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Outsourcing and IBM, 2004.
An analysis of IBM and the outsourcing of jobs in the information technology industry.
2,056 words (approx. 8.2 pages), 13 sources, APA, £ 44.95
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Abstract
This paper examines how the outsourcing of jobs is one of the most hotly contested in issues in modern-day America and how skilled positions that were once thought secure are now regularly finding their way overseas to places like India and China. Big corporations claim that there are not enough properly trained and educated workers in the United States, and labor advocates say it is all because a computer programmer, in India for example, commands perhaps a third of the salary of his American counterpart. The international human rights advocate sees the outsourcing process as a necessary step in the development of the developing world; a weapon in the fight against poverty and parochial prejudice. In particular, it looks at how IBM has emerged as one of the leading players in this debate and how, as one the world?s leading information technology companies, it employs hundreds of thousands of people across the globe and sets standards that others are bound to follow. In order to understand the role of IBM, it examines the industry itself, IBM?s own corporate policies, and all of the various political and social arguments for and against the computer giant?s course of action.
From the Paper
"As a quick look at the latest available figures will reveal, IBM dominates the market in the production and sale of mainframe computers. From 2002 to 2003, IBM?s market share increased by ten percent, as compared to an industry-wide average increase of only five percent. With this increase, IBM now holds a solid 32% piece of the forty-six billion dollar global mainframe industry. Together, IBM and its three largest competitors ? HP, Sun, and Dell ? control nearly seventy-three percent of this market. IBM is a world leader in other fields as well. It shares the top five spots in computer notebooks with HP, Dell, Toshiba, and Acer. IBM lags only two-tenths of a percentage point behind Hewlett Packard in terms of IT storage revenue; the two companies together managing a hefty fifty-one percent share of the entire storage market. As a leading IT player, IBM and its few leading competitors thus have almost a stranglehold on the global industry. "
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Sweatshops in Third World Countries, 2004.
An overview of the growing problem of sweatshops in Third World countries and what the governments can do to stop them.
1,849 words (approx. 7.4 pages), 6 sources, MLA, £ 41.95
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Abstract
This paper examines how cheap labor has always been appealing to corporations and how, as the business world becomes globalized, outsourcing work to countries such as Mexico, China, Korea, the Philippines, India, Africa, and Taiwan has become a common practice among companies from industrialized nations. It looks at how the lack of restrictive and costly government regulations overseas is very attractive to businesses because it provides a favorable bottom line and how this lack of regulation allows dangerous work environments to flourish.
From the Paper
"Taiwan has long been famed for its transformation from a developing country to an industrial colossus, however, in recent years labor disputes at a Taiwanese-owned textile factory in impoverished Nicaragua has cast global attention on the island nation (Perrin Pp). Taiwan has set up scores of garment factories in Central America to produce goods for the American market, but management practices at these factories are said to seem as if they?re taken from the pages of a Dickens novel (Perrin Pp). According to Charles Kernaghan, executive director of the National Labor Committee, ?Taiwanese manufacturers have one of the worst reputations in the world regarding the treatment of workers? (Perrin Pp). A few of the abuses include obligatory overtime, physical violence, union busting and pregnancy tests as a condition for employment (Perrin Pp)."
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Professionalism, 2004.
An examination of the changing attitude towards 'professional' careers.
1,872 words (approx. 7.5 pages), 7 sources, MLA, £ 41.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses how society's attitude towards professionalism has shifted over the past decades. It looks at the changes of figures and statistics in the work force and the move from blue-collar professions to university degree-based professions. It also discusses people's changing attitudes towards different fields in the professional world.
From the Paper
"Basically, a professional can be defined as one professed of knowledge (Wikipedia online). A professional receives payment for some activity for which he/she has great skill or that something that demonstrates such skill. To conduct oneself as a professional (exhibiting ?professional behavior?) would indicate that the person?s actions remain in accordance with specific rules, written or unwritten, pertaining to the standards of a profession. In many areas a person must overcome a barrier to entry before gaining recognition as a professional. Such barriers include academic degrees, certifications, licenses or completion of an apprenticeship. Professions with such barriers include those of doctors, engineers, attorneys, teachers and, most recently, individuals in electronic technology."
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Collective Bargaining, 2004.
This paper discusses collective bargaining in labor relations based on Chapters 5 to 8 in ?Labor Relations? by Arthur A. Sloane and Fred Witney.
1,435 words (approx. 5.7 pages), 0 sources, £ 32.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that, in an effective relationship of labor relations and management, the entities representing labor and management must not view one another simply as adversaries, but as potentially complementary parties in the pursuit of a common goal of agreement. The author points out that there are simultaneous but conflicting goals. The labor organization wishes to gain the best possible settlement for its workers, and management wishes to maximize profitability and cut costs. The paper contends that the multiplicity of interests is one reason that independent arbitration can be so valuable in helping the interested parties gain patience and willingness to make concessions in the face of seemingly insurmountable differences and obstacles.
From the Paper
"An overview of some of the potential areas of conflict between an individual employee, employees as a collective, and the corporate entity as a whole belay such an easy resolution. Although quality and cost control may ultimately be the most important things to the consumers of products that create the need of manufacturing and thus generate jobs, this does not meant that every individual employee will be willing to sacrifice his or her vacation time or flexible pay, simply to increase corporate profits and maintain his or her job security. The individual decisions of workers thus come under the labor union?s role of advocacy, even if in theory they may go against the collective of managerial desires."
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Cultural Diversity in the Business Environment, 2004.
This paper discusses human resource management and the issue of cultural diversity.
4,295 words (approx. 17.2 pages), 15 sources, MLA, £ 79.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that excellence in a leader's style used in human resource management is the ability to apply a range of diverse styles, which enables the leader of any organization to bring out the best from any individual in the team according to one's specific nature. The author points out that many employers now have non-English or limited-English-speaking workers; therefore, it is very important for such workplaces to have policies and procedures designed to facilitate communication. The paper concludes that employers should not adopt blanket policies stopping workers from speaking languages other than English at all times, which means that human resource managers must create a work environment specific for these employees.
Table of Content
Academic Literature
Human Resource Management
Managing Diversity in Practice
From the Paper
"The task of human resource as stated in many books is to build an organizational culture based on good communication, comprehensive training and development programs, and consequent rewards for the individual?s performance, ability to take risk, plan well and work in teams. Even if the nature of a culture within an organization is unknown outside its premises, the truth is that its importance cannot be eliminated because culture is extremely influential in determining the degree to which an organization is able to achieve its mission and strategic goals as per plan."
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The Global Economy, 2004.
This paper examines issues that are affecting changes in the global economy, especially employment.
3,835 words (approx. 15.3 pages), 5 sources, MLA, £ 73.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that the changes in the world economy are affecting employment. This is similar to the changes in the 19th century when the textile industry in the U.S. shifted from the states in the Northeast to the South. The author points out that advanced countries are affected by the impact in the decrease in the availability of jobs because of an overall decrease in the rate of job formation and a global transfer of jobs to less developed countries. The paper relates that an important reason for the decrease of employment and the change in economies has been the process of privatization, the transferring of ownership rights of state-owned enterprises (SOE) to the private sector.
Table of Contents
Growth but No Employment ? A Paradox of Development
State Owned Enterprises
Unemployment Problems from the Government Directly
Impact of Technology and Its Protection
The Growth in Exports and Growth of Economy
Off-Shore Employment
Conclusion
From the Paper
"The legal position within the country also plays a role and it has been seen through measurement of the reforms that have taken place that transfer of ownership is limited in countries that follow French civil law as opposed to countries following common law. This compels only partial privatization there. The origin from French civil law provides better protection to poor minority shareholders and this may be the reason. The legal considerations have to be carefully judged in the case of new shareholders that are created in the process of privatization, as they may be expropriated by the future managers of the privatized SOE."
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Management Issues, 2004.
A look at the problem of sick-leave abuse in the Chicago Police Department.
5,788 words (approx. 23.2 pages), 10 sources, MLA, £ 97.95
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Abstract
This paper examines the problem of excessive use of sick leave by Chicago's police officers. The paper looks at some of the reasons given for the high rates of sick leave, why many of these reasons are not justifiable and actually indicate an abuse of sick-leave policies, and presents a plan for the Chicago Police Department that will help discourage and prevent the abuse.
From the Paper
"There?s no doubt police work can be stressful, and the connection between stress and illness has been well documented. So it wouldn?t surprise or upset anyone for police officers to be granted a few more sick days than the dozen or so that are generally regarded as standard in U.S. business and even in other U.S. government positions. But in Chicago, the police department is granted an extraordinary number of sick days, 365 medical days for every two years of service. So it?s no wonder 700 Chicago police officers are out sick every day. (Johnson, 2004) That must be a temptation, but the same report noted that 44 percent of the 14,000-officer force took no sick days, with the rest averaging 33 days, up from 18.5 days in 2002. (Johnson, 2004) One of the problems that has led to this condition, according to police union vice president Bill Doughtry, is the special health risks police officers face in dealing with dead bodies. (Johnson, 2004)"
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The Teamsters Union, 2004.
This paper discusses the Teamsters Union, which the author concludes is one of the worst unions in the nation.
3,000 words (approx. 12.0 pages), 6 sources, MLA, £ 61.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that, after more than 100 years of union activity in the United States, the International Brotherhood of Teamsters (also known as the Teamsters or Teamsters Union) leadership has harmed both labor relations and the union itself. The author points out that, from 1979 to 1984, a Teamster?s official was indicted by federal authorities every eight days, 225 indictments for misdeeds ranging from racketeering to arson to aggravated assault to extortion, bribery, and pension fund embezzlement. The paper relates that, while the Teamsters are taken to task for flouting the law in ways that almost always cause harm to members, such as the continuing pension debacle, and while the leadership serves itself extremely well with salaries and perks, it continues to serve its members badly.
Table of Contents
Introduction
Worst of a Bad Lot
The Branch Doesn?t Fall Far from the Tree
What Would Have Changed?
Even Better Full-Time Jobs for Leaders
What?s Good for the Goose?
A Brief Glimpse of Camelot
Finest Hour
From the Paper
"In fact, the federal government finally placed the Central States Pension Fund (also known as the mafia bank) in trusteeship because of the Teamsters? leadership spending million in funds supposedly for retirement benefits on Mafia-related loans to Las Vegas casinos. While it is, Waldman admits, likely the Teamsters membership had higher wages, and thus made higher pension contributions, than they would have without the union, the sting of losing a great deal of their expected retirement income was another example of the poor ?labor relations? conduct of the leadership."
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Japanisation, 2004.
This paper discusses the application of the Japanese management style to UK business management.
3,780 words (approx. 15.1 pages), 22 sources, APA, £ 72.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that Japanese management involves a production system where employees are held accountable for their own actions to the same extent that supervisors or managers would be held accountable for the actions of all employees in a more Western or Americanized model. he author points out that the traditional British system promotes harsh and unrelenting, uncommunicative, and uncooperative management styles by upper management. The paper concludes that, even where new industrial practices modeled after the Japanese model of management are said to be in place within the UK, much work still has to be done to improve employee relations and satisfaction within UK corporations.
Table of Contents
Introduction
Japanisation Characterized
History of Japanisation
Case Study
Current Trends
British Industrial Relations
Current U.K. Model of Management
Conclusions
From the Paper
"Nippon CTV is an example of a Japanese owned factory that is located in the southern portion of England. The factory employs 1,000 people. Recently the factory was the subject of a research study on the shop floor where a majority of the workers are women. There are eight assembly lines operating out of the panel shop, each of which uses an automatic conveyor to carry panels to operators working from their stations (Delbridge, 1997). The assembly teams are run by a team leader, who is responsible for handling any issues which might affect performance including quality control and disciplinary issues."
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Immigrant Workers, 2004.
An examination of the United States immigration policy and how it impacts the domestic workers.
1,269 words (approx. 5.1 pages), 4 sources, MLA, £ 30.95
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Abstract
This paper looks at how America has long been known for being the land of opportunity and how millions of immigrants have come to America and started new lives living off of the fruits of their labor from working. It examines how, in recent decades, however, concern has developed about the number of jobs the immigrant workers perform. There have been many debates and discussions about U.S. immigration policy and how it impacts domestic workers in this country. It explores how America is currently facing a dilemma and how it has to decide whether its willingness to embrace immigrants is going to have a negative impact on the plight of the domestic worker.
From the Paper
"Those who advocate for immigrant workers allege the only jobs the immigrants are taking are jobs that US residents do not want or need. For many years it was believed that the only jobs being taken by immigrant workers were those on farmland as planters and pickers. For a long time this many have been the case but more recently the jobs being taken by immigrant workers have branched out to include other industries."
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Minimum Wage, 2004.
A look at both sides of the minimum wage debate that has been taking place in the United States for decades.
857 words (approx. 3.4 pages), 4 sources, MLA, £ 21.95
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Abstract
This paper gives a brief history of the minimum wage laws in the United States and attempts to show that minimum raise increases benefit more than just the lower-class society in America.
From the Paper
"In addition, much of the working poor were falling well below the poverty line, and even the middle class were beginning to lose economic ground. By 1936, the Public Contracts act allotted for a minimum wage provision in all federal contracts (Illinois Labor History Society, 24). Several states had also attempted to follow Massachusetts?s lead, and enact their own minimum wage laws, but were met with Supreme Court opposition until a ruling in 1937 (Relave, 2)."
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Trade Unions, 2004.
This paper discusses that privatization, technological innovation, and globalization have had a negative effect on the trade unions in England and France.
1,910 words (approx. 7.6 pages), 6 sources, MLA, £ 42.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that, despite the fact that employer groups have attacked the weak social rights concepts in the E.U. treaties, union strength has shrunk enormously. The author points out that part of the problem of the trade unions may accrue to the unions themselves because they operate under an old paradigm, refusing to accept labor market reforms, which would return work to the working class. The paper concludes that the local monopolies and trade unions are as extinct as the dodo bird; very few even recalling what they were like just two decades ago.
Table of Contents
What Happened?
Why Do Trade Unions Continue Ineffective?
Attempted Turnaround
Conclusion
From the Paper
"It is unlikely ?capital?s is going to allow the other holders of capitol--the financial corporations, multi-national executives and their universe--to suffer significant costs associated with the changing economic pattern caused by globalization. As has been seen in the case of France in 2002, the state governments are willing to offer various ?bribes? to the stakeholders to prevent unions regaining access to the economic rent that once supported their activities."
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The Fordist, Neo-Fordist, and Post-Fordist Society Models, 2004.
A look at the type of society we live in today by examining the Fordist, Neo-Fordist, and Post-Fordist society models.
1,611 words (approx. 6.4 pages), 8 sources, APA, £ 36.95
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Abstract
This paper evaluates each model, examine viewpoints about each model, and attempt to show that the world we currently live in is representative of a post-Fordist society.
From the Paper
"The term Fordism originally came about in the early 1900?s in response to Henry Ford?s symbolic nature as a leader. His efforts to transform from an agriculturally based economy to a mass production, mass consumption market paved the way for a new society model. Ford brought the automobile industry up from ground level, and used a number of implemented changes to achieve that goal. The cumulative of those transformations is the basis behind Fordism (Thompson, 1998)."
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The Future of Unions in Labor Relations, 2004.
Discussion of whether unions are still necessary in today's work force.
3,677 words (approx. 14.7 pages), 5 sources, APA, £ 71.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses whether unions are still necessary in today's work force. It raises the following questions. How much power do unions have when their members go out on strike? Who generally wins when an employer and a union square off against each other? Are unions changing to match the current economics of today's business environment.
Outline
The Role That Unions Play
The Importance of Strikes
How Unions Get Their Members
Specific Strikes
Conclusion: Are Unions Still Viable
From the Paper
"Unions came about from the struggles and pain that individuals had to go through early on in history. Unions were something that did not spring up overnight, but rather took a great deal of time to develop as individuals began working out for themselves what types of organizations would be the best to protect their rights and ensure that they could not be treated cruelly or unfairly by those that they worked for (Kearney, 2001). The right to collective bargaining took almost 200 years in the United States but today these rights are held in almost every country (Kearney, 2001)."
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