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The New Boards of Directors, 2006.
Examines how company boards of directors have changed their perspectives and management systems after the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
2,224 words (approx. 8.9 pages), 5 sources, MLA, £ 49.95
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Abstract
Today's boards of directors are driven by far-reaching regulatory reforms and increased corporate expectations, as a result of the Sarbanes-Oxley legislation. Consequently, many feel an ever-growing need for orientation, education and evaluation. This paper shows that corporate directors are currently trying to gain the hands-on knowledge required to become more valuable professionals in the boardroom, with the help of general counsels, financial executives, HR representatives or corporate secretaries. The paper shows that ethics is a very important part of their change, since enforcing business morality is the main objective behind the Sarbanes-Oxley act.
From the Paper
"It would have been difficult for the SEC to implement and supervise the application of the new legislation all by itself. Usually, when a law doesn't make sense and is inappropriate for the current economic or social environment, it is simply rejected by the people who should apply it. The proof that the Sarbanes Oxley act is an example of a good piece of legislation is the fact that, since the act has passed through congress, other organizations have decided to join this movement in order to increase the accountability for board members and make sure that their skills and experiences match the tasks for which they are held responsible."
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Euthanasia, 2005.
This paper discusses euthanasia as the right to die.
1,460 words (approx. 5.8 pages), 5 sources, APA, £ 34.95
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Abstract
This paper argues that physician-assisted suicide (PAS) should be legal, because it is morally and ethically allowable for a doctor to provide the assistance to a terminally-ill patient to end his or her own life, allowing them the right to determine when and how his or her life should be terminated when that patient is dying from an incurable or debilitating illness. The author points out that the person in question is going to die from the disease and should be the sole determiner of when to end his or her suffering even if it is contrary to the moral or religious viewpoints of family members, doctors or other caregivers. The paper stresses that death in this manner gives the person the opportunity to die with dignity and perhaps even discover the meaning of one's life.
Table of Contents
Introduction
Types of Euthanasia
Physician-Assisted Suicide
Death and Dying
Dying Should Be Seen as a Time of Growth
Conclusion
From the Paper
"When a doctor becomes involved in the premature death of a patient, this is known as physician-assisted suicide which provides the patient with the dignity to die as painlessly as possible and with a sense of personal contentment. In most cases, the patient that requests PAS is not suffering from any mental condition which means that he/she is of sound mind. This greatly aids the attending physician, for it makes it clear that the patient should be given the right to die with dignity when that patient is afflicted with an incurable disease, such as certain types of cancer, Parkinson's or Alzheimer's diseases."
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Sun Tsu and Machiavelli, 2006.
This paper analyzes how the historic views and opinions of Italian philosopher Niccolo Machiavelli and Chinese author Sun Tsu are both relevant and necessary in today's business world.
1,202 words (approx. 4.8 pages), 3 sources, MLA, £ 29.95
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Abstract
The writer of this paper details how the necessity of strategy has made Sun Tsu and Machiavelli extremely popular subjects in business classes around the country. This paper examines the principles and strategic views of both Sun Tsu and Machiavelli while discussing their relevance in today's business world. This paper explores the various reasons both Machiavelli and Sun Tsu have been criticized for their ruthlessness. The writer delves into the issue of ethics and morality as a tactical strategy as detailed in Machiavelli's "The Prince" which is often read as a purely strategic text. The writer contends and explains why business is war and that the tactics of warfare and diplomacy make good business. This paper details the five governing factors that must be taken into account in both warfare and business as dictated in Sun Tsu's "The Art of War." This paper analyzes how the Coca Cola Corporation successfully applied Sun Tsu's "Stratagem of Sowing Discord" in a campaign to outsell Pepsi Corp.
From the Paper
"This stress on morality as well as tactical strategy may seem antithetical to Machiavelli's advice to The Prince, which is often read as a purely strategic text. But both leaders counsel not higher aims, but what is tactically practical, and having a rallying cause is necessary to inspire the troops, ad well as to know one's enemy. Both leaders also give advice as to how to win over different nations, and stress the need to stay in power, as well as to purely acquire power. And Machiavelli notes, it "cannot be called talent to slay fellow-citizens, to deceive friends, to be without faith, without mercy, without religion; such methods may gain empire," in the short run, "but not glory," and long-lasting security for the ruler."
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"The House Behind the Cedars", 2006.
This paper reviews Charles Chesnutt's 1900 novel, "The House Behind the Cedars," which focuses on a form of social deception known as 'passing.'
933 words (approx. 3.7 pages), 1 source, MLA, £ 23.95
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Abstract
The writer of this paper analyzes the character of African-American Rena in Chesnutt's novel, who is able to 'pass' herself off as white. Given the ethical circumstances of duress under which the heroine lives, the writer contends and explains why Rena's actions may be justified. This paper discusses early 20th southern society in America, which made a fetish of racial distinction. This paper details the plot and main characters of Chesnutt's novel, while focusing on the issue of 'passing' and how easy it is to misconstrue one's race. This book makes a powerful case against the practice of passing, which are detailed in this paper. The writer delves into the ethical ramifications of passing in a racist society and explains why Rena denied a fundamental part of herself by pretending to be white.
From the Paper
"When Rena learns of the transience of George's affections and she falls ill. However, Rena recovers and vows goes on to work toward uplifting her race, although she dies at the end of the text, perhaps in a nod to the author's acknowledgement to the common cultural trope of the 'tragic mulatto.' But Rena is not condemned because she engages in 'passing' The House Behind the Cedars makes a powerful case against 'passing,' but not because it is unethical. Passing is not wrong ethically or morally in a racist society, and race itself is a fluid category. But by not identifying with her parentage heritage fully, Rena denies a fundamental part of herself and becomes tied to a man who is not worthy of her."
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Aesthetics and Ethics, 2006.
Examines the aesthetic value of forged art and the ethics surrounding this issue.
2,392 words (approx. 9.6 pages), 5 sources, MLA, £ 52.95
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Abstract
When discussing the philosophy of art, the issue of forgeries is a standard component. Oftentimes this component includes the component of whether or not forgeries have any sort of aesthetic merit. A work of art, forged or not, could have some element of beauty, and therefore have some aesthetic value. This paper questions whether the knowledge that it is a forgery detracts from this value and whether the fact that a piece of art is a forgery immediately removes it from aesthetic consideration. The paper also questions in what ways forgeries and fakes are detrimental to the art market and whether fakes and forgeries offer any intrinsic benefits for the market.
Paper Outline:
Introduction
Aesthetics Defined
Ethics Defined
Does Forgery Affect the Aesthetic Value of a Piece of Visual Artwork?
Forgeries and Their Effect on the Art Market
Conclusion
References
From the Paper
"A forgery is typically created to attribute a piece of artwork to a person who did not create it, in hopes of making money. The primary fault with forgeries is that they not only misrepresent the piece of art's origin, but also misrepresent the achievement of the artist's performance (Dutton, 1979). It is not that the forgery artist's work is not worthy of aesthetic value, it indeed may be as in the case of van Meegeren, however the level of achievement must be adjusted for the individual challenges, or lack of challenges, that that particular artist faced in the creation of the forgery, to determine its value."
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Monogamy: Marriage for our Times, 2006.
This paper explores the institution of marriage by focusing on the practices of both monogamy and polygamy.
722 words (approx. 2.9 pages), 3 sources, MLA, £ 18.95
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Abstract
This paper defines monogamy as the condition, rule or custom of being married to only one person at a time. Polygamy is the practice of a man married to more than one woman at the same time, which has been practiced by some followers of the Mormon faith. The writer of this, brief yet concise, paper contends and explains why monogamy is the accepted marital practice and should remain as such. Monogamy provides a more stable atmosphere for raising children and it provides stability for adults as well. This paper discusses the moral and religious arguments in favor of monogamy. Western religious teachings have long supported the idea of monogamy as does most of contemporary Western civilization. This paper examines the practices of the Mormon religion that permit polygamy. The writer also touches on the various cultures and civilizations that have practiced polygamy in America.
From the Paper
"Polygamy, or a man married to more than one woman at the same time, has been practiced in America, most notably by the Mormons in Utah. However, other groups, such as several Native American tribes, also practiced polygamy. The Mormons polygamous practices became known about the mid-1800s, and shocked most Americans. Mormon polygamy was outlawed in 1882. Some people believed polygamy was a religious issue, and it was not condoned by Christians. Others believe that many Christians did not condone polygamy because they associated it with the savagery of the Natives. Thus, polygamy has been practiced in our country, but it has never survived or thrived, and that is as it should be. There are many reasons why monogamy is the accepted practice in the United States, and many reasons why it should remain the only acceptable system of marriage."
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E-Commerce and Marketing, 2006.
This paper examines the various methods of electronic commerce and marketing while also discussing the ethical and legals aspects of operating an online business.
1,371 words (approx. 5.5 pages), 4 sources, MLA, £ 32.95
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Abstract
This paper focuses on two particular forms of e-commerce, which consist of: Business-to-business, B2B, and business-to-consumer, B2C. This paper defines the B2B method as a group that incorporates all applications proposed to facilitate or develop the association within the firms and between two or more companies. The B2C method is a more prominent area and largely entails the retailing of electronic software and equipment over the internet. This paper discusses the risks surrounding e-commerce, which include issues of security and privacy as well as the strategies and measures available to reduce the risk of online fraud and theft. The writer of this paper also delves into the legal and ethical aspects of e-commerce and marketing. The writer contends and explains why it is imperative from both an ethical and legal standpoint to ensure that the written words and what are represented about either the B2B or B2C company are factual.
From the Paper
"The legal and ethical confinements in a society are pushed to the maximum and the way the attitude pervades those around us that if there are no rules against something then it is right to do, then it is worth knowing the reason behind considering the ethical issues over the Web, as it influences the user personally. The Internet is a growing and a persistently evolving element that will live on in perpetuity. Whatever mentioned and appeared online will exist there forever. Think of the billions upon billions of text information pages that those are and will be preserved for a long time. There exist some sites where it is possible to turn back and search out archives of other websites and notice pages those were generated at the initiation of their infancy. Moreover, the video, films, movies and audio in several application formats are also possible viewed."
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Terri Schiavo Case Study, 2003.
This paper examines the controversial issue of euthanasia in the Terri Schiavo case.
1,403 words (approx. 5.6 pages), 5 sources, MLA, £ 33.95
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Abstract
This paper analyzes the social, political, legal and ethical aspects of euthanasia, while focusing on the case of Terri Schiavo, who was kept alive on life support machines, in a vegetative state, for over 10 years. This paper examines the issues surrounding Schiavo's trial and appellate courts which repeatedly found that the feeding tube should be removed from Terri, as per her husband's request. This paper delves into the family feud in which Schiavo's husband Michael and her parents had differing views regarding Terri's wishes of either wanting to live in a vegetative state or not. This paper touches on the religious and moral issue of euthanasia as well as the political view which came into play in Terri's case, in which politicians were continually expressing their views, in the media. The writer of this paper discusses the administrative aspects surrounding this particular case as well as the issue of advance directives, in this case being a living will.
Table of Contents:
Legal Aspects
Ethical Aspects
Sociological Aspects
Political Aspects
Administrative Aspects
From the Paper
"The case of Terri Schiavo is part of a battle, far larger than we can ever imagine. This battle is tearing apart much of the social fabric of the West. Society has acted in different ways in reaction to this case. There have been people that are willing to give much of themselves to help with the situation. These individuals seem to be more on Terri's parent's side, wanting Terri to live. On the other hand, there have been people on the husband's side, as well, believing that Terri should not live that way and that her devices that supply her body with food and water should be taken out. This dilemma has caused much debate among our society and will continue to, if a clear cut method is not devised."
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The Meaning of Work, 2006.
This in-depth paper analyzes the definition regarding the true meaning of work and its impact on business, as perceived by various social scientists.
3,992 words (approx. 16.0 pages), 11 sources, MLA, £ 77.95
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Abstract
The writer of this paper attempts to define the true meaning of work while questioning whether or not people actually value their work or if they're in fact averse to it. The writer contends and explains why the concept of 'meaning of work' refers to the effectiveness of an enterprise as well as a sense of significance in a larger structure. This paper analyzes the pivotal role of work in comparison to leisure, community, religion and family activities. This paper details the views and perceptions of various social scientists, in American and around the world, regarding this specific topic. This paper delves into the elaborate research of William Whitely regarding work values in England, the Netherlands, Belgium, Germany, Yugoslavia, the U.S., Japan and Israel. This paper discusses an analysis by Alexandre Ardichvili which indicates one of the first attempts to explore the meaning of working in countries that move from centrally planned to market driven economies. This paper also examines the Meaning of Work (MOW) Study as well as its results, which gathered proof relating to the manner in which cultural, societal and individual factors form the work ethic. The MOW International Research Team has created a work centrality index that prioritizes the responses from people in different nations in terms of their commitment to work and the magnitude of their identity with their work, which is detailed in this paper.
From the Paper
"Allocating responsibility, building a varied and interesting work environment and particularly permitting autonomy all supplemented considerably to enhanced level of work centrality. Neither, positive work incidents like enhancement in salary and working environment along with developed interpersonal associations not negative work incidents like elimination of employment and extended unemployment result in individual work centrality. The life incident of marriage did not influence work centrality of men or women. The pregnancy and birth gives rise to the decline of absolute work centrality among women like that in 1993 work centrality was considerably lower among women those experienced childbirth, in contrast to those who did not."
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European Business Topics, 2005.
This paper compares European managers and business scandal to the U.S. and discusses the Norwegian consumer.
1,905 words (approx. 7.6 pages), 3 sources, APA, £ 43.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that the styles of professional managers are impacted by their culture as demonstrated by Euro-managers interest in a historical perspective, unlike the three-five year viewpoint of U.S. managers. The author points out that the Italian Parmalat scandal and the U.S. Enron scandal have highlighted similar national problems regarding the regulation of financing and accounting. The paper relates that the Norwegian consumer is more frugal in his consumption patterns but more willing to endure higher levels of taxation than his or her American counterparts; however, compared with their grandparents, the current generation of Norwegians, now exposed to the E.U. economy, are richer in material terms than their past generation.
Table of Contents
The Euro-Managers
The Italian Parmalat Business Scandal
The Norwegian Consumer as the Euro-Consumer
From the Paper
"However, as with Enron, questions are flying about what the auditors were doing while such a massive fraud was being perpetrated under their noses and about the banks that advised the company. However, although Deloitte & Touche had been the group auditor since 1999, Italian rules forced a rotation of auditors making it more difficult for auditors to keep a careful eye on corporate inner workings-yet another rule that may be in need of supervision and correction by the government. Greater openness in business, and more scrupulous regulation of 'private' business dealings of long-standing companies (as opposed to the new wealth of Enron) were all highlighted in the scandal."
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Animal Rights, 2005.
Examines personal and ethical decisions which we need to make regarding animals.
1,131 words (approx. 4.5 pages), 3 sources, MLA, £ 28.95
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Abstract
Just as each person has the responsibility to determine how they will live their lives so as to be most moral towards their fellow humans, each person must also determine how they can live so that they are moral towards their fellow animals. The paper shows that the main areas in which one must make decisions about personal morality are those regarding the eating of animals and using their bodies for pleasure and profit, the use of animals for experimentation, and the appropriate way to live with animals who are our companions. The paper shows that in each of these areas, it is necessary to take into consideration the facts of the case in each area and balance the pain and suffering they entail with one's own self-interest.
From the Paper
"However, most animals who are eaten today are not killed in a humane way. The movie "Meet your Meat," narrated by Alec Baldwin, describes the way in which animals are raised and butchered. They show cows still alive, strung up by their hind legs screaming as their throats were cut, or dunked in boiling water while still alive. In one clip, a half-slaughtered pig broke one of his own legs trying to get free, slipping and sliding on blood as he tried to escape the slaughter house. Chickens and pigs are kept in terrible conditions while alive."
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Euthanasia, 2005.
This paper argues that in this modern society everyone has the right to die with dignity instead of being made to suffer indefinitely at the end of lives only because of the misplaced moral beliefs of others.
885 words (approx. 3.5 pages), 3 sources, MLA, £ 22.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that, while modern technology and advances in medical science have succeeded in alleviating suffering for mankind to a large extent, they also have made it possible for prolonging the agony and suffering of terminally-ill people. The author points out that the major arguments against euthanasia are unsustainable. The paper stresses that taking away the right of terminally-ill people to make a decision about dying with dignity is an aberration in any compassionate modern day society.
Table of Contents
Different Kinds of Euthanasia
The Ethical and Legal Considerations
The Arguments against Euthanasia and their Rebuttal
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Another argument against euthanasia is that once we permit any form of euthanasia, it would put us on a "moral slippery slope" leading to targeting of vulnerable groups of people and euthanasia would be used as a "cost cutting solution" by putting elderly and 'non-productive' people to death. Such alleged psychological inevitability of moving from voluntary to non-voluntary euthanasia is not supported by credible evidence. The example of Hitler's Germany is irrelevant because what the Nazis practiced was eugenics and terming it as euthanasia is a misnomer. Evidence from the Netherlands (where euthanasia is legal) is more relevant and serious studies on the subject reveal that there has been no slide on the "slippery slope" there."
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Steroids in Baseball, 2005.
Examines the illegal use of steroids in the U.S. sport of baseball.
950 words (approx. 3.8 pages), 5 sources, MLA, £ 23.95
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Abstract
Baseball is America's official past-time, and as such it is far more than a sport. It is an integral part of they country's culture, and in many ways represents the heart and soul of America itself. Baseball is about healthy competition, sportsmanship, teamwork and family entertainment. The paper shows that unfortunately, in recent years, the heroic legacy of Major League Baseball (MLB), and the sacred idol-status of MLB players has been compromised. Unlike the great eras of baseball history, the recent era is not named after joyous baseball events, but rather after an illegal drug. The 'Roid Era, named after steroid drug use, saw its height between 1998-2003 when home run numbers skyrocketed. The paper argues that steroid use in Major League Baseball is unacceptable, and all records which have been set by players using steroids should be stricken from the record books.
From the Paper
"There remains a minority of Americans that believe records of the 'Roid Era should remain intact in baseball history. One defense made in favor of allowing these records to remain is that there have always been "flaws" in baseball, and throughout history the public has turned a blind eye. An example of this includes that Ty Cobb (a legendary baseball player who is in the Hall of Fame) was a racist and murderer; if a murderer can remain in the Hall of Fame, why not steroid users? However, this is a ridiculous defense, because murdering a Black man did not give Cobb an unfair advantage in the game, nor was his racism the reason that he was able to achieve such incredible physical feats."
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Journalism vs. Sensationalism, 2006.
This paper analyzes the decline in newspaper readership as well as the issue of real journalism versus sensationalistic reporting of the news.
2,314 words (approx. 9.3 pages), 6 sources, MLA, £ 50.95
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Abstract
The writer of this paper presents a critical analysis on the decline of newspaper readership. This paper details the statistics, the attempts by newspapers to attract readers by turning to sensationalism and the opinions of experts in the field about how to increase readership. The writer also proposes an ethical solution to the problem that avoids sensationalism, yet, still provides the readers with what they want. Newspaper readership has declined. It has a tremendous amount of competition to overcome. Maintaining strong ethics, targeting the young adult and providing more investigative, celebrity and health and fitness news are all ways that readership can be increased and maintained. This paper discusses the issue of ethics in journalism while comparing it to the recent popularity of sensationalistic reporting. This paper also delves into electronic newspapers on the internet and their impact on readership.
Table of Contents:
Abstract
Introduction
Readers' Needs and Wants
Solution
Conclusion
Works Cited
From the Paper
"The ethical question of using sensationalism to attract readers continues to be asked. Are newspapers simply giving readers what they want to keep their attention, or are they stepping over an ethical line in a desperate attempt to maintain their readership? It is a question that is debated nationwide in the industry. A few years ago, rag news such as the National Enquirer and the Star were laughed at by "real" journalists. Today however, "real" journalists find themselves in a position of having to lean more toward celebrity gossip and sensationalized stories to attract readers to their work."
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