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Gender and Technology, 2008.
This paper discusses the issue of gendered careers and the role of technology.
1,686 words (approx. 6.7 pages), 7 sources, APA, £ 33.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer notes that one of the greatest changes that has impacted working conditions and careers has been the advent and rapid growth of technology. This massive change has also impacted women workers. The writer discusses that one might have expected that technology would have had a primarily positive impact, given that technology reduces the importance of brute physical strength, and that this is the only variable in which most women have any intrinsic disadvantage, relative to most men. However, the writer maintains that in general, technology does not seem to have been to the advantage of women. The writer argues that technology has had a negative impact on women workers and their careers. This is due not to technology itself, but rather to persistent, sexist stereotypes about what is "natural" for men and women.
From the Paper
"Sim and Yong blame this gender-based polarization on gender-based socialization and stereotyping that negatively impacts women's education and skills training. While this is at last declining, it still functions to prevent most women from gaining the career benefits from technology that are available to so many men."
"When it comes to higher level jobs, and especially jobs that are in high-tech fields such as computerization, medicine, science, and engineering, there appears to be a widespread trend for sexist perceptions about women's abilities to function as a bar that prevents most women from benefiting from the career opportunities opened up by new technology. For example, Whitney notes that women in medicine are still subject to discrimination with regard to admission to medical school, residency selections, appointment of faculty, and advancement. Indeed, Adams argues that medicine has been characterized by active hostility towards the incursions of women physicians, as has dentistry."
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Employment Law and Dismissals, 2008.
A case study analysis of five candidates for dismissal by FastServe and the employment law that relates to each case.
1,393 words (approx. 5.6 pages), 4 sources, MLA, £ 28.95
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Abstract
This paper outlines the major aspects of employment law that need to be considered by an organization. It bases its discussion primarily on a case analysis from a simulation based on the company, FastServe Incorporated. The simulation presents five candidates for dismissal and examines major areas of employment law and the legal implications surrounding dismissals.
Table of Contents:
Introduction
Regulatory Circumstances: Understanding Employment at Will & Collective Bargaining
The Agency Principle
Legal Risk and Business Risk
From the Paper
"In conclusion, as shown from the simulation, employment law and the auspices surrounding the issue are expansive. The legal issues in the workforce stem from hiring, interviewing, dismissals and all aspects of labor activities. Employment risk plays a major part within this overall area. As shown from the simulation, it coincides with all legal issues in the workforce and even outlines aspects of the principal-agent problem studied in economics. Nevertheless, its understanding is important to the sustainability of an organization as is clearly outlined for FastServe."
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Labor in America, 2008.
An analysis of the change in the relative bargaining power of factory and industrial workers from the 1800s to the present day.
1,242 words (approx. 5.0 pages), 2 sources, MLA, £ 25.95
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Abstract
The paper explains the reasons for the relative bargaining power of American workers in the 1800s and the decline of this power in the latter half of the 19th century. The paper explores what then changed in the 1930s until 1946, by which time the nation was thoroughly accepting of labor unions. The paper goes on to discusses why, from that time to the present, there has been a steady decline in union membership until today.
From the Paper
"There are a number of ways to analyze the change in the relative bargaining power of the factory and industrial worker from 1946 to the present day. One method would be to understand the relative scarcity, as represented by the movement in real wages, of the factory worker from 1800. At that time, the US was growing fast, immigration was relatively low, and European capital continued to pour in to the US during the entire 19th century in order to chase better returns and stronger growth than on the Continent. American productivity climbed as capital poured in, partly due to the universal education that was part of the founding principles of the United States."
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Brain Drain in Africa, 2008.
This paper looks at the "brain drain" phenomenon in Africa.
705 words (approx. 2.8 pages), 3 sources, APA, £ 15.95
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Abstract
The paper discusses how the "brain drain" is accelerating in the era of globalization, due to the United States' immigration policy and the better opportunities professionals find abroad. The paper relates that this results in much of Africa having a dearth of doctors, scientists, technicians, corporate executives, university graduates and other people needed for a country's economic and social development.
From the Paper
"The United States is a magnet for people all over the world, as can be seen by the problem of illegal immigration. One of the tenets of those supporting legal immigration is that used in the right way. Immigration can assure that the best and the brightest are selected and that the U.S. can in this way enhance its supply of technically trained workers. One problem with this approach is that it causes a "brain drain" in other parts of the world as those best able to help in their own country are siphoned off to the United States. This issue can become a concern in the country of origin, and it has been noted that Africa is suffering because of the policy; the region's best educated are emigrating to the United States at too high a rate."
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Gender Wage Gap, 2008.
This paper discusses gender differences in wages in Canada.
3,558 words (approx. 14.2 pages), 7 sources, APA, £ 60.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer explores the female-wage differential in Canada by focusing on the empirical research and methodological structures used to explain what accounts for the wage differential. More importantly the paper focuses on the literature that has explained this trend and how the literature has changed or incorporated analytical tools that are useful to the overall theoretical framework of female-wage differentials in Canada. The paper is organized to present empirical studies that differ in terms of modeling frameworks and with a focus on methodological differences throughout the literature. The writer concludes that even though as time progresses the female-male wage differential narrows in Canada, it is still a persistent problem and the literature will continue to change and use new methods to estimate and understand the female-male wage differential.
Outline:
Introduction
Literature Review: General Overview
Empirical Studies and Development
Comprehensive Analysis from Drolet
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Many studies that focus on the Canadian labor market focus on the factors that affect the human capital investment in that environment, but the theoretical development is still based on the human capital explanation.
"There is extensive literature that uses the auspices of the marginal revenue productivity theory to explain how differences between men and women as it relates to education, experience, hours of work, occupation, and other institutional or structural factors affect the female-wage differential. This type of analysis has been used to explain country or region specific wage differentials because of the use of large cross-sectional data sets that can determine differences in the labor force composition within that particular country or region."
"Typically the female-wage differential models have focused on estimating different functions for males and females."
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Socialization at Coca-Cola, 2008.
This paper looks at organizational behavior and discusses the matter of socialization at Coca-Cola.
854 words (approx. 3.4 pages), 10 sources, APA, £ 18.95
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Abstract
In this paper, the writer discusses that Coca-Cola has long been a powerful symbol of American corporate success and yet, that proud legacy is now under attack as the company finds itself faced with sagging fortunes. This paper suggests that Coke's socialization practices are lacking insofar as they do not have appropriate employee programs and evaluation processes in place; consequently, new or veteran workers are left with the impression that the organization is reneging on its relational commitments under the psychological contract. In the end, the writer maintains that Coca-Cola must pursue socialization practices that stress the value of employee excellence (this includes stringent accountability measures) and it must find new ways of relating to workers that it does, indeed, value relational as opposed to merely transactional contacts between the company and its workers.
Outline:
Introduction
Socialization Practices of Coca-Cola
Detecting the culture of Coca-Cola
Socialization Tactics: Institutionalized Approach but Missing Methods for Socialization
Psychological Contract between the Organization and its Workers: The Missing Relational Element
From the Paper
"The culture of the company is thus one that is wedded to its own past and informed by its own self-image as an embodiment of American enterprising excellence.
"Further, the company is not beyond drawing faith from its successes in the past after previous reversals. For instance, although Coke appears to be going through somewhat of a fallow period at the moment, close observers are quick to point out that Coke has rebounded from adversity in the past. Although it is not clear how much Coke reminds workers of how the organization has come back from the brink in the past, the corporate culture is certainly one predicated upon showing an organizational history of success and fortitude."
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Flexible Work Schedules, 2008.
This paper is a research analysis of how a flexible work schedule can benefiti organizational productivity and a positive work culture.
2,724 words (approx. 10.9 pages), 7 sources, APA, £ 49.95
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Abstract
This paper provides a thorough analysis of flexible work arrangements that will integrate other aspects of organizational development and human resource management so that the benefits and challenges of the process can be reviewed. The paper provides an analysis of the current literature involving flexible work arrangements within an organizational setting. Also, the paper demonstrates methodology by outlining a case study for an organization that has implemented the flexible work schedule and thoroughly outlined the issues or elements that have affected the operations of the human resource model as well as the overall strategic development of the organization. Finally, the paper concludes with the noted recommendations or implications of the research, which will be supported with elements of a literature review and analysis section.
Outline:
Introduction
Literature Review
Analysis
Conclusion
From the Paper
"HP had disappointing profits, especially in wake of the software boom and increased competition from other technology companies catering to business solutions. Divisions had even more disappointing figures and have showed a very low productivity rate. There has also been a high staff turnover and increased absenteeism, (Georgetown Case Study, n.d., p 2). There are some blatant internal issues affecting the HP, which are centered on lack of creativity and flexibility within the technology unit; especially with competition that was innovative and creating more effective products. Similarly, employees were being constantly lured away by our competitor."
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Job Growth in Uncommon Professions, 2008.
This paper discusses job growth in uncommon professions and takes a look into professions in the 21st century.
2,100 words (approx. 8.4 pages), 7 sources, MLA, £ 39.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer discusses that there has been a significant shift in the rise of needed professions in the 21st century, from those that have been traditionally required by society to those that are now essential for the future. The writer notes that because of the increased demand on the medical profession by baby boomers, the health care industry is calling for added medical assistants. Furthermore, the writer points out that Network Systems Data Communication Analysts have grown in importance because of their ability to provide computer system and network security at a time when national security is a primary focus in the United States. There is also an increasing demand for, as they focus on the environmental concerns in relation to water that will sustain life on the surface of the earth. The writer concludes that these professions, although not commonly considered in society, will play an important role in meeting social, scientific and security needs well into this century.
From the Paper
"Yet, this increase in need has been supported by the fact that by 2010 there will exist the largest elderly population that the United States has ever known through the baby boomer generation. Over 71 million Americans will be age 65 or over and this population will tax the health care industry as never before.
"To accommodate this need the nursing profession is one that is becoming more specialized and that offers professional nurses an opportunity to manage patient cases, write prescriptions and supervise a health care team. This new nursing scope also addresses the decreased number of physicians in the nation, allowing nurses to be the primary medial authority in a patient's life. However, Medical Assistants have not had this type of focus, nor has their function within the health care community been defined as well for the public as other well understood professions."
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Systematic Gender Inequality, 2008.
This paper reflects on Canadian gender inequalities in the workplace and asserts that a proactive approach in policy is needed in order to achieve positive change.
2,572 words (approx. 10.3 pages), 12 sources, APA, £ 47.95
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Abstract
This paper asserts that, although some gains have been made, women in Canada still have not achieved equality in the Canadian labour market. It is argued that this reflects a lingering, pervasive and in fact systemic inequality of the sexes within society. Furthermore, this essay advocates that policy changes should be made at federal and provincial government levels to encourage change. Specifically, the author argues that affirmative action, by way of quota policies, must be introduced and that childcare needs to be regarded by policy makers as being of paramount importance.
From the Paper
"On a simplistic level, the 1999 Workplace and Employee Survey tries to explain this differential by analysing its causes. For example, it found that 20% of the differential can be attributed to the fact that women primarily work in low-wage industries. Another 10% is attributed to the fact that women had on average 14 years of full-time experience, compared with 18 years of such experience for men. The latter is a socio-economic reality related to the demands of child-bearing, which are currently inadequately addressed by government policies. It was also found that the fact that more women worked for a part-time rate accounted for some 11% of the gap, as for obscure reasons, companies with a large part-time work force usually pay lower wages. Another 7% of the gap was attributed to 3 factors: the fact that women are less likely to work in self-directed teams (which are better-paid); the fact that fewer women work for foreign-owned companies, which pay higher wages; and the fact that less women work for wages that are tied to performance (which tends to result in higher pay) (Statistics Canada)."
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Women, Men and Unpaid Work, 2008.
This paper discusses the housework and unpaid domestic work that is mainly completed by women.
2,145 words (approx. 8.6 pages), 8 sources, APA, £ 41.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer discusses that although women are today more present in the workforce than in the past, women are still responsible for much of the unpaid household work as well as the raising of children. This paper examines this 'second shift' most women face everyday. The paper argues that although the domestic labour is undervalued and considered a 'labour of love', it is crucial in today's society and plays a large and important role in economic development, the free market and capitalism. The paper also shows that women's paid and unpaid work are connected and impact one another as well as the continuing gender inequality in our society.
From the Paper
"Partly at fault for this is the society in general and in particular the family, as a basic unit of any society, because they send very specific sex-stereotyped messages about what the roles of men and women are in the society. Although the view on what the typical gender roles are has somewhat changed, both women and men are still expected to fit a certain stereotype. First, there is the traditional division between the public and the private sphere. Men are expected to be more inv9olved with the public sphere while women are to concern themselves with the private sphere, mainly within the domain of the households. Across the great majority of cultures, women are considered to be the 'gentler gender' and more 'suited for the nurturing and caring tasks of childcare. Traditional male and female family roles are still very present in society today and society and the media continue to encourage them."
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Are Women Discriminated Against in the Labor Market?, 2008.
A discussion regarding working women in Canada.
1,403 words (approx. 5.6 pages), 11 sources, APA, £ 28.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses how women have fought against discrimination and found a place for themselves within all areas of society, thereby becoming more empowered than ever before. The paper then argues that, although many things have changed for women in the last century, the full equality between the genders has not yet been achieved. Specifically, this paper argues that that women are discriminated against in the labour market and that this discrimination is manifested in several ways.
From the Paper
"In the last fifty years or so, our society has made unprecedented strives towards improving the status of women. Women have been relentless in fighting discrimination against the female gender, carving a place for themselves within the business, educational, professional and political arenas of the society. As a result, today, women have much more power then ever before. This is reflected in the area of work. More than half of the labour force is made up of women (Brym, 1995). However, the participation of women in the workforce has also become an economic necessity, because there are less secure full-time jobs and many families today need the dual income. Although many things have changed for women in the last century, the full equality between the genders has not yet been achieved. This essay will argue that women are discriminated against in the labour market. The discrimination is manifested in several ways. First, women are still paid less then men for corresponding jobs. Second, they still form the major part of part-time and temporary workforce. Women are segregated into certain 'female' professions and they are underrepresented in other professions. Women concentrated in jobs stereotyped as "women's jobs" (nursing, clerical child care, retail). They are poorly presented in science, computer science and engineering occupations, which are often very prestigious and well paid. Fourth, more prestigious positions with power are still mainly reserved for men as women often encounter the 'glass ceiling'. Finally, women often do 'second shift' of housework at home, which is unpaid and undervalued. This job inequality is rooted in the broader social inequality, which separates boys and girls from an early age, and which still sharply defines male and female roles with the family and society at large."
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Measures of Personality, 2008.
A descriptive essay evaluating character traits with respect to the employment of suitable personnel in the business world.
907 words (approx. 3.6 pages), 5 sources, APA, £ 19.95
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Abstract
The paper discusses the measure of testing personalities and how it has altered over the years and then states the key factors required in determining character traits. The paper stresses that this is of particular importance when interviewing prospective people for positions in the business world. The paper concludes that there is no fool proof test in evaluating a persons abilities. The paper also states that the acid proof test is only when the person is placed in the practical environmental situation.
From the Paper
"The SLOAN notation system is used as the scoring format for the Global 5 test. The specific advantages for a company using the Global 5 test are: The data is empirical, the definition of a personality is clearly defined and not one-dimensional, the elements of personality are independent and the SLOAN notation system makes the testing a simple easy process. I have taken the Global 5 test and found the results to be impressive--the test nailed my personality perfectly--or should I say depicted the personality traits I like to think I have ("Global 5-SLOAN Multidimensional Typing System," n.d.)."
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Middle Age Women in the Workforce, 2008.
A commentary on the reasons why so many women, particularly in their mature years are seeking employment today.
1,043 words (approx. 4.2 pages), 2 sources, MLA, £ 22.95
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Abstract
The paper is an observation analysis as to why we find women in the workforce today. The paper explains the reasons for this phenomena and continues by highlighting how effectiveness and usefulness alters with the progression of age. The paper utilizes a specific example and follows the work cycle as this person increases in age.
Outline:
Introduction
Findings/observations
Critical analysis
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Dolly has worked at the same restaurant for 18 years. Her shift use to be 6-11pm, but she no longer feels comfortable driving home so late so Dolly asked for her shift to be 4-9pm. Dolly also no longer is able to work 5 nights a week like she did for 12 years. Her back became arthritic and the pain of working 5 shifts is too much for her to handle--she asked to be cut down to 4, then 3 and just yesterday she asked for only 2 shifts a week. The other girls she was hired with are still physically able to work their 5 shifts, but have cut back along with Dolly for other reasons such as babysitting grandchildren, no longer need the money, no longer need the social aspect, managers are too young and inexperienced and etc. Physically they are all fine, but a car accident Dolly had in her mid-twenties has caused arthritis in her joints and swelling to some discs in her back between her shoulder blades. Dolly still needs the money--her husband died 8 years ago of a fatal heart attack and financially they were not prepared."
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Advanced Practice Nurses: Defending Their Role, 2008.
This paper looks at collective action for advanced practice nurses (APN)today.
1,040 words (approx. 4.2 pages), 7 sources, APA, £ 22.95
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Abstract
The paper explores the reasons for advanced practice nurses' (APN) increasing power in the workplace. The paper looks at their response to collective action and the outlook for collective action in the future within the universe of APN professions. The paper also discusses how at a time when the number of skilled nurses is not keeping pace with demand, it's a good time for nurses to bargain with increasingly powerful insurance, physicians and hospital institutions.
From the Paper
"The APN mirrors the physician population in its trends towards specialization, which accelerated in the 1990's years (as cited by Brown, 1996, p.1). As APN's took on increasing responsibility and health care systems pushed primary care responsibilities to nurses, the need for nurses has increased. At the same time, the low number of nursing graduates has crimped supply. The result is a high number of jobs available for qualified APN's (as cited by Nevidjon and Erickson, 2001, p.1)"
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