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Homosexuality, 2005.
An opinion paper about the 'evils' of homosexuality.
1,557 words (approx. 6.2 pages), 5 sources, MLA, £ 36.95
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Abstract
This paper cites biblical sources with which to argue that homosexuality is sinful and is rejected by God. The writer brings in the opinions of Christianity and Judaism and argues that society needs to do away with homosexuality. Includes fully annotated bibliography.
From the Paper
"For example, scientific studies suggest some people are born with a hereditary disposition to alcoholism, but no one would argue that someone ought to fulfill these inborn urges by becoming an alcoholic. Alcoholism is not an acceptable lifestyle any more than homosexuality is. On another note, the United Church of Christ, recently addressed the world by advertising the following: "Jesus didn't turn people away; neither do we" (Letellier 931). The church is getting the word out that homosexuals are born the way they are and they (the church) embrace them. This does not follow the message of the bible."
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"Sex, Lies and Conversation", 2004.
An analysis of the essay "Sex, Lies and Conversation" written by Deborah Tannen.
1,636 words (approx. 6.5 pages), 1 source, MLA, £ 38.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses and analyzes the essay "Sex, Lies and Conversation" by Deborah Tannen. Specifically, it evaluates the essay according to several key questions, considering the background on the author and the topic, tone and genre of the essay. The paper contends that Tannen's essay clearly shows many of the differences in communication styles between men and women and explains what they mean to the very foundations of our society. The paper also claims that Tannen's essay indicates that communication is central to a solid marriage, but it is also central to just about everything important in our society, from personal relationships to business relations and far beyond.
From the Paper
"What is also interesting is how Tannen described the physical communication styles of men and women. Women tend to look at each other when they are talking, while men tend to look away from each other when they are talking. This gives the woman the feeling that a man is not listening to her when they communicate, and from this example it is easy to see why. That this communication style is also learned at a young age is clear, and it is a little bit disconcerting to see how so many communication patterns learned as children stay with us throughout our adults lives. "
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"Queer Theory" and "The Picture of Dorian Gray", 2004.
An analysis of "Queer Theory" by Annamarie Jagose and "The Picture of Dorian Gray" by Oscar Wilde.
802 words (approx. 3.2 pages), 2 sources, MLA, £ 20.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses Annamarie Jagose's book, "Queer Theory" in relation to Dorian Gray's character in "The Picture of Dorian Gray" by Oscar Wilde. The paper contends that Jagose and Wilde's discussion and portrayal of queerness reflects how this concept is associated to an almost utopian mind state, where the individual has no biases, prejudices and malicious intents in life. The paper assesses that according to these books, queerness is a state where equality and ambiguity is accepted and considered the norm.
From the Paper
"What makes the queer concept vital to the study of gays and lesbians, as well as issues of homosexuality and heterosexuality is that it provides a 'gray area' in which no distinctions between male and female and gay and lesbian are found. Queer appeals to the 20th century philosophers and social scientists simply because it offers an avenue through which gender and sex can be discussed without the political inequality often found between male and female genders and the similarly dichotomous relationship between gays and lesbians. As Jagose had asserted, the queer concept was able to transcend the "natural sexuality" framework-that is, "queer's transcendent disregard for dominant systems of gender"-that society had often used as reference in order to fully understand the identity of an individual."
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Female Circumcision and Conflict Resolution, 2005.
A research proposal which addresses the issue of female circumcision and conflict resolution.
2,578 words (approx. 10.3 pages), 6 sources, MLA, £ 55.95
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Abstract
This paper proposes to study the reasons behind the practice of female circumcision and the true magnitude of the problem. It also provides a review of the literature that deals with this issue. The paper explains that a study will then be conducted by the researcher in the African country of Kenya that will provide information relevant to the topic and what can be done to stop this practice from continuing to take place.
From the Paper
"The practice of female circumcision still goes on in Africa and other areas of the world. It is most prevalent in African countries such as Somalia, Ethiopia, Kenya, Sudan, and Yemen, among others (Djibouti, 2005). There are various reasons why this ritual circumcision takes place, and there are three different types of circumcisions that are performed, depending on the tribal laws and regulations that are accepted in a particular region. It is important here to discuss these types, why this practice still exists, what - if anything - is being done to stop it, and what can be done to change things so that the practice no longer takes place. The main point of conflict for this particular practice is that there is a debate regarding the individual rights of the women versus the tribal identity that they have."
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Effects of Homosexual Parents on Children, 2005.
A paper discussing some of the concerns expressed regarding the psycho-social development of children raised by homosexual parents.
1,996 words (approx. 8.0 pages), 7 sources, APA, £ 45.95
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Abstract
This paper takes a look at each of the psycho-social aspects of development in children and discusses whether these developmental aspects are negatively impacted when a child is raised by gay or lesbian parents. The paper concludes from the literature reviewed that children raised by homosexual parents develop emotionally, socially, and psychologically, in much the same way as children raised by heterosexual parents.
Children of Lesbian and Gay Parents
Sexual Identity
Other Aspects of Personal Development
Social Relationships
Attitudes toward Gay and Lesbian Adoptions
From the Paper
"In studies of children ranging in age from 5 to 14, results of projective testing and related interview procedures have revealed normal development of gender identity among children of lesbian mothers. More direct assessment techniques to assess gender identity have been used with the same result; all children in this study reported that they were happy with their gender, and that they had no wish to be a member of the opposite sex. There was no evidence in any of the studies of gender identity difficulties among children of lesbian mothers."
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Female Circumcision, 2005.
A research proposal for looking at the ritual practice of female circumcision.
1,695 words (approx. 6.8 pages), 5 sources, APA, £ 38.95
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Abstract
This paper presents a research proposal for examining the problem of female circumcision that still takes place in some countries. The paper looks at the conflict between the argument that female circumcision is a tribal practice that must be carried out and the argument that this is a mutilation of women's bodies that violates their individual rights. The paper also proposes to examine the reasons behind the practice, the true magnitude of the problem and a review of the literature that deals with this issue. The study attempts to shed light on the practice of female circumcision and how prevalent it actually is in many countries, as well as the dangers of it and why the practice should be stopped.
From the Paper
"The practice of female circumcision still goes on in Africa and other areas of the world. It is most prevalent in African countries such as Somalia, Ethiopia, Sudan, and Yemen, among others (Djibouti, 2005). There are various reasons why this ritual circumcision takes place, and there are three different types of circumcisions that are performed, depending on the tribal laws and regulations that are accepted in a particular region. It is important here to discuss these types, why this practice still exists, what - if anything - is being done to stop it, and what can be done to change things so that the practice no longer takes place. The main point of conflict for this particular practice is that there is a debate regarding the individual rights of the women versus the tribal identity that they have."
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Sexual Education, 2004.
An analysis of the necessity of comprehensive sexual education for adolescents.
1,790 words (approx. 7.2 pages), 5 sources, MLA, £ 40.95
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Abstract
This paper contends that current educational trends are lacking a comprehensive pedagogy for the complete sexual education of adolescents and some of the most important topics are overlooked completely. The paper states that in the development of a program to supplement or replace current sexual education providers in the community, many factors have to taken into consideration. These factors include what information is being provided by the other sources, the accuracy of the available information, what information is most important to the target age groups and what will best foster communication between teachers and students.
From the Paper
"A primary goal of any sexual education program is to debunk potentially harmful myths about sexuality. Rape myths are among the most damaging to an adolescent's ability to develop a healthy relationship with another person and with his or her own sexuality. According to John D. Foubert, in his article "Effects of a sexual assault peer education program on men's belief in rape myths" published in Sex Roles: A Journal of Research (1997), a rape myth is a "prejudicial, stereotyped, or false beliefs about rape, rape victims, and rapists," and the "endorsement of rape myths (e.g., women falsely report rape to call attention to themselves) is related to men's reported intent to rape and is higher among men who admit to rape." (Foubert 1997) Foubert's research shows that intervention lowers men's acceptance of rape myths, but within two months they return to previous acceptance levels. "This rebound effect was suggested to be due to the failure of the program to convince men of the personal relevance necessary for lasting attitude change." (Foubert 1997) Research has additionally suggested that the most effective structure for an education program dealing with rape myths is a coeducational/peer education setting."
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Business Law and Ethics, 2004.
An analysis of various issues pertaining to business law and ethics.
1,259 words (approx. 5.0 pages), 6 sources, MLA, £ 30.95
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Abstract
This paper presents several questions and answers concerning different issues of workplace discrimination. The paper examines when a disabled person can be disqualified from a job and discusses issues of age, religious and sex-based discrimination. It also distinguishes between 'quid pro quo sexual harassment' and 'hostile work environment sexual harassment'.
From the Paper
"Individuals with disease can be judged for qualifications in the same way as any other individual applying for a job. Communicable or infectious diseases are considered to constitute a disability when the disease is impairing to such a degree that it "limits one or more major life activities" (Human Resources UNC). In these cases, individuals with communicable disease should be treated like any other disability. When judging whether a disabled individual is qualified for a job, it must be determined if they can perform the specific job with reasonable accomodations. If a communicable disease does not result in disability, then the individual should be judged as a nondisabled person. Additionally, law generally "permits an employer to fail to hire, transfer, promote, or to discharge a disabled person if the person has a communicable disease which would disqualify a nondisabled person from similar employment." (Human Resources UNC) "
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Educational Technology, 2004.
An analysis of gender effects on web-based instruction in central California.
1,470 words (approx. 5.9 pages), 13 sources, MLA, £ 34.95
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Abstract
This paper seeks to determine whether there are significant differences in acceptance and use of computer and web-based instruction by male and female students generally, and in central California in particular. The paper claims that it is likely that availability of computers and extra-curricular experience with computers has an effect on the male-female dichotomy. In addition, the paper examines research that has found that contrary to expectations, higher educational level predicts not greater acceptance and use of computers, but less. The paper explains that while research to date has not explained this anomaly, it may be assumed that those who have attained higher levels of education are older and therefore were less likely to be introduced to computing as simply a fact of life.
Outline
Introduction
Literature Review
Purpose
Methodology
Results
Discussion and Conclusion
References
From the Paper
"It is reasonable to believe that the bulk of literature in the field would mirror the findings of this cross-section. Generally, it is possible to conclude that gender does have a significant affect on acceptance and use of web-based instruction. Societal expectations may be one way to explain the lower anxiety and greater interest levels of males. Although none of the research specifically addressed it, it is probably safe to conclude that males probably are offered more opportunities outside of school to become comfortable with computers, though computer games if nothing else. In less developed nations, societal expectations probably advance even more stringently that computers are more appropriate for males than for females; this could help explain the differences in computer acceptance and use in those populations."
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Gender and the Media, 2005.
A brief analysis of the media portrayal of the sexes.
916 words (approx. 3.7 pages), 4 sources, MLA, £ 23.95
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Abstract
This paper examines how the depiction of males and females in popular media is in a constant change of flux, partly based on inaccurate stereotypes and partly through the very real diversity seen in both sexes. It looks at how, throughout childhood, many influences play on the developing child's opinion of how boys and girls and men and women, should act and, in particular, the paper looks at the influence of television and sport.
From the Paper
"Babies, when born, have no inherent knowledge about how girls and boys, men and women, are "supposed to act." They learn their cultural roles from the culture around them -- their adult and older-child role models, and more and more, through the media. As one writer quoted Blum, "Nothing in biology labels behaviors as right or wrong, normal or abnormal. Any stereotypes we impose on children -- and by extension, adults -- are purely cultural, not biological" (Abels, 2002). Depiction of males and females in popular media is in a constant change of flux, partly based on inaccurate stereotype but partly reflecting the very real diversity seen in both sexes."
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Domestic Partner Discrimination, 2005.
A look at employment legislation regarding same-sex marriage (or domestic partnerships or civil unions).
2,754 words (approx. 11.0 pages), 10 sources, APA, £ 58.95
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Abstract
This paper takes a look at legislation in several states regarding same-sex marriage and argues that the current Bush administration's stance on same-sex marriages has prompted it to attempt to legislate against equal employment rights-health care, pensions and so on-for all citizens.
From the Paper
"One might almost view the current situation in employment legislation regarding same-sex marriage (or domestic partnerships or civil unions) as a mirror of the 2004 presidential election returns map. Generally speaking, the 'blue' states are working, however slowly and in whatever sort of patchwork, to extend employment benefits to domestic partners, the same ones enjoyed by partners in traditional marriages. The 'red' states are generally enacting legislation that not only disenfranchises those partnerships from employee benefits-insurance and pension plans-but also arguably are creating de facto or de jure government-authorized discrimination against those whose living and romantic arrangements with another human being were not recognized by a church or a government. Of course, some churches do recognize domestic partnerships; to prevent this recognition from affecting the course of various civil rights, many states have failed to recognize what those churches recognize."
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Language and Sexism, 2004.
An analysis of language's role in sustaining inequality between the sexes.
2,975 words (approx. 11.9 pages), 7 sources, MLA, £ 62.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the role played by language in sexism. The paper examines whether language is the cause of sexism or whether sexism causes certain language. The paper contends that this might be impossible to distinguish, but assesses that language clearly plays a key role in perpetuating sexism and inequality between men and women. The paper claims that sexist language reveals the gender-bias that is pervasive in society. Sexist language takes many forms. From gender-related words used as insults or compliments to the sexualizing of previously gender-neutral words, the paper presents a myriad of examples of how the English language helps foster a chauvinistic society. The paper explores how the normalization of the male and reliance on masculine pronouns and nouns marginalizes the existence of women in society.
From the Paper
"Gender-based words also play a role in maintaining sexual inequality when used in an insulting manner. For example, some of the most pejorative insults in the English language consist of calling a person a derogatory term for a vagina. Not only is the "p" word one of the ultimate insults that a person can levy towards a man, it has also become synonymous with an absolute lack of courage. Given that women use their vaginas to bring forth life, in what is almost universally recognized as an extremely painful process, the fact that a euphemism for the word "vagina" has become synonymous with the word "coward" indicates how language helps perpetuate sexual inequality."
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Human Sexuality, 2005.
This paper discusses human sexuality throughout history.
3,000 words (approx. 12.0 pages), 6 sources, MLA, £ 63.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that, having been used as a means of control, a form of art or science and as a means of demonstrating a statement of right, such as the Flappers of the 1920's,, sexuality has had a significant role in human history. The author points out that one of the oldest forms of religious worship may have been the Phallic Cult-Object; in many of the ancient cultures irrespective of their location, sex was very often a focal point in activities as presented in epic narratives. The paper relates that a careful study of medieval history shows that the feudal society, especially under the control of the Albigensian heretics during the eleventh to thirteenth centuries, was barbarian and quite chaotic, full of murder, rape, massacre and cruelty; knights in shining armor were simply thugs and rapists with the sexual aim of trying to sleep with a married woman by seducing her.
From the Paper
"The problem with this was that in the event of a rape it was also believed that a woman could not fall pregnant unless she had been a willing partner to the act. Till now, all that has been studied is still not conclusive evidence of any side of the consideration. The Church would have played a role in prevent sexual pleasures to women and the theory on conception would have provided the support to sexual pleasure. Looking ahead at what Chaucer's "Canterbury Tales" tells us may give us a better opportunity to confirm whether women did enjoy sex in the Middle Ages or not, though the literary source is that of a man as was the case in those days. The "Wife of Bath" turns out to be an earthy and sensual woman, who wanted that sexual pleasures be a part of her marriages. Many of the tales in the book do give a clear picture of sexual adventures and with both the men and women having a good time."
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Women in Corporate Professions, 2005.
Examines the challenges faced by women in the business world.
2,040 words (approx. 8.2 pages), 13 sources, MLA, £ 45.95
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Abstract
The American workforce is increasingly reflecting the changing American demographic. "Minorities" like women and people of color are occupying more management and leadership positions in the business world and corporate America. Their presence has begun to trigger changes in how companies are managed and in the broader areas of corporate culture.
However, in many ways, women in business continue to face unique problems because of their gender. This paper discusses how these difficulties continue to form barriers for women in the business world. The effects of gender stereotypes and expectations can be seen in virtually all aspects of employment - from hiring practices to wages, from chances for advancement to retirement benefits. This paper examines how factors like unequal pay and a male-dominated corporate culture help to ensure that the American corporate world remains largely an enclave of men.
Paper Outline:
Unfair Hiring and Advancement Practices
Gender Wage Gap
Male Corporate Culture
Sexual Harassment
Retirement
Conclusion
Works Cited
From the Paper
"In a study designed to examine double standards in the hiring process due to gender, researchers found that women faced a double set of expectations. First, they had to be able to perform competently and exhibit typical masculine qualities such as "assertiveness." However, particularly when vying for high-status jobs, women are also expected to demonstrate "feminine" traits like empathy and tact. The women who did not have these so-called "feminine" traits were considered less suitable for employment. However, male applicants were not judged based on the presence or absence of these "feminine" traits (SooHoo)."
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