From the Paper
"The history of racism is rife with euphemisms. ?Removal? became a polite legal euphemism for what is now called ?The Trail of Tears? of the Cherokee People and the other five native tribes whom were legally and systematically denied their rights to the land their people had occupied for as long as memory, by an act of the United States Congress. The Twenty-First Congress of the United States of America passed the Indian Removal Act of 1830 on May 26, 1830. It should be noted that the act?s passage did not come easily, and only transpired after four months of strong debate."
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Race, Culture, and Politics in the United States, 2004.
An examination of the issue of cultural diversity in the United States.
1,337 words (approx. 5.3 pages), 4 sources, MLA, £ 24.95
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Abstract
This paper examines how, in the United States, there is currently a paradigm of tolerance as never before and how the many different cultures that make up the United States have never been more deeply studied in order to understand them. It looks at how colonization has been finished, how the American dream has been fulfilled, and how all that remains is attempting to understand the casualties that occurred as a result of the rush towards this dream fulfillment.
Outline
African-Americans in the United States
Asian-Americans
Native Americans
Conclusion
From the Paper
"The key difference between Asian- and African-Americans, in terms of their arrival in the United States, is the fact that the Asians immigrated willingly in search of the American Dream, while Africans were imported against their will as slaves. The Asians, mainly composed of Chinese, were initially welcomed. However, as soon as the economy in terms of the California gold rush became an issue, discrimination once again favored the Caucasian over all others. During the late 1800?s this then resulted in the Asian exclusion from citizenship."
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Michigan's Gaming Industry, 2004.
Examines the influence that American Indian tribes have on the gaming industry.
7,522 words (approx. 30.1 pages), 12 sources, MLA, £ 93.95
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Abstract
This paper looks at the history of the involvement of Indian tribes in Michigan's gaming industry, government involvement in the industry, and relevant laws enacted. The paper also considers the impact the Indian tribes and their connection to the gaming industry has had on the political scene and the attempts of both political parties to woo the Indian vote by supporting the efforts of various tribes in maintaining and increasing their control of the gaming industry.
From the Paper
"For long, the gaming industry in Michigan has been influenced by the Indian tribes and their constant demands. Over time, regulatory bodies have promulgated various laws detailing gaming procedures and conduct. With the passage of time, the legislature has been from time to time modified so as to accommodate the various demands of Indian tribes. Of late, efforts have been made to usher in public casinos. This has had its serious share of repercussions. In the bargain, public legislative and regulatory bodies have had to perform a balancing act satisfying both advocates of Indian gaming and public gaming outfits. While this has caused a storm in the tea cup, it has also been responsible for steady erosion of the Indian support towards the public legislature. On the whole the economy has due to this move, had its share of fortunes and losses."
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Shinnecock Indians? Casino Rights, 2004.
This paper discusses the problems that the Shinnecock Indians have in exercising their casino rights.
1,010 words (approx. 4.0 pages), 4 sources, MLA, £ 19.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that the Shinnecock Indians, stricken by poverty and cultural predation that stripped them of their ancestral lands and any economic hope for the future, have no hope for the future unless they establish a casino. The author points out that the Shinnecocks are controlled, and to some degree marginalized, by the local law and state government because they are not recognized fully as a tribe by the federal government and, therefore, do not have the same rights and privileges of self-determination that many federally recognized tribes enjoy. The paper relates that the opponents to this casino are the wealthy Hampton residents who seem to worry about property values and community morals, but are not concerned about denying self-reliance and determination to the tribal people.
From the Paper
"The Shinnecock have a proud and noble heritage, which predates their current impoverished state. However, historically the tribe has been taken advantage of by white Europeans and the new American government and settlers. They have consistently lost control of their native lands, in a series of unequal land swaps and hostile takeovers initiated by the white men and their government, which have also caused them to lose control of their economy. As one tribes spokesman says of the land swaps: ?They built on our ancestors bones and we never really did anything to stop it.? "
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The Sioux Indians, 2004.
Outlines the origins and history of the Sioux Indians.
1,350 words (approx. 5.4 pages), 4 sources, MLA, £ 25.95
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Abstract
This paper gives a brief account of the origins, culture, society, and history of the Sioux Indians. The paper follows their history up to present-day conditions and talks briefly about Sioux society and culture today.
From the Paper
"Of all the North American Indians that lived and survived on the prairies and plains, the Sioux are the most popular and widely known. Their area of habitation ranged from the Mississippi valley in the east to the Rocky Mountains of the west and from the Saskatchewan River in Canada to the Rio Grande in the south. The cultural traits which came to characterize the High Plains Indians were dependent on bison, a limited use of roots and berries, limited fishing, and the skillful use of bison and deerskin for clothing and shelter. However, this culture was also dependent upon the introduction of the horse and to a lesser extent on changes in tribal locations farther east, and ?together with the introduction of firearms, the fur trade and the trading of goods, the Plains Indians experienced continuous change from the 17th century and well into the later years of the 19th century in America? (Lund, 67)."
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Minnesota?s White Earth Reservation, 2004.
An exploration of the ethnicity and dispossession at Minnesota?s White Earth Reservation.
1,102 words (approx. 4.4 pages), 1 source, MLA, £ 21.95
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Abstract
This paper examines how the history of the Native American is fraught with attempts to assimilate and with acts of dispossession and how the indigenous culture is multi-faceted. It looks at how Melissa Meyer, in her book, "The White Earth Tragedy", argues that Minnesota's White Earth Reservation of the Anishinaabe, or Chippewa, could have been an experimental showcase for assimilation, how the Dawes Act went awry, and how the Anishinaabe were dispossessed of their land and its resources.
From the Paper
"The Anishinaabe people were originally composed of a number of bands whose migratory habits brought them into contact with one another only on occasion. The introduction of settlers or Euroamericans (mainly French) into the area brought yet another element into their society. By the end of the nineteenth century there existed two major factions among the Chippewa of Minnesota: those of mixed blood and full blood conservatives. The Metis or mixed blood members of the tribe were interested in following the course set down by the government. They advocated assimilation and the inclusion of Western marketing. The conservatives, on the other hand, thought to preserve the integrity of the ?old ways? by following the cultural agenda of tradition."
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