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Counter Terrorism and Unconventional Warfare, 2008.
A review of the effort of the United States to combat terrorism and the issue of unconventional warfare.
4,230 words (approx. 16.9 pages), 12 sources, MLA, £ 66.95
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Abstract
The paper discusses the issue of terrorism as being the most stringent aspect of international politics, since the events of 2001 proved that terrorism is by no means a conventional threat and a conventional war cannot be waged against it. The paper states that it is important that a comprehensive approach on the matter be taken into consideration. The paper further discusses that the United States has been promoting a complex counter terrorism policy which includes the combination of various aspects of foreign policy. The paper focuses on the fact that pursuing a military unconventional warfare strategy in a diplomatic environment will only work, if there is synergy within the United States Government.
From the Paper
"One of the first aspects to be taken into account is the issue of the global nature of the terrorist threat. In this sense, the United States has been widely considered a worldwide approach on the matter. This method of dealing with terrorism is obvious in the 2006 National Strategy for Combating Terrorism. More precisely, the document drew the guidelines for the activities of the US Government in its attempt to address the issue of terrorism. In this sense, among other aspects, the policy considers that action must be taken in order to "advance effective democracies as the long-term antidote to the ideology of terrorism; prevent attacks by terrorist networks; deny terrorists the support and sanctuary of rogue states; deny terrorists control of any nation they would use as a base and launching pad for terror; and lay the foundations and build the institutions and structures we need to carry the fight forward against terror and help ensure our ultimate success" . All these measures are taken in relation to two distinctive paths of action which in order to be effective, must be interlinked and combined. These two directions are the military and the diplomatic one."
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Abuses at Guantanamo Bay, 2008.
This paper explores the documented mistreatment of Guantanamo Bay detainees.
1,593 words (approx. 6.4 pages), 6 sources, MLA, £ 30.95
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Abstract
The paper reviews several articles on prisoner abuses in Guantanamo Bay. The paper looks at prisoners' conditions, tortures, military trials and legal reviews that the Bush administration contend are in order. The paper concludes that the situation negates the American image as the guardian of democracy, human rights, justice and fairness and moral leadership in the world.
Outline:
Introduction
Methodology
Literature Review
Analysis and Conclusion
From the Paper
"Guantanamo Bay Naval Station is located in the Oriente Province at the Southeast corner of Cuba. It was installed in January 2002 to hold "enemy combatants" captured in Afghanistan and those suspected of connection with al-Qaeda.
"What has really been happening in Guantanamo? What does it say or reflect about the true crime, justice and violence conditions in the US? It is of utmost interest to any freedom-loving individual in the world to know the answers. The US is the most powerful nation in the world. It has promoted an image as the guardian of democracy, justice and fairness and human rights. The situation in Guantanamo should test that image and moral leadership."
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Arab Culture in America, 2008.
This paper explores the issues facing Arabs in America today.
1,944 words (approx. 7.8 pages), 8 sources, APA, £ 36.95
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Abstract
The paper looks at the challenges Arab-Americans face in their culture today. The paper discusses how many Americans stereotype all Arabs as Muslims who are enraged against the United States and western culture, although that is a false assumption of the majority of Arab-Americans living and working in the U.S. The paper shows how their own strong sense of culture, family and religion help them balance their world with the American world.
From the Paper
"Arab Americans seem to have one foot in their past and another squarely in their future. The Arab culture is extremely close-knit, with families playing an extremely important role in this culture. Jobs play an important part of this culture, because they are the place where many Arabs may spend a majority of their daily activities, and they may present challenges for many reasons. Employment in America is based on a Christian calendar and Christian ideals. Arab employees may find it difficult to pray during the day, and they may find it difficult to celebrate Arab holidays, which fall outside the traditional holiday calendar used in America."
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External Induced Innovation, 2008.
A review of the issues on gun control and the effect of the California the 1989 law, Roberti-Roos Assault Weapons Control Act.
3,883 words (approx. 15.5 pages), 17 sources, APA, £ 62.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses gun control and the effect of the California law 'Roberti-Roos Assault Weapons Control Act of the year 1989' and how it will impact on the manufacturers of AR-15 rifle. In particular, in discussing this topic, the paper analyzes the object of sale (.i.e the weapons) and the general attitude of the public toward the weapon sales, the legislation regarding the sale and use and the effect that is perceived in the market and, lastly, the theories of management that are apt in such a scenario to understand the effect and the best method of reacting or pro-acting to the legislation and changes.
Outline:
Introduction
The California Legislation
Externally Oriented Innovations
Measuring and Analyzing Regulatory Changes
Strategic Retreat and Frontal Attack
The Laws that Affect
Gun Control and Companies
Changes by the Companies
Conclusion
From the Paper
"The legislature thus intended the restrictions on the use of a particular class of weapons designated as the "assault weapons as well as establish a process for their sale as also possession". ("Penal Code Section: 12275-12278", n. d.) The restrictions do not extend to weapons that are used for hunting and sports. The law therefore requires citizens to apply for permits and register the weapon with the authorities. The ban therefore is in unauthorized owning the class of weapons. The weapons that were classified in the act includes all Rifles of the AK series "Norinco 56, 56S, 84S, and 86S, Poly Technologies AKS and AK47, MAADI AK47 and AR and twelve others. The companies that were spelt out in the act included Benelli, Hammerli, Pardini, and Walther weapons."
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Kaffir Boy: An Autobiography, 2008.
An analysis of Mark Mathabane's book "Kaffir Boy: An Autobiography", specifically focusing on apartheid in South Africa and the appalling prejudice and segregation between blacks and whites under the regime.
938 words (approx. 3.8 pages), 1 source, MLA, £ 19.95
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Abstract
This paper introduces, discusses, and analyzes the book "Kaffir Boy: An Autobiography" by Mark Mathabane. Mathabane's book allows the reader to enter the South African world of apartheid and understand more about the system as it worked in South African life. Apartheid, a system of separation and segregation between blacks and whites existed in South Africa until 1994, and it drove a wedge between the people, the country, and its relationship with the world. This paper discusses how the book shows the deep wedge between races, and how much blacks suffered under the system. Furthermore, it looks at how Mathabane's story makes the time of apartheid real to the reader, and shows how prejudice and hatred can tear a people and a country apart. It also discusses that even with apartheid and racism, the author still deeply loves his home country.
From the Paper
"As the book continues, it is difficult to believe some of the atrocities and outrages were allowed to continue as long as they did. The whites oppressed the blacks and other minorities so completely, it was difficult for them to even survive. For example, Mathabane's father is arrested simply for being unemployed, one of the 'worst' offenses a black man could commit in South Africa. Some of the situations would be laughable, if they were not so real, and many of them are remarkable. Blacks are not allowed to own houses, and the government can tear down their ghetto on a whim, leaving entire families homeless and desperate. Yet, the whites, who enjoy an incredibly high standard of living, do nothing to ease the tensions and inequalities in their country. It is as if there are two separate countries, united only by the name, 'South Africa,' and the as the book continues, it draws the reader in, until they feel as if they are a part of the fight for freedom. It also makes them feel outrage that such atrocities were allowed to continue for so very long."
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Legal Issues with the USA Patriot Act, 2008.
An analysis of the legal issues related to the USA Patriot Act, regarding citizens' constitutional rights.
752 words (approx. 3.0 pages), 6 sources, APA, £ 15.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the legal issues associated with the USA Patriot Act of 2001. The paper provides a background and history to the Act and how it has been used by federal law enforcement authorities, specifically in ways that have absolutely nothing to do with terrorism or homeland security. The paper focuses on the potential for the Patriot Act to erode constitutional rights.
Table of Contents:
Introduction - Background and History
Major Legal Issues
The Patriot Act in Use
Conclusion
From the Paper
"The problem is many of the provisions of the Patriot Act were actually drafted long before September 11, 2001, and had previously been rejected by Congress precisely because they violated established principles of constitutional law defining the limits of governmental surveillance of citizens for the purpose of law enforcement and prosecution. For example, the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) and other components of the Department of Justice (DOJ) had previously sought certain types of "roving" wire taps in criminal investigations which were denied because they were considered too broad to satisfy constitutional protections (ACLU 2008). The Patriot Act authorizes those taps on the basis that terrorists often move too often to permit a effective surveillance of any specific location or telephone carrier."
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The War on Terror - Threats to Civil Liberties, 2008.
A look at the growing concern at the loss of civil liberties in the US, which are guaranteed by the Constitution, in order to fight the war on terror.
1,024 words (approx. 4.1 pages), 5 sources, APA, £ 21.95
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Abstract
The paper discusses the topic of the war on terrorism in America. Specifically it discusses how the American war on terrorism has created numerous threats to civil liberties in the USA. The paper states that many Americans fear the threat of another terrorist attack, and believe the government has the right to take any measures necessary to keep that from happening. The paper concludes that many of the government's tactics threaten the civil liberties of Americans, a topic that is often overlooked in the war on terrorism.
From the Paper
"However, there are many areas where experts show American civil liberties are being threatened or decreased. For example, recent Congressional inquiries and votes indicate the concern over loss of civil liberties when it comes to phone surveillance and records. After 9/11, the US Patriot Act modified many rules and regulations regarding gathering foreign and domestic intelligence. One of the most controversial was the ability to wiretap or listen to phone, wireless phone, and email communications. Before 9/11, there were stringent guidelines on what type of communication could be wiretapped, and suspects who were wiretapped had to be notified if the evidence collected could be used against them in court. The Patriot Act relaxed these rules, making it much easier for agencies to wiretap both foreign and domestic phone calls, with little or no provocation. This means that the government essentially can listen to any conversation they want to, whether they believe it has a relationship to the war on terror, or not, which is clearly a violation of the right to privacy guaranteed in the Constitution (Etzioni 52). A recent bill would have absolved communications companies of any liability in these wiretapping cases, but Congress defeated that bill, indicating the growing concern over the loss of civil liberties."
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Stem Cell Research, 2008.
A discussion and analysis of Steven Milloy's article "Ron Reagan Wrong on Stem Cells ".
2,280 words (approx. 9.1 pages), 6 sources, APA, £ 41.95
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Abstract
This paper provides a rhetorical analysis of Steven Milloy's article "Ron Reagan Wrong on Stem Cells". The paper explores the motivation behind the article as well as the issues surrounding stem cells research, both as a political issue and a philosophical one. The paper relates that Milloy's basic premise is simply that what Ron Reagan described as a sure-fire cure that would "magically" save the lives of our children and our aging parents was more of a "pipe dream." The paper then states that stem cells research is far from being even in the developmental stages and a cure for debilitating disease is a long way off. The paper also states that Milloy's article hints at the possible moral dilemma that comes from using stem cells from an embryo, resulting in the embryo's destruction, and that of a human life.
From the Paper
"Then why is this issue so contentious? Is seems a no-brainer that any medical advances that will provide such certain cures for disease that researchers have been studying for decades with no hope for a cure in sight would be made possible through research in stem cells. Certainly, every effort should be made to finance such research, irrespective of whether the money comes from tax payer funded government initiatives or from private, for-profit organizations. Milloy debunks the notion that such cures are just a few years away."
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"Pocho" by Jose Antonio Villarreal, 2008.
A review of Jose Antonio Villarreal's novel "Pocho" that details the painful process of assimilation of new immigrants into America.
953 words (approx. 3.8 pages), 1 source, MLA, £ 19.95
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Abstract
The paper discusses the 1959 novel "Pocho" by Jose Antonio Villarreal that shows the political as well as the economic reasons for Mexican-American difficulties with assimilating into American society. The paper explores how the immigrant son, Richard, experiences the classical American identity crisis that particularly afflicts recent immigrants and members of races deemed to be 'minorities.' The paper posits that Pocho is perhaps most useful to us today as an example of how far America has come, in terms of racial and cultural understanding. The paper adds that this novel also acts as a reminder of how second generation immigrants will have a different relationship with their home nation than their parents, often causing inter-family tensions.
Outline:
Overview
Reaction
Applications to Cross-Cultural Psychology
From the Paper
"The 1959 novel Pocho by Jose Antonio Villarreal is a quintessentially American novel in the ways that it details the often painful process of assimilation of a new immigrant group into America. Pocho details the migration of the Rubio family heading north from Mexico after the Mexican Revolution. It portrays the family as leaving Mexico as part of a general migration pattern, typical of previous generations of American immigrants. The Rubio family "came on--insensitive to the fact that even though they were not stopped, they were not really wanted. It was the ancient quest for El Dorado, and so they moved onward, west to New Mexico and Arizona and California, and as they moved, they planted their new seed" (Villarreal 15). Yet unlike previous immigrants the Rubios almost immediately encounter racism, and learn the sad lesson that a Mexican-American must never call a white man a liar."
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The Anthropology of Islam, 2008.
An analysis of the lessons of colonialism for the Islamic peoples of the Middle East.
1,049 words (approx. 4.2 pages), 3 sources, APA, £ 21.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses how the nations of the Islamic world represent one of the great battlegrounds between modernity and tradition. It looks at how freed only recently from the yoke of colonialism, they struggle to find their way in a rapidly changing world, hoping on the one hand to preserve the sacred tenets of their religion, while on the other embracing the temporal wonders of industry and technology. It also examines how the native-born citizens of Saudi Arabia, Syria, Lebanon, Iran, Iraq, and other Middle Eastern Muslim states, find themselves caught between the forces of fundamentalism and globalism.
From the Paper
"The centrality of Islam in traditional Middle Eastern life has contributed to the significance of revivalist movement sin many parts of the region. The Saudi government has always subscribed to the fundamentalist Wahabi tradition, while Iran has, for the past thirty years, been controlled by an equally fundamentalist form of Shiism. In the Palestinian territories, Lebanon, Iraq, and other areas of open conflict, religious fundamentalism is behind various terrorist movements. Jihad is seen as a way of propagating Islam and its values at the expense of the alien ideas of the West. The violence of repressive Western-sponsored regimes is met by the actions of warriors for the faith, suicide bombers who blow themselves up in marketplaces and other prominent venues. The desire to restore a traditional Islamic way of life motivates many who give themselves over to such violence. In places controlled by these groups women are forced to assume the veil and are prevented from being schooled in the Western manner. "
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The Genetic Research Debate, 2008.
A presentation of the genetic research debate with a focus on the positive aspects of genetic research.
962 words (approx. 3.8 pages), 4 sources, MLA, £ 20.95
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Abstract
This paper introduces, discusses and analyzes the topic of genetic research in the United States. It discusses the debate over the morality and ethics involved in genetic research and presents both sides of the argument. The paper specifically focuses on the benefits of genetic research and concludes that science should be free to pursue genetic research, which could have enormous benefits to humanity.
From the Paper
"Genetic research shows promise in other areas, as well. Genetic testing is a new form of medicine that uses genetics to look for defects and propensity for certain diseases even before a baby is born. If the baby is found to suffer from some kind of terminal illness or disease, the baby can be aborted before it is born, alleviating needless suffering in both child and parent. In addition, these genetic tests can tell if a person shares harmful genes that could lead to diseases such as cancer, and in some cases, early diagnoses of these diseases can lead to early treatment and a much better chance of recovery. There are also tests available that a person can send to a lab for analysis, but most doctors do not believe these tests are in the patient's best interest, because they could get the results, jump to the wrong conclusions, and make poor or even harmful decisions. A doctor notes, "[M]edical geneticists and genetic counselors must be available both to advise patients and to educate other health professionals about the value and interpretation of genetic tests" (Kahn). Genetic testing can make a difference in the lives of many people, and it can help diagnose diseases today that may be treatable tomorrow. Genetic testing is just another example of why genetic research is vital to this country and the world, and why science should be free to perform genetic research at all levels of scientific discovery."
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Anthropological Arguments for Animal Rights, 2008.
A discussion on animal rights activism.
860 words (approx. 3.4 pages), 5 sources, APA, £ 17.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses animal rights activism, explaining how the subject raises many different issues with equally diverse underlying philosophies ranging from biblical principles, religion, objective ethics, as well as anthropological arguments about what specific qualities and attributes make us human. From the scientific perspective, we now possess the tools and technological capabilities to understand that Homo sapiens differs from other mammals strictly in degree rather than in kind.
Outline:
Introduction
Defining what Makes Homo Sapiens Sapiens "Human" (and what Does Not)
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Animal rights activism raises many different issues with equally diverse underlying philosophies ranging from biblical principles, religion, objective ethics, as well as anthropological arguments about what specific qualities and attributes make us human. From the scientific perspective, we now possess the tools and technological capabilities to understand that Homo sapiens sapiens differs from other mammals strictly in degree rather than in kind.
"Nevertheless, most animal activist rhetoric focuses on identifying specific attributes as characteristically human upon which arguments for animal rights are based. Extremist groups like People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals (PETA) go even further, suggesting that all animals be entitled to the same rights as people and that every
form of animal food, clothing, and ownership be abolished. Even more disturbing is that some animal rights terrorists also subscribe to the reciprocal of that concept, arguing that human beings are entitled to no greater rights than those we give animals, justifying the endangerment of human lives in terrorist attacks on research facilities housing animals."
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DNA Science, 2008.
Looks at the discovery, relevance and controversies surrounding DNA science.
1,285 words (approx. 5.1 pages), 5 sources, APA, £ 25.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that Francis Crick and James Watson are the only names associated with the discovery of the DNA molecule; however, many scientists were involved. The author points out that the technological applications of DNA-science have led to a wide variety of advances in crop production, livestock development, forensic sciences, law enforcement, paternity testing and practically limitless therapeutic medical uses. The author then discusses the latest and most controversial DNA-based research - stem cell science. The author of the paper contends that the primary impetus for the opposition to stem cell research from religious beliefs as well as their intrusion into secular law and bioethics, represents an entanglement of church and state in violation of U.S. constitutional principles.
Table of Contents:
Introduction
Background and History of Discovery
Technological Relevance of DNA Science
Modern Applications of DNA Science
Ethical Controversies
Conclusion
From the Paper
"In addition to providing the organs themselves, stem cell technology will also revolutionize the entire organ transplant field by eliminating the need for careful screening and tissue matching, and especially, for anti-rejection drugs. Presently, organ transplantation - whether from living donors or cadavers - requires the recipient to take powerful anti-rejection medications to suppress the body's natural response to foreign tissue, usually for life. Immune-system suppression are a necessary and worthwhile consequence of foreign organ implantation, but only because the alternative is premature death."
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