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Botanicas in the United States, 2008.
A brief discussion of the purpose and services of botanicas to the Hispanic-American communities in the United States.
846 words (approx. 3.4 pages), 1 source, MLA, £ 21.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses botanicas in the United States. It focuses on how the botanicas function as support systems for Latino immigrant individuals who seek to ameliorate the problems they face in the new world through old-world solutions. The paper briefly describes the different types of items and services offered by the botanicas and discusses who provides these services.
From the Paper
"The individuals providing the most help in obtaining the products and services associated with botanicas are the trained healers and religious specialists in these shops. Healer s are regarded as the resident experts in this field; they can either serve as the employees or as actual owners of these shops. Healers can either buy the herbs and other assorted products for their clients directly from the shops themselves or send out the clients to do this. The majority of clients who take advantage of the services offered at the botanica are of Latino origin; they also happen to be first-generation immigrants to America. Sometimes non-Latino patrons may also come to regularly frequent these shops, which are wondrous cultural markers in America's major cities."
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Brazilian Cinema, 2008.
Presents a history of Brazilian cinema with a focus on traditional Latin American themes seen within this history.
9,145 words (approx. 36.6 pages), 9 sources, MLA, £ 132.95
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Abstract
This paper relates that the major cinematic areas of tradition in Brazilian cinema include cannibalism, hunger, vera cruz and other areas of social and political significance. The paper then takes a look at each of these
Latin American traditions and in an effort to provide an understanding of each tradition in Brazilian filmmaking history. The paper juxtaposes these traditions to the events of the eras in which they emerged and the dual dichotomy of Brazil's political impact on filmmaking, and cinema as an impact on Brazilian society.
Table of Contents:
Introduction
Literature Review
The Early Years
Cinema Novo
"Vidas Secas"
"The Guns"
"Garota de Ipanema" (Girl From Ipanema", 1967)
"Terra em Transe" ("Lang in Anguish", 1967)
Third Cinema
Amacio Mazzaropi
1980s - 1990s: A Shift In Brazilian Filmmaking
"At Play in the Fields of the Lord"
Conclusion
From the Paper
"The earlier works between 1930 and 1959 were creative, although the costumes relied largely on the actor's own sense of style and resources. This cinema reflected the development that the country was going through, and investment by foreign markets and banks. Between 1956 and 1961 the country experienced growth in economic output and production. Not so different than in America, where this period represented what has often been referred to as the good years for the nuclear family; in Brazil the Brazilian president, Kubitschek promised 50 years of progress in five, and he made good on his promise."
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Multicultural Observation, 2008.
A look at the Hispanic/Latino minority group in the United States.
791 words (approx. 3.2 pages), 1 source, APA, £ 19.95
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Abstract
The paper looks at what the author expects to find in a large minority culture, the Hispanic/Latino cultural sub-population. The paper provides a brief literature review with observations regarding the different Hispanic/Latino cultures and their differences, such as the external features of their areas and communities.
From the Paper
"Commenting on the work, Hispanic Spaces, Latino Places by Daniel Arreola notes that the terms "Hispanic" and "Latino" are often used interchangeably, serving as "pan ethnic labels" used to describe distinct and separate cultures that live within America. This subculture, representing a majority rather than a minority, consists of an estimated 39 million plus Americans, comprising as much as 13 percent of the total population in the United States according to census information gathered in 2003 (Nostrand, 293). Within this subculture, individuals tend to identify with a specific nationality rather than use the general term "Hispanic" or "Latino" to identify themselves. Rather, a member of this culturally diverse group may associate their culture and upbringing with their national heritage, which, according to Nostrand, may be, "Mexican, Puerto Rican, Salvadoran or other" (p. 293)."
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Jaime Escalante: Teacher Extraordinaire, 2008.
A paper on the life and work of the influential educator Jaime Escalante.
1,579 words (approx. 6.3 pages), 8 sources, MLA, £ 35.95
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Abstract
This paper presents a biography of Jaime Escalante and describes how his perseverance, ideals and work ethic enabled him to succeed both in his personal life and in his chosen career as teacher. The author then contrasts the way in which Escalante became an inspiring and successful teacher by transcending language and cultural barriers with the refusal of many current Latino immigrants to learn English and the consequent trend in major American metropolitan areas to provide Spanish-speaking services for them.
From the Paper
"Currently the United States is experiencing a major influx of Latino immigrants, many illegal, that do not have the fortitude or the tenacity of Jaime Escalante. If each immigrant were to espouse the ideals and work ethic of Escalante, the controversy would surely diminish as such individuals, immigrants and otherwise, are sorely needed in many industries in the United States. It seems they broke the mold when they made Jaime Escalante and many teachers now teaching in tough, urban areas would do well to follow his excellent example of treating students with respect, pride, and care no matter what their economic, racial, or social background may be."
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Realignment of United States versus Cuban Policy., 2008.
An examination of the foreign policy of the United States towards Cuba.
2,899 words (approx. 11.6 pages), 10 sources, APA, £ 59.95
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Abstract
The paper relates the background to Fidel Castro's rise to power and describes the present situation with respect to government policy and the resultant stagnant relationship with the United States. The paper criticizes the United States with lack of leadership in not changing its policy towards Cuba and quotes various proposals that have been suggested. The paper concludes that the time for change is now, as the present leader is aging and we have no idea what will be the policy of his successor.
Outline:
Current status and historical context
Short term policy changes
Long term policy changes
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Fidel Castro rose to power on the Island of Cuba in the early 1960's by means of a military coup, and following his trade agreements with the Soviet Union and nationalization of private industries he publicly embraced Marxist-Leninist affiliation in 1960, thrusting the island nation into the center of the Cold War . A forty year plus progression of increasing sanctions and restrictions via both Congressional and Executive actions ensued. In addition, Cuban expatriates have become a powerful voting block in the crucial Presidential state of Florida enticing additional hard-line policies towards the Cuban Communist regime. This complex commingling of foreign policy and domestic politics has created a muddled policy that is unique and inconsistent with United States policies concerning similar hostile governments."
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| Essay # 105084 |
temporarily unavailable
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International Monetary Fund (IMF), 2008.
A look at the harsh conditions the International Monetary Fund (IMF) imposed on developing nations receiving IMF assistance and the consequences of those conditions..
1,080 words (approx. 4.3 pages), 3 sources, MLA, £ 26.95
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Abstract
This paper examines IMF policies and structural economic demands and how they affect national economies and local populations. The paper relates that, while such structural conditions to a country's economy might, for the most part be well intentioned, they often have disastrous outcomes or, at best, minimal benefit to the receiving nation The paper then presents suggestions for alternative assistance strategies for struggling nations.
Table of Contents:
Overview
The IMF and Jamaica
The Gender Factor
Possible Alternatives
From the Paper
"IMF SAPs are deigned to result in an increase in tradable goods and services that are defined as goods or services that can be traded on international markets rather than local markets. The indirect but clear impact on the local labor markets affected by IMF policies, such as Jamaica, is that while males that are more commonly employed in the non-tradable goods and services industries experience higher levels of unemployment, women, in contrast, are increasingly sought after to work the assembly and production lines that produce the tradable goods and services, they are still responsible for their child rearing, child care, and home-making duties."
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The Quest for California, 2008.
This paper explores the experiences of the Spanish and Mexican governments in their attempts to colonize California.
1,696 words (approx. 6.8 pages), 6 sources, MLA, £ 37.95
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Abstract
The paper reveals that although the periods of the Spanish occupation and Mexican colonization of California have been romanticized by many historians, in actuality there was a brutal struggle between the native Indians and the Spanish and Mexican peoples. The paper describes the efforts of both Spain and Mexico to colonize California and influence their culture. The paper shows how the Indians held to their convictions and heritage even under the threat of abuse and torture.
From the Paper
"The Spanish expanded their empire into California in 1769, over two hundred years after their first exploration of the California coast. The Spaniards brought with them their European culture which included Catholic missions, presidios (forts protecting the missions), and small towns known as "pueblos". (UCLA Extension Seminar). "The culture of the Spanish was markedly different" from the natives, which resulted in major conflict during Spain's attempt at the colonization of California (Chan & Olin 74). Tensions ensued, and in 1808, the Mexican revolt began against Spanish rule and finally ended in 1821 with Mexican independence. "Mexico...was even less able than Spain..." to handle the colonization of California and live peacefully with the natives (Bean & Rawls)."
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Blacks in Brazil, 2008.
This paper looks at the racism facing blacks in Brazilian society.
1,066 words (approx. 4.3 pages), 4 sources, APA, £ 26.95
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Abstract
The paper discusses Brazilian society and the racism that makes blacks
largely invisible. The paper looks at the marginalization and discrimination of blacks as well as the racial mix on the street and in those in positions of power. The paper discusses how the 1960 Salgueiro ccarnival became a source of racial tension as well as racial healing and then discusses how ritual and celebration can cause a culture clash. The paper then relates that the presidency of Lula is trying to change aspects of this relationship but clearly has a difficult road to follow in doing so.
Outline:
Introduction
Racism
Blacks and Carnival
President Lula
Conclusion and the Future
From the Paper
"Brazilian society in the modern age has been marked by pronounced regional and ethnic diversity. Ethnic diversity accompanies the pronounced regionalism. Descendants of Portuguese settlers, Amerindians, and African slaves comprise the main cultural groups. The heritage from the Portuguese has been disproportionate to the number of Portuguese settlers because they were colonizers and left their mark on the nation's political system and social institutions. This is reflected in language, kinship, and religion. However, the fact that the society is varied does not mean that the different elements mix together equally, as is noted in the book Black Brazil by Larry Crook, in which Antonio Pitanga states that blacks are invisible in Brazilian society."
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Caribbean Female Sex Work, 2008.
Looks at female prostitution as sex work in Caribbean countries.
2,530 words (approx. 10.1 pages), 10 sources, APA, £ 53.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that, in various Caribbean countries, women have very few ways of supporting their families and thereby capitalizing on their sexuality through sex work is within their conformist respectable cultures. The author points out that most North American and European female prostitutes are motivated by their heroin and crack cocaine addictions; whereas, Caribbean prostitutes or sex workers are prompted by the opportunity to make a livable wage. The paper stresses that these Caribbean sex workers recognize their right to political activism as women to be taken seriously in tourist economies, which require their labor.
Table of Contents:
Introduction
Victims versus Survivors
Sex Economics
Gaps between Sex Trade Workers and Observers
Caribbean, not Western Sex Work
Race and Caribbean Sex Work
Concluding Remarks
From the Paper
"Caribbean prostitution points to more than differing ideas on sexuality's importance in the Caribbean culture zone and can remind of a "racialized relation of power and resistance" at local as much as global levels. Caribbean women are absolutely aware of the obstacles of sexism, racism of different kinds, and bleak economic prospects. Observers tending to pit respectable Caribbean cultures and their expectations of women against women of classes involved in prostitution need to explore again for women who take up sex work see very clearly local social and political orders divided by class."
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In-State Tuition and Illegal Immigrants, 2008.
An argument against providing in-state tuition for illegal immigrants.
903 words (approx. 3.6 pages), 2 sources, MLA, £ 22.95
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Abstract
The paper focuses on the ongoing debate about tuition breaks for illegal immigrants and argues that illegal immigrants should not profit from their wrongdoing. The paper is of the opinion that American immigration law needs to be respected or America will find itself increasingly a haven for people who may pose security risks to the country. The paper points out that this issue is important since illegal immigration will be one of the defining issues of the next generation.
From the Paper
"Illegal immigration is a highly contentious matter in American society at the present time and it has been for a number of years. Simply put, the number of illegal immigrants in America has climbed steadily for some time and previous amnesty bills and threats to tighten border security have obviously done nothing to stop the flood of people from Mexico into America. Not least of all, the absorption of so many millions of illegal immigrants threatens to make a mockery of the United States immigration system, could lead to real troubles for the country's social welfare programs and, not least of all, constitutes a legitimate security threat; after all, it is exceedingly dangerous to have millions of people in any country who are undocumented and who could be potential saboteurs, terrorists, or violent felons."
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Vos and Voseo, 2008.
An analysis of the use of voseo in Central and South American countries.
1,117 words (approx. 4.5 pages), 3 sources, MLA, £ 26.95
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Abstract
This paper examines how the voseo is an archaic Spanish way of addressing another person using the vos instead of the tu. The use of vos in its formal and aristocratic use has been lost mostly in America but it survives in its family and casual use in some countries in South and Central America. In particular, the paper examines how, although the vos and its use have changed over the centuries, it has experienced different developments depending on the historical and geographical context of the particular country's political and social events. The paper also looks at how today the voseo is the more popular way of addressing somebody in the southern cone and countries in Central America such as Nicaragua.
From the Paper
"In certain regions of Colombia and Venezuela, the vos is used only in contexts of great trust and familiarity. The tu is used in Bogota and it is spreading over the province. In South America, Argentina, Uruguay and Paraguay, people talk using vos on a daily basis. Among these countries, there are not many differences in the way that people use it. It is the typical and characteristic talk and address of the Rio de la Plata. Parents and children address one another using the vos. Young people, even not knowing each other, will talk using vos. However, two adults who don't know each other use the usted. There is not a class differentiation, its use is related to knowledge and age. Sometimes, elderly friend will talk to each other using the usted even in Buenos Aires. The use of vos has a loving and approachable element: it creates an instant trust specially when pronounced from older adults to young people. "
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| Essay # 104088 |
temporarily unavailable
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Immigration Reform, 2008.
This paper addresses the debate surrounding immigration reform in the US and argues that migrant laborers are a necessary component of the U.S. economy.
2,366 words (approx. 9.5 pages), 8 sources, APA, £ 50.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses immigration reform and the growing Minuteman Movement, in which armed vigilantes have taken to patrolling the border.
The paper supports border security but contends that immigration should be expanded. The paper explains that the country should validate what is occurring anyway and what is in fact required for the country's economic well-being.
Outline:
Overview
The Minutemen Project
Open-Door Immigration Reform
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Immigration and immigration reform are issues central the United States (U.S.) and will continue to be important because of the U.S.'s historical encouragement of immigration and its ongoing reliance on foreign labor crossing the border from its Southern neighbor Mexico. The U.S. has several lengthy border with its neighboring countries; primarily Canada and Mexico. Because of Canada's high standard of living and developed economy, illegal immigration across the border with that country is minimal and not considered a priority. However, Mexico is a developing market with a large population and a high rate of poverty and therefore its citizens consider crossing the border into the U.S. and working primarily in labor positions as an opportunity to improve their quality of lives."
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