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Children and Prostitution, 2005.
A discussion on how abused children are more likely to turn to a life of prostitution.
6,320 words (approx. 25.3 pages), 37 sources, MLA, £ 105.95
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Abstract
This paper traces the history of prostitution from ancient Greece until modern day Asia. It links child abuse to the prostitution of young women and shows the role of the media in this phenomena.
Outline
Introduction
Prostitution Through the Ages
Prostitution in the Byzantine Holy Land
Prostitution in the Middle Ages
Prostitution in the 19th Century
Child Prostitution in the United States in the Twentieth Century
What is Paedophilia and How is it related to Child Abuse
Why Do Pedophiles Flock To Asia?
The Media and Child Prostitution
Girls of the Night
Conclusion
Bibliography and References
From the Paper
"From those early references we can believe that societies beliefs about the rights of children were considerably different than our own. In fact, the only children that were held in any regard were the legal sons of citizens and aristocrats. Free men living at the brink of poverty often sold their excess children in prostitution. In Ancient Greece, excess female babies were abandoned and then usually collected by prostitutes and pimps so they could be trained into the life as early as possible."
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Controversy in Artistic Expression, 2005.
Examines the controversial works of photographers Sally Mann and Andres Serrano.
1,390 words (approx. 5.6 pages), 5 sources, MLA, £ 33.95
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Abstract
Art that provokes a passionate response could be considered the "best" art, because whether the emotions it stirs up are positive or negative, their intensity is profoundly connected to the depth of visual expression the artist is able to convey. Unfortunately, those who are offended by certain works of art fail to see the matter from this perspective. The paper argues that, fortunately (and quite ironically) those who attempt to censor "offensive" expressions are generally the ones that bring an artist the greatest attention. This has undoubtedly been the case for controversial photographers such as Sally Mann and Andres Serrano. The paper looks at Serrano's "Piss Christ" and Mann's photographs which depict nude and battered children.
From the Paper
"Mann's most familiar, and controversial imagery focuses on the lives of her three children. They are depictions of innocence about to be shattered by the intrusion of the adult world with its lies, violence, and corruption. They are not intended to arouse the viewer sexually but to arouse thought provoking introspection regarding the pain of growing up."
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Women's Status Across Cultures, 2006.
A paper examining problems in communication between the genders as a cultural issue.
1,589 words (approx. 6.4 pages), 11 sources, MLA, £ 36.95
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Abstract
This paper begins by highlighting the primary role played by communication in gender issues throughout the world and points up the variations within cultures. The paper then describes some salient elements of intercultural communication in order to illustrate how gender communication is a form of intercultural communications. Finally, the paper makes recommendations on how to develop effective intercultural communication skills to the situation of variations of women across cultures.
From the Paper
"There are two assumptions from communication theory (both classical and contemporary theories) that help situate one's overview on gender and communication. First, communication is epistemic. That is to say, communication is the medium by which one comes to know things (it has been argued that absolute truth was inaccessible to humans; hence, truth had to be established by human standards. Similarly, contemporary rhetorical theorists argue that truth is socially constructed through language and other symbol systems)."
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"Bananas, Beaches, Bases", 2006.
An analysis of Cynthia Enloe's "Bananas, Beaches, Bases: Making Feminist Sense of International Politics".
2,154 words (approx. 8.6 pages), 0 sources, £ 48.95
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Abstract
This paper examines Enloe's writing in which she presents a feminist view of international politics. She argues that its landscape, typically thought of as a masculine sphere of life, in reality is less exclusively male. To support that view, she defines the international as personal and goes beyond the traditional formulation of masculinized international politics. It shows how Enloe argues that men in foreign relations depend on the artificial construction of femininity and masculinity as well as on the artificial division between domestic and public realms.
From the Paper
"Consequently, to "make sense of international politics," one needs to look beyond the male dominated sphere of officials who make foreign policy. Assuming that "the personal is international" only enlarges "the audience," according to Enloe, but it does not change "what is going on the stage." She argues for a new, radical view "of what it takes for governments to ally with each other, compete with each other and wage war against each other." To fully understand this feminist view of international politics, one needs to read backward "the personal is international" as "the international is personal" (196). That in turn reveals that governments depend upon certain kinds of allegedly private relationships in order to conduct their foreign affairs. Governments need more than secrecy and intelligence agencies; they need wives who are willing to provide their diplomatic husbands with unpaid services so those men can develop trusting relationships with other diplomatic husbands. They need not only military hardware, but a steady supply of women's sexual services to convince their soldiers that they are manly. To operate in the international arena, governments seek other governments' recognition of their sovereignty; but they also depend on ideas about masculinized dignity and feminized sacrifice to sustain that sense of autonomous nationhood (196-197)."
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Affirmative Action Laws, 2006.
A discussion on whether affirmative action laws apply to police officers.
3,378 words (approx. 13.5 pages), 12 sources, MLA, £ 68.95
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Abstract
This paper examines how women and minorities have a long history in law enforcement and how, despite this, they continue to struggle for equality. It looks at how affirmative action has been found to be extremely helpful in this struggle and how it has become a legal avenue for fighting discrimination. It also examines the debate on whether affirmative action policies should be repealed and contends that affirmative action laws remain solidly in place, to prevent unfair hiring practices from once again becoming an acceptable norm.
Outline
Introduction
Background
Destroying the Myths
Racial Issues
Gender Issues
Conclusion
From the Paper
"The difficulties did not just lie in the structure of society, however, but in the structure of the laws themselves. For instance, these laws usually centered solely on issues of formal rights (such as the right to vote) that were particularly susceptible to judicial or statutory resolution. The problem with this was that formal litigation-related strategies are often dependent upon hard, factual evidence; They neglected to take into account the more subtle forms of prejudice and discrimination which cannot be proven with a "smoking gun". Because of the blurred lines associated with discrimination, many employers were reluctant to risk litigation and therefore felt safer sticking with an all white, all male work population. It was for this reason the introduction of affirmative action was necessary."
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Rape in America, 2006.
An examination of the violent trend of rape in America and why it is on the rise.
2,231 words (approx. 8.9 pages), 8 sources, APA, £ 49.95
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Abstract
This paper states that given that less than half of all reported rapes are successfully prosecuted, not to mention the untold number of rapes never reported at all, it is obvious that society's rapists feel somewhat secure in their ambition to cause physical and certainly sexual harm to their victims. This paper examines who the rapists are and, to some degree, their motivations. It also discusses the violence-prone American society, and some of the literature which is available on the subject.
Outline
Introduction
Who are the Rapists? Who are the Victims?
Current Literature
New Research and Rape Information
Conclusion
From the Paper
"There is another specter looming over research and statistics about rape: AIDS. There are no conclusive figures, and no research that has yet reached the public concerning the transmittal of AIDS from an assailant (who may have raped before). Of course, current studies show that AIDS is on the increase among teen-agers, especially homosexual teen-agers who practice unsafe sex, which means that, in general, this "It can't affect me!" attitude is just as prevalent among straight teens. There are no books currently available which stress the connection between rape and AIDS, although many police departments, when they collect physical evidence often do an AIDS test."
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Same-Sex Marriage, 2005.
This paper argues that same-sex marriages should be legalized.
2,000 words (approx. 8.0 pages), 4 sources, MLA, £ 45.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that the proponents of same-sex marriage believe that gays and lesbians are being systematically denied their civil rights; but, on the other hand, opponents of same-sex marriage see gay and lesbian unions as a threat to the idea of "traditional" marriage: Both sides argue that the government has a duty to protect and enforce marriage laws. The author supports same-sex marriage by citing the Bill of Rights, which guarantees the freedom of association and the right to privacy. The paper refutes arguments many opponents of gay marriage use as a means of challenging the idea of same-sex marriage: (1) Religion, (2) homosexuality is unnatural, (3) defies the historical definition of marriage and (4) harmful to children.
From the Paper
"Many opponents of gay marriage use religion as a means of challenging the idea of same-sex marriage. This paper will not spend much time addressing the religious issues surrounding the idea of same-sex marriage. The United States Constitution guarantees religious freedom and separation of church and state. Therefore, whether one personally agrees or disagrees with a religion that condemns homosexuality, members of that religion are free to practice their beliefs. However, the Establishment Clause of the First Amendment makes it abundantly clear that religious groups are constitutionally prohibited from legislating based on religion. The religious argument may be the most vehemently argued one, but it is the most easily dismissed because of the guarantees of the United States Constitution."
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Cognitive Differences Between Men and Women, 2005.
Examines the theory that men and women think differently from one another.
980 words (approx. 3.9 pages), 4 sources, MLA, £ 24.95
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Abstract
While external physical differences of men and women are largely accepted throughout contemporary society, more inward differences are often hotly contested. One of the most often studied of these differences surrounds the ways that the respective genders think. This paper examines research which delves into these differences. The paper concludes that ultimately, regardless of the ways that men and women think differently, and regardless of the reasons for these differences, society must examine the philosophical implications of the differences and decide whether it is worth the effort to minimize the impact that the differences have on gender roles across greater society.
From the Paper
"Still, while it is obvious that there are differences in the ways that men and women think, questions also remain about which factors attribute to these differences. Some researchers indicate that these differences are due to nature, while others blame education, and still others are convinced that the differences are the result of free choice."
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Legalizing Gay Marriage, 2006.
A paper examining the issue of gay marriages and whether they should be legalized because not doing so would deny homosexuals their basic civil rights.
3,184 words (approx. 12.7 pages), 10 sources, MLA, £ 65.95
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Abstract
This paper is a study for understanding whether there is a need to legalize gay marriages. The paper is divided into three sections arguing three thesis statements. The first thesis statement argues that marriage is a civil right of every individual, as it is essential for the emotional well-being of individuals and denying it to the gay community is discriminatory. Hence, the study begins with a discussion of the argument that denying the civil rights of marriage is discriminatory. The second thesis statement asserts that gays are denied the rights which are associated with marriage and that denying these rights is a violation of their civil rights and therefore a need exists to legalize gay marriages. By way of this thesis statement, the paper offers an understanding as to the rights which are associated with marriage but which are denied to gay couples and discusses whether there is a need to legalize gay marriages taking this perspective into consideration. The third thesis statement argues that legalizing gay marriage is necessary for the security and well-being of the children that gay couples are caring for. Herein, the paper attempts to analyze whether children of gay couples would entail the security required if gay marriages are legalized. Thus, on the basis of the above three thesis statements, the paper tries to formulate an understanding of whether denying marriage to homosexual couples leads to denial of civil rights to the gay community and whether there is a need to legalize gay marriages.
Table of Contents
Introduction
First Thesis Statement
Second Thesis Statement
Third Thesis Statement
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Whether the US community is prepared to permit people to marry without the consideration of gender is gaining our notice daily. Religion and civil marriage are two clearly different entities. Certainly this is completely fitting. Certainly, the state must not have the right to order for whom religious organization might carry out marriage services --- akin to the fact that religions institutions must not set terms regarding who might get a license for civil marriage from the state. Latest census data show that the number of faithful same-sex couples in the US has been mounting, as also the number of same-sex couple's upbringing children. Accordingly recognition in the eyes of law is crucial to safeguarding the emotional and financial health of these families. Besides, legal approval should be on a same footing with that of heterosexual marriage ---'separate but equal' is by no means equal."
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Woman's Rights Movements, 2005.
This paper discusses woman's rights movements in the United States.
3,145 words (approx. 12.6 pages), 6 sources, MLA, £ 65.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that, over the last 150 years ago, the past seven generations in the United States have witnessed an extraordinary movement by women to attain full civil rights resulting in dramatic social and legal accomplishments. The author details the history of the women suffrage movement leading up to the passage of the female enfranchisement amendment of the United States Constitution. The paper continues to tell about post-suffrage movements such as Margaret Sanger and the Birth Control Movement and the second wave of activism in the 1960s, which led to the Equal Rights Amendment passage in 1972.
From the Paper
"Unlike the NWSA, the American Woman Suffrage Association (AWSA) consisted of both women and men. Lucy Stone with the aid of her husband Henry Blackwell, Mary Livermore, Julia Ward Howe, Henry Ward Beecher, and others led it. AWSA endorsed the Fifteenth Amendment while still working for woman suffrage. While the AWSA supported the federal amendment for female enfranchisement, it focused more on developing grass roots support for woman suffrage by forming state level organizations and working through its publication, the "Woman's Journal". They tried to make woman suffrage and other feminist reforms seem less radical and consistent with widely shared American values."
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Sexuality and Aging, 2006.
A look at the common issues and concerns of the aging population regarding the topic of sexuality.
1,055 words (approx. 4.2 pages), 7 sources, APA, £ 26.95
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Abstract
This paper describes some of the key concerns regarding sexuality and aging, including misconceptions about sexuality and aging as well as the problems with sexuality that members of the aging population sometimes face. It also looks at solutions, treatments and techniques that can be applied to help address some of those problems.
From the Paper
"Sexuality is a key part of human existence. However, when most people think of sexuality, they tend to ignore the fact that as one ages, there can be many issues surrounding the psychological, as well as physical aspects of sexual performance and experience. Unfortunately, is it common for lay people and physicians to gloss over or ignore the issues surrounding sexuality in the older population, yet it is a very important aspect of life. Although more research is being conducted into sexual dysfunction in advancing age populations, especially as the "Baby Boom" generation enters its twilight years, there is significantly more research as well as general attention that must be devoted to the issue."
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Aging and Attitude, 2005.
Examines women's attitudes towards aging in America.
1,876 words (approx. 7.5 pages), 3 sources, MLA, £ 43.95
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Abstract
This paper examines the attitudes and preconceived beliefs toward aging in America, specifically the attitudes of women toward aging. The paper focuses on the effects of aging and the different attitudes of men and women.
Paper Outline:
Objective
Aging in General
Women
The Social Network
Summary and Conclusion
From the Paper
"A poll conducted by Brandeis University National Center found that there is a link between a woman's attitude toward aging and working longer. A job that stimulates the mind and also keeps one physically mobile will certainly promote a longer life. However a job that is overly stressful may very well make one sick and produce opposite effects from those experienced by a job that is non-stressful in nature."
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Same Sex Marriage Laws, 2006.
A paper arguing that a policy that would legalize gay marriages would threaten the future of America's families and children.
5,677 words (approx. 22.7 pages), 21 sources, MLA, £ 98.95
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Abstract
This paper attempts to show objectively that gay marriage is bad for children and unsuited for procreation and to propose solutions which maximize the chances that children will only be raised in families in which they will be encouraged to follow proper gender roles and procreate upon reaching adulthood.
From the Paper
"Gay marriage, or homogamy, is not precisely a modern phenomena. There is some evidence that ancient liturgies for same-gender marriage-like rituals existed among sects of the early church, and remains a rite of the Eastern Orthodox Church. (Pharsea) In ancient times other instances of same-gender marriage were also known in Rome and Greece, and among many tribal groups world wide. Of course, polygamy and even polyandry have also arisen frequently in our human history, and yet few people in civilized countries today argue for their continued existence, though there are some, among certain fundamentalist Mormons, Christians, and Muslims! However, homogamy has recently been strongly supported by many activists, and has succeeded in gaining ground in many countries. In 2001, the Netherlands allowed same-gender couples to access full marriage rights. In 2003, Belgium also opened up the definition of marriage to include homosexual couples. Today, many countries in the EU either allow for same-gender marriage within their borders, or recognize the validity of foriegn homogamous marriages, or at least have some same-gender equivalent to marriage such as civil unions. For example, "in France, registered same-sex (and opposite-sex) couples can be joined in a civil 'solidarity pact' that grants them the right to file joint tax returns, extend their social security coverage to each other and receive the same health, employment and welfare benefits as legal spouses. It also commits the couple to assume joint responsibility for household debts." (HRC, "Where can same-sex couples marry today?" These are some of the main "rights" which homosexuals desire from federal recognition of their unions. They are increasingly receiving them. Recently, Canada also granted marriage rights to same-sex couples, as did America's own Massachusetts. Constant battles are being waged in the courts and legislature across the country regarding the definition of marriage."
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Same-Sex Adoption, 2005.
Shows through a literature research that adoption by a same-sex couple should be encouraged.
1,755 words (approx. 7.0 pages), 5 sources, MLA, £ 40.95
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Abstract
The subject of same-sex marriages and same-sex adoption are very hot topics these days. The author of this paper argues that same-sex couples are just as qualified to be parents as are heterosexual couples when it comes to adopting children. The author argues that same-sex couples are looked upon as being different from the norm of society and they are being unjustly judged by their sexuality and not their ability to love and care for a child. Does sexuality determine if we are good enough to care for a child? The paper shows that same-sex couples have the ability to raise a child and to educate them as well as anybody else. If they have good jobs and are able to provide an excellent life for a child then why would they be considered unfit to be able to adopt children? This idea has been supported by some state legislatures as well as the American Academy of Pediatrics. The paper concludes that same sex-couples have just as much right to adopt children as anybody else.
Paper Outline:
Abstract
Introduction
Review of Literature
Implications of the Findings
Recommendations
Conclusion
Bibliography
From the Paper
"It is widely felt that children who have two parents in the family, whatever their age, sex or relationship, do better than a child who has just one parent (4). The AAP's policy statement is consistent with positions on same-sex issues already adopted by APA and the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry (AACAP). Both organizations believe that there is no evidence to suggest that gay or lesbian parents are any better or worse when it comes to parenting skills. There is also not data that supports the conservatives' issue that children who are raised by homosexual parents are more unstable emotionally, or have more developmental problems than children raised in traditional heterosexual families."
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