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Teaching Theories and Nursing, 2006.
A case study of nursing students being taught to apply a specific learning theory.
3,107 words (approx. 12.4 pages), 16 sources, MLA, £ 64.95
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Abstract
The purpose of this paper is to apply a learning theory to an actual educational case study and scenario, as seen from the point of view of the nursing student. Nurses are faced with moral and ethical issues every day especially when it comes to building a relationship of trust with the patient. Therefore, this paper reviews the everyday challenges faced by nurses attempting to make the right moral decision.
Contents:
Introduction
Case Study: A Nurse's Dilemma, Challenging Scenario
Events and Indications of a Challenging Scenario for Student Nurses
John Dewey's Teaching Theory and Nursing
Possible Interventions
Conclusion
From the Paper
"From the case study proposed by Joan Callahan (1988), imagine now that you are a nurse on a medical/surgical floor in a large private hospital (p. 4). A woman is admitted on a Sunday for a series of medical tests you are assigned as her primary nurse. The testing begins on Monday and you are off for the next few days. You return to work the following Saturday and resume your duties as the woman's primary nurse. When you arrive on the floor, you go over her chart and find that the tests have revealed that she has chronic lymphocytic leukemia and is being transfused in an attempt to put the disease into remission. As you approach her that morning she greets you happily and asks you if you know when she will be able to return to work given her diagnosis you are a bit puzzled by her exuberance and you judiciously reply that you have not seen her physician since her return to work but that you will talk with the physician about her d/c from the hospital."
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Detecting, Documenting and Reporting Incidents of Elder Abuse, 2006.
A study of the detection, documentation and reporting incidents of elder abuse.
1,875 words (approx. 7.5 pages), 13 sources, MLA, £ 42.95
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Abstract
This paper provides a background of the problem of elder abuse followed by a review and discussion of the relevant literature. The study uses a retrospective review of adverse patient incident reports in selected Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Centers (VAMCs) and domiciles in the United States. The paper determines what controlling legislation is in place and the associated responsibilities for healthcare practitioners. It notes that the next step involves detecting and substantiating cases of elder abuse when they occur or are suspected of having occurred. The paper further discusses what should be done when abuse has taken place. A summary of the research is provided in the conclusion, where it is noted that virtually all sources suggest the rates of elder abuse are on the increase. However, the definitions of elder abuse have been sufficiently codified in recent years that such incidents can be identified and, when appropriate, reported, investigated and actions can be taken to prevent such abuse in the future.
From the Paper
"Today, there are more elderly than ever before, and their numbers are expected to increase as a percentage of the population in the coming years (Litwin & Zoabi, 2004). Based on this increase in numbers of elderly citizens, it is also reasonable to assume that there will be a concomitant increase in the incidence of elder abuse as well. In fact, in recent years, elder abuse by family members has been identified as a growing problem in Western societies (Bergeron & Gray, 2003; Litwin & Zoabi, 2004); however, it is difficult or perhaps even impossible to know whether elder abuse is actually increasing or decreasing because there is a paucity of national prevalence studies (Litwin & Zoabi, 2004; Johnson, 1991; Ebersole & Hess, 1998). The data that is available, though, suggests that the incidence of elder abuse is on the increase, particularly among those aged 75 years and above (Pritchard, 1993). According to the National Elder Abuse Incidence Study, the most accurate national estimate is that a total of 449,924 elderly people, aged 60 years and over, were the victims of abuse and/or neglect in domestic settings alone in 1996 (p. 6). Furthermore, of that number, just 16 percent or so, or approximately 71,987 cases, were actually reported to elder protection agencies (Bergeron & Gray, 2003). This means that across the country, there were approximately 380,000 cases of elder abuse in the home that went unreported - which is not to say undetected - during that year. Moreover, the National Center on Elder Abuse estimated the number of elder abuse cases across the country in all settings to be from 820,000 to 1,860,000 (cited in Ebersole & Hess, 1998). In reality, though, it does not matter whether elder mistreatment is increasing or decreasing because the fact that some elder citizens continue to experience unnecessary suffering is adequate to warrant attention (Johnson, 1991)."
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Teaching Skills Required in a Medical Ethics Course, 2006.
An analysis of the methods and skills required to effectively teach a medical ethics course.
1,959 words (approx. 7.8 pages), 10 sources, MLA, £ 44.95
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Abstract
This work examines and investigates all available peer-reviewed literature in relation to medical ethics teaching and most specifically in terms of the skills required of a teaching assistant in this initiative.
Table of Contents:
Objective
Methodology
Introduction
Review of the Literature
Summary and Conclusion
From the Paper
"Specialized skills are required of the teaching assistant if they are to be effective in their effort in a course of medical ethics. Effective teaching skills of a teaching assistant begin with knowledge of the area of study as well as being informed of the curricular goals in that study. The study of medical ethics is an area that is critical in obtaining correct and up-to-date knowledge in order to avoid medical malpractice which is a costly mistake should it occur in the physician's practice."
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Media Manipulation, 2006.
A review of media manipulation, focusing on the various methods of manipulation.
2,145 words (approx. 8.6 pages), 7 sources, MLA, £ 48.95
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Abstract
This paper reviews and reports the opinions of experts and journalists who have analyzed the issue of media manipulation of the news. This is not a paper that is predicting a "big brother" conspiracy that is trying to take over America or brainwash all the TV-watching, Internet surfing and newspaper-reading citizens. But there are many issues that the average American should be aware of when trying to read, hear, watch and digest "news" as presented by the media today, and this paper addresses those concerns.
From the Paper
"It's very clear from reading through research material on today's media that most Americans get their evening news through half-hour TV programs specializing in dramatic, entertaining video and "sound bites" from politicians, entertainers, and the "man in the street."
Those news shows - from cable, local, and network productions - are often more concerned with ratings (which drive the profitability of television) than with full coverage. That is not a positive trend in American life, and this paper addresses that dynamic as well.
The significance of media manipulation can be seen even more dramatically with a look back at the way television journalism was presented to the public in the recent past. Reporters had guts, and went after government; that is depicted in a new movie, "Good Night and Good Luck," written and directed by actor George Clooney. The movie features the professional life of former CBS television interviewer, Edward R. Murrow, who boldly took on U.S. Senator Joe McCarthy at a time when McCarthy was attacking many well-known people with baseless accusations that they were "communists." An article in the Los Angeles Times (Goldstein, 2005) refers to Murrow as "a real hero" who, like other journalists in his era, "once pursued greatness, not just ratings and ad linage."
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Economics and Health Care, 2006.
This paper discusses the use of economics in the world of health care, despite the differentiation of health care products from that of normal goods and services.
822 words (approx. 3.3 pages), 3 sources, MLA, £ 20.95
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Abstract
This paper uses the application of economic principles of addressing competition, understanding costs and becoming aware of the real value of the goods and services in the field of health care. It reports how even in the not-for-profit hospital setting, there still exists a necessity to maximize the revenues and to reduce costs. It shows how it is the goal of the managers and health care providers to devise methods so as to become low-cost providers without being forced to lower the quality standards. However, the paper discusses how the relationship between the patients and doctors is quite different from the normal relationship between buyers and sellers. The paper concludes with the role of the pharmacist who, while applying economic evaluation methods, must also use humanistic evaluation techniques.
From the Paper
"Common people, from the common sense perspective, believe that it is not possible to buy and sell health care like other goods and services. Economists, however, analyze and differentiate the health care and market from a theoretical perspective, with use of the market failure theory. The economists visualize that markets fail due to lack of perfect information on right goods at the lowest possible cost. In case of health care severe information problems are being confronted that makes the rational purchasing decisions difficult. It is to be noted that is not always effective and possible that the patient is in a position to explore all the possible available ways of treating oneself and hence finds it really difficult to choose from amongst the most cost effective approach which would be most appropriate. The medical information is technically filled with complexities that it is not possible to be understood by a layman and this is made worse by the fact that several illnesses do not repeat again. Besides the health care has strong externality influences than that of other goods and services. The cost of caring a sick person may entail heavy financial burden on the patient's family."
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Job Market Prospects for the African-American, 2006.
An analysis of familial and environmental influences on job market prospects and quality of work life reported by African-Americans.
1,622 words (approx. 6.5 pages), 7 sources, MLA, £ 37.95
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Abstract
This paper takes a look at the quality of work life as reported by African-Americans to be "plagued by inequality and lack of opportunity or stability" and examines the relationships that exist between familial influences, job market prospects and the environment. This paper intends to evaluate the impacts family rearing and environmental influence have on African-Americans' perceived job market opportunities and self reported quality of work life.
Contents:
Introduction
Need for the Study
Preliminary Review of the Literature
Methodology and Research Design
Discussion/Conclusions
From the Paper
"Many African Americans report their work life includes less than optimal working conditions, meager earnings, little autonomy and much instability which often results in decreased job satisfaction and perceived job opportunities (Riley, 2005). Still other research related to social psychology suggests "quality of work life may have pervasive consequences on one's sense of worth and sense of control" and that perceived job satisfaction can "spillover and influence behaviors in other spheres of life" (Riley, 1) Hence social psychological outcomes are affected by job related perceptions and self evaluation as well as general life satisfaction (Riley, 1).
The purpose of this research proposal is an evaluation of the impacts family rearing and environmental influence have on African American's perceived job market opportunities and self reported quality of work life. As an aside the researcher will also evaluate whether familial and environmental factors impact African American's perceived self esteem and subsequent success on the job and at home. To accomplish this the researcher will evaluate the following questions: (1) what if any familial influences determine job satisfaction and employment opportunities, (2) what if any environmental influences are likely to contribute to job status and perceived quality of work life, (3) whether other factors contribute to job status and self reported measures of self worth and self esteem and whether (4) self esteem directly or indirectly influences job status, environment or familial relationships among African American adults. "
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Privatization of Correctional Facilities in the United States, 2006.
This paper considers the reasons for privatization of correctional facilities and its results.
1,160 words (approx. 4.6 pages), 2 sources, APA, £ 28.95
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Abstract
This paper examines the current trend toward privatization of certain services provided in correctional institutions in the United States. The author approaches his research from an historical and financial perspective. Also considered heavily are human rights issues.
Introduction
Background and Major Players
Legal Issues
Other Considerations
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Those who advocate and go against private involvement in prison handlings make different arguments in its favor. Many say that past trend and analysis have shown that government has been largely inefficient in this area. So, people look for better inefficiency in the private sector but the absence of market forces pose a problem. one group of American researchers concluded "From a purely economic perspective, there are so many elements of the profit mechanism missing from correctional industries that its implementation is at worst unfeasible, at best elusive" (Gandy & Hurl, 1987). Different studies conducted show that there is not a market difference in the efficiency and profitability between private and public sector. Majority of analysts hold the view that if economy and efficiency are considerations then private sector does not offer any major benefits rather state prisons, as a more politically viable option should try to work on improving its own efficiency by different means."
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The Chicana Women's Fight for Liberation, 2006.
An in-depth look at the Chicana, or Mexican-American woman, and her fight for liberation and basic human rights.
1,155 words (approx. 4.6 pages), 4 sources, MLA, £ 28.95
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Abstract
This paper takes a look at the history of the Chicana, or Mexican-American woman, who has been treated as a person with no value, useless in the society and with deprive moral. This paper reviews the struggle of the Chicana for liberation and basic human rights to be free and to be treated equally.
From the Paper
"Chicanas today are struggling for their liberation especially in the society and they are aware that they are being maltreated and it should be stop because they believe that every human being have the right to be free and to be treated equally. They are now involving themselves in fighting for freedom and for the rights of the women, they are confronting institutions that deprived them and maltreated them especially their employer, the church and the society. They raise issues about equality of men and women, depriving them from education, the belief of the Catholics, and the domination of men. "
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Ethics, 2005.
A discussion regarding the moral obligations that the business world has to society.
1,314 words (approx. 5.3 pages), 2 sources, MLA, £ 31.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses how many businesses are becoming aware of the moral obligations that they have to society and are becoming involved in various community, charity and youth programs. This paper also reviews the various reasons for businesses becoming involved in such projects.
Contents:
Introduction
Corporations Should Have Moral Obligation to Society Beyond Making Money
Conclusion
From the Paper
"According to James Fieser, in his article concerning the moral obligations of businesses, there are two possible connections that make businesses observe morality. They are: the goal to make a profit, and the goal to obey the law. Both of the connections may sound compelling though, in which as mentioned earlier that social programs were being used as a form of advertisement that can add income to a business, as well as the law that in reality is really compelling. However, despite of this, the observation of moral obligations by businesses to society can still mean a lot because it can serve as an encouragement to other businesses to establish similar programs that provide help and support to the society."
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Aristotle's View on Capital Punishment, 2006.
A look at capital punishment through the eyes of Aristotle.
1,470 words (approx. 5.9 pages), 1 source, MLA, £ 34.95
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Abstract
This paper examines capital punishment as viewed by Aristotle, as a moral issue and argue the opinion that it is an immoral practice. This paper also carefully identifies and explains the premises that lead to this argument, looking at the flip side of the issue and creating a possible counter argument.
From the Paper
"Aristotle also distinguishes between distributive and retributatory justice. Retributive justice, or punishment for things done wrong, is similar to criminal courts. Distributive justice is conceptually similar to civil courts and awarding financial compensation.
People should not be held accountable for involuntary actions; things they were forced to do, or that they did in ignorance of the facts, which may be called mistakes or mishaps. Voluntary unjust actions can be divided according to whether they were premeditated or not. Crimes done due to emotion rather than reason (ex: sudden anger) are acts of injustice, but the person who does things in the heat of the moment should not be regarded as a wicked or unjust person. Premeditated unjust actions can only be done by unjust or wicked people, Aristotle thought. This may seem fairly sensible, but is an important departure from Socrates and Plato who held that people never did things which they realized were wrong, and that all evil was caused solely by ignorance."
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"Epistemology: Becoming Intellectually Virtuous.", 2006.
A critical review of Jay Wood's "Epistemology: Becoming Intellectually Virtuous."
2,265 words (approx. 9.1 pages), 1 source, MLA, £ 50.95
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Abstract
In his work "Epistemology: Becoming Intellectually Virtuous" Jay Wood embarks on a journey to discover what it means to know something. In this review the author explores the importance of living an intellectually superior life, which ultimately Wood describes as a life that involves selecting the right things to care about and paying attention to ones emotions and virtues, which ultimately ensure proper cognitive functioning. These ideas are applied to a Christian counseling viewpoint for each of the chapters reviewed in Wood's book. Wood acknowledges the virtue of believing in God and using this belief as a compass if you will toward discovering the truth in all matters.
Outline:
Introduction
Chapter 1
Reflections on Chapter 1
Chapter 2
Reflections on Chapter 2
Chapter 3
Reflections on Chapter 3
Chapter 4
Reflections on Chapter 4
Chapter 5
Reflections on Chapter 5
Chapter 6
Reflections on Chapter 6
Chapter 7
Reflections on Chapter 7
Chapter 8
Reflections on Chapter 8
Conclusions
From the Paper
"This chapter helps some up some of the ideas presented by Wood thus far, suggesting that some suggest success is related to reliability when tracking truth according to Wood, whereas others rely on adequate evidence to support their beliefs and still others suggest that beliefs must cohere with one another to be just and true. This chapter is very helpful in creating a foundation for ones own beliefs and principles. In my case I would suggest relaying on evidence based approach when working with others particularly in the counseling profession, as people are more likely to accept ones beliefs as valid and true when evidence supports them. "
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Adoption and Gay Couples, 2006.
Should gay and lesbian couples be allowed to adopt children?
880 words (approx. 3.5 pages), 2 sources, MLA, £ 22.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses how prejudice against same-sex parents, preventing them from adopting, is not only unfounded but also transgresses the dignity and human rights of gay couples. It also relates how the issue of adoption is intrinsically linked to the larger social and moral question of the acceptance of gay couples as full and legitimate members of society.
From the Paper
"While society or sectors of society may regard parenting by gay couples with suspicion, there is no convincing scientific evidence to suggest that children raised by same-sex parents suffer any serious deficits or are deviant in any sense. (Hulbert, A. 2004) In truth much of the evidence points to the fact that children raised by gay parents are in some ways more balanced and resilient. There is also no evidence to suggest that children reared by same-sex partners are less intelligent or more likely to have problems than children of straight parents.
However, there are many prejudicial views against same-sex parents and the adoption of children."
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Electronic Surveillance in the Workplace, 2006.
This paper considers employee monitoring vs. employee privacy rights.
1,040 words (approx. 4.2 pages), 10 sources, MLA, £ 25.95
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Abstract
In the age of technology, electronic surveillance has become common practice in the workplace. This paper addresses the balance between the employer's right to security and production and the employee's right to privacy. The paper relates how employers need electronic surveillance in terms of security and productivity, but how much is necessary is what is disputed. The employees' view is that intrusive surveillance is not justified in either a legal or ethical sense and every human being is entitled to basic ethical rights which include a level of privacy.
From the Paper
"Additionally, with the growing use of technology in organizations, it is making it more difficult to balance an employer's right to security and production with employee right to privacy concerns. This issue creates a particularly difficult ethical dilemma. It is easy to understand why there is a philosophical difference in opinion on the issues surrounding electronic surveillance. What is not so easy to understand is the fine line between employee privacy rights and employer production rights."
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Business Ethics, 2006.
This paper discusses the importance of companies having a superior work ethic.
1,095 words (approx. 4.4 pages), 4 sources, MLA, £ 27.95
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Abstract
This paper explains how business ethics today are crucial in determining a company's success; without it companies and industries can struggle and perhaps fail completely. The paper elaborates on how companies are increasingly recognizing these changing needs. The paper addresses the difficulty of defining ethics but offers a definition that a work ethic is a recognized norm of behavior that promotes being personally accountable and responsible for the role and responsibilities one performs. The writer concludes that as a manager of a company in his/her future career, he/she believes that it is most important to have impeccable ethics and to set an example for others.
From the Paper
"It is a different world in the workplace, where the old saying "what goes around, comes around" is being proven over and over. Today, more than ever before, it is critical for personnel and management to have a superior work ethic. Without it, companies and industries will struggle and perhaps fail completely as productivity falls short of what is required to reach goals and attain success.
Companies are increasingly recognizing these changing needs. The Business Roundtable Institute for Corporate Ethics surveyed CEOs of large corporations to determine the most important corporate ethics issues facing the business community. According to the CEOs, the five most important ethics issues, in order of priority, are: (1) regaining the public trust, (2) effective company management in the context of today's investor expectations, (3) ensuring the integrity of financial reporting, (4) fairness of executive compensation, and (5) ethical role-modeling of senior management. "
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