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The Issues of Tomorrow, 2008.
This paper looks at the global, business and education issues of the future.
2,695 words (approx. 10.8 pages), 7 sources, MLA, £ 55.95
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Abstract
The paper discusses the major relevant global issues, enhancing ethical considerations, forming interdisciplinary curricula and teams and incorporating socio-cultural differences into a whole. The paper reveals that the next 20 years are going to be the most telling on the future of the world. The paper concludes that what we need is a unified human effort without socio-cultural barriers working as an interdisciplinary team to develop creative solutions.
Outline:
Global Issues
Ethics
Interdisciplinary Education
Sociocultural Relationships
Critical/Creative Thinking
From the Paper
"According to J.E. Rischard, the World-Bank's vice president for Europe, the next twenty years will be the most important for the world's survival. Two major issues concern everyone--the precipitous population growth and the new economy. The world will be going from 6 billion people today to about 8 billion by 2020-2025 in less than one generation. Second, a world-wide economic revolution focused on markets and very inexpensive technologies has changed societies and led to greater dislocations than ever before. Earlier industrialized nations had to learn how to deal with transforming energy and materials. Now the emphasis is on time and distance. This new economy rewards efficiency and speed, global networking, continuous learning, and total reliability. Any organization that cannot compete will have a difficult time surviving."
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Moral Dimensions of Punishment, 2008.
An analysis of how morality can be applied to the punishment of criminals.
841 words (approx. 3.4 pages), 3 sources, APA, £ 20.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the moral dimensions of punishment, particularly with regard to criminals and incarceration. The paper argues that how stridently the criminal justice system pursues convicted criminals is a core moral and ethical issue. The paper also briefly looks at morally gray areas of punishment such as maximum security prisons and the procedures used to control and monitor inmates.
From the Paper
"Morally gray areas of punishment include maximum security prisons and the procedures used to control and monitor inmates. The basic conflict is between the rights of the individual offender and the rights of the victim. Justice system professionals, policy makers, and citizens face ethical conundrums when contemplating the ideal balance. What role the state should have in terms of surveillance of convicted sex offenders may also pose problems for policy makers and justice system officials. Moreover, punishment is almost always informed by political decisions, which creates further moral problems. A "tough on crime" fervor that swept through the United States during the 1980s and which still persists has had a profound impact on many American citizens. Three strikes laws and strident drugs laws are a few examples of when "tough on crime" can be an ethically questionable justice policy."
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Ethics of Animal Exploitation, 2008.
This paper discusses Peter Singer's philosophy on the ethics of animal welfare.
2,023 words (approx. 8.1 pages), 7 sources, APA, £ 44.95
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Abstract
The paper discusses Peter Singer's beliefs that while we may exploit animals for food or clothing, we need to be certain that we take the interests of the animals into consideration. The paper paints a picture of the often cruel treatment of animals by humans where there is no ethical consideration of the animal's interests whatsoever. The paper stresses that while the idea of producing mass quantities of low-cost food is not in itself evil, innocent animals deserve ethically defensible treatment.
From the Paper
"Peter Singer is acknowledged as the father of the animal rights movement. His book Practical Ethics (1979) actually does not argue for animal rights, but rather for animal welfare. Singer's philosophy is utilitarian. His utilitarian approach is to judge right and wrong behavior on the basis of the behavior's consequences. The right act is the one that maximizes positive or beneficial consequences for all parties involved. The good or bad effects an action produces provide the basis for judgment of the action itself. The consequences of the individual specific act are what matter--and not what would happen if everybody acted the same way. This view is called act-utilitarianism."
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Ethical Treatment of Animals, 2008.
A strong argument against the practice of animal testing.
1,649 words (approx. 6.6 pages), 11 sources, MLA, £ 36.95
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Abstract
The paper argues that animal testing cannot provide firm evidence that a new product is safe because of the differences between humans' and animals' body structures. The paper reveals that products which do not produce any problem in animals can cause side effects in humans. The paper contends that the testing methods used are immoral and violate an animal's rights and asserts that only alternative testing methods should be used.
From the Paper
"Most animals living with their owners will be able to spend their lives happily because they will always get love from their owners. Meanwhile, there are many other animals living in terrifying circumstances inside a laboratory. They are living in a small cage and they can only expect to be used as a test subject for new substances in the future. Experimentation on live animals began as early as the 17th century and the practice of testing cosmetics on animals began in 1933 ("History of Animal Testing"). Today, there are many varieties of animals used for experiments, and the number is enormous."
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Organizational Ethics Issues Resolution, 2008.
A review of the neglect of management integrity capacity with particular reference to the Enron debacle.
1,553 words (approx. 6.2 pages), 3 sources, APA, £ 34.95
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Abstract
The paper discusses how the Enron debacle that occurred in late 2001 illustrated how an ethically unsound business can have devastating and widespread effects on the international business community. The paper continues and reiterates that the reason for the collapse of Enron was an absence of ideation and practice of ethical values. Market failure occurred due to information asymmetries, in which unfairness of the imbalance exceeded simple competitive advantage, while compromising the rights of others. The paper states that six ethical decision-making steps can be applied to the organizational ethics issue of Enron in order to further understand the process involved in solving ethical issues.
Outline:
Issue Clarification
Stakeholder Analysis
Values Identification
Issue Resolution
Addressing Objections
Resolution Implementation
From the Paper
"The collapse of Enron at the end of 2001 resulted in the second largest corporate bankruptcy in American history to date. The fraudulent practices of Enron executives resulted in stakeholder betrayals (Petrick & Scherer, 2003). Stakeholders were deceived by Enron executives, betrayals which contravene any ethical code. This choice among Enron executives to betray stakeholders in order to promote short term financial gain resulted in the destruction of their own personal and business reputations, exposure to the possibility of criminal and civil prosecution, as well as bankruptcy. Stakeholders, including institutional and individual investors, were misinformed regarding the financial stability of Enron due to fraudulent accounting practices, and this resulted in a loss of millions of dollars. Secondary and tertiary stakeholders were also negatively affected by the Enron scandal. For example, Enron executives placed pressure on accounting and law firms to partake in unethical practices in order to accrue short term, temporary gain."
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Moral Theology, 2008.
This paper explores a definition for the nature of good virtue.
1,128 words (approx. 4.5 pages), 3 sources, MLA, £ 26.95
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Abstract
The paper looks at the ideas of three contemporary theorists, Carol Gilligan, James Fowler and James T. Brotzke regarding the meaning of virtue. The paper shows how each of these three theorists bring a unique and often conflicting perspective onto what it means to be moral and thus have good virtues. The paper concludes that there is no answer to the question of what is good virtue since too many independent and personal factors go into determining what one person considers to be virtuous.
From the Paper
"The fundamental moral question of human existence is what is the nature of good virtues? Although virtues by its very nature means good, or the opposite of vice, this does not make the answer to the question any simpler. Every individual has a different idea of what virtues are, meaning that to one person a virtue may be a virtue but to another the virtue is perceived as a vice. The result is that there is no definition as to what is virtuous, therefore leading to the ongoing question of "what is the nature of good virtue?""
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Organizational Philosophies & Technologies, 2008.
This paper discusses using technologies to set and manage ethical standards.
938 words (approx. 3.8 pages), 2 sources, APA, £ 22.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer discusses that there has been a crisis of confidence in corporate ethics in the last ten years, and as a result, legislation continues to be used as the mechanism to bring trust back into business. The writer notes that many argue that Sarbanes-Oxley legislation has actually taken the price of doing business significantly up, enriching Indian Business Process Outsourcing companies by 30% revenue growth, in the process. The issue of corporate responsibility, the extent of its existence and what ideally corporate ethical responsibility should be are examined.
Outline:
Defining Ethical Responsibility
Enforcing Corporate Responsibility
Sarbanes-Oxley is Redefining Corporate Ethics and Responsibility
From the Paper
"At the center of corporate ethical responsibility is a focus by organizations on the extent to which their decisions impact buyers, suppliers, customers, prospects, employees and stake holders. The essence of corporate ethical responsibility is the embracing of strategies that are transparent, easily accounted for and free from conflicts of interest.
"The transparency aspect of corporate ethics however was lacking in many corporations who found through sophisticated trading and fund management that synthetic, not real, financial results could be created to give the illusion of greater profits, growth and earning potential. Starting with Enron and proceeding through a litany of corporate scandals including Adelphia, MCI WorldCom, Tyco and many others, the US Congress felt it necessary to legislate corporate responsibility and ethics in the form of laws."
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Business Ethics, 2008.
This paper explores three notable business scandals; Enron, WorldCom and Tyco.
2,013 words (approx. 8.1 pages), 5 sources, APA, £ 43.95
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Abstract
The paper describes the accounting scandals of Enron, WorldCom and Tyco and looks at how these financial frauds occurred as a result of monitoring failures at different levels. The paper explores ethics and moral judgements in general and discusses how if one is not comfortable telling one's family about a decision, then the decision is likely unethical in one's business.
Outline:
Abstract
Introduction
Enron
WorldCom
Tyco
Analysis & Conclusion
From the Paper
"In the past decade, several scandals involving the improper management of financial data have emerged, bolstering the importance of business ethics to the forefront of many industries. The most notable accounting scandals in the 2000s consisted of Enron, WorldCom and Tyco. In just 15 years, Enron grew from nowhere to be America's seventh largest company, employing 21,000 staff in more than 40 countries. WorldCom achieved its position as a significant player in the telecommunications industry through the successful completion of 65 acquisitions. From 1997 through 2001, Tyco's revenues rose by 48.7% a year. These three significant accounting scandals that occurred in the past decade led to the enactment of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act, an act that requires that the management of a company certify that a system of internal controls is in place that is adequate to report a fair representation of the financial condition of the business in financial statements."
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Ethics Case: Homosexuality, 2008.
Looks at an ethics case of a homosexual salesman at Kirkham McDowell Securities.
3,405 words (approx. 13.6 pages), 4 sources, APA, £ 66.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that Kirkham McDowell Securities, an underwriting and financial advisory firm, sells services through its sales personnel whose reputation must be beyond reproach if it must remain competitive. The paper then describes a moral issue in which the company wants to cancel a banquet honoring a homosexual salesman because he has unexpectedly reveled that he has a gay partner whom he intends to bring to this occasion.The paper concludes that the company's priority goals are to preserve the company reputation of decency with clients in order to retain their patronage and to proceed to honor and reward the valuable contributions of the firm's employees in a fitting occasion; therefore, the decision to convert the dinner into an inter-office event recognizes both objectives.
Table of Contents:
Introduction
Decision
Standard of Conduct
Character, Virtue and Relationship
Purposes and Consequences
From the Paper
"The central issue is Adam's homosexuality, which is an applied ethics issue because homosexuality is a moral issue, not only in business but also universally. Times may have changed a lot. With increasing numbers of gay people turning up in recent years, homosexuality has become commonplace. Gay communities have formed and lobby for their rights. By sheer and growing numbers, gays and lesbians command a place in society and thus a claim of having been accepted. But on the whole, they are still frowned upon. Homosexuality is still generally rejected as a form of sexual immorality despite gay people's assertion that they have the fundamental right to make their own gender preferences, which society must accept."
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Case Study: Ethics and Morality, 2008.
Analyzes an ethics and morality case at Motorola's Anzen facility in Nambu, which presents a conflict of cultural values in business.
3,105 words (approx. 12.4 pages), 5 sources, APA, £ 61.95
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Abstract
This paper begins by describing a situation where the manufacturing manager, Victor, at Motorola's Anzen facility in Nambu, beat up Tom, another Nambunese, who consistently refused to follow safety rules at Motorola's facility in Nambu. The paper then explains that Motorola and its Nambunese counterpart both aim at developing and practicing the desirable traits of productivity, safety, harmony and civility among its ranks to accomplishing its goals. The paper also explains that most Nambunese working for Motorola already observe and exhibit devotion to these policies and share the values of productive work. The paper further describes how the company handled the problem between Victor and Tom as well as its decision to leave things as they were - without firing either employee. The paper concludes that the most important aspect of the decision to leave things as they were is the sense of justice Victor exhibits when he initiates a public apology and financial indemnity to Tom despite Tom's open violation of company rules and of Nambunese values of duty and obedience.
Table of Contents:
Introduction
Decision
Standards of Conduct
Character, Virtue and Relationships
Purposes and Consequences
From the Paper
"All of the traits are present in all its teams, specifically the Morning Glory team, which has been the best-performing in the facility. Its high level of productivity proceeds from the high level of harmony among its individual members and Victor's efforts at establishing open communications with them. The team members are happy with the supervision style and personality of Victor whom they describe as peaceable. The only exception is Tom, whose mountaineering drive, could have inclined him to an excess of freedom in ignoring both the rules on safety and the Nambunese tradition of duty and obedience."
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Code of Ethics, 2008.
An analysis of the principles and purpose of a code of ethics for a professional association, specifically American journalists.
2,018 words (approx. 8.1 pages), 5 sources, MLA, £ 43.95
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Abstract
This paper analyzes the primary role of professional associations' codes of ethics. It provides an example of such a code of ethics by discussing the American Society of Newspaper Editors' code of ethics. The paper describes the principles of the code and the values that are included in each principle. The paper then discusses the necessity of codes of ethics for a professional association, specifically American journalists.
From the Paper
"Decision-making processes may be assessed by examining the courses of actions and past unethical or ethical decisions. A good example of unethical business conduct and unethical decisions is Boeing Company, where repeated unethical behaviors and decisions have been manifest in the course of time: unethical hiring, leasing, biddings etc. despite the fact that they have a published Code of Ethics. In problem solving, it is again important to promote ethical alternatives in order to adopt a fair solution for the parties involved. The importance of the code and of the system of inquiry in establishing these alternatives is valuable."
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The Church and State Weigh in on Abortion, 2008.
This paper argues that abortion is a moral issue and one that does not belong in the courts.
1,366 words (approx. 5.5 pages), 4 sources, MLA, £ 31.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer notes that on April 18, 2007, the Supreme Court handed down its decision on 'Gonzales v Carhart', et al. The writer points out that the decision, important to pro-life advocates, supports and leaves unaltered the partial birth abortion law. The writer explains that this makes it illegal to perform an abortion beyond the first trimester of a woman's pregnancy if that procedure to terminate the pregnancy involves the physician bringing the fetus - viable at that point - outside the womb, thereby effectively making that fetus a person residing in the locale into which it has at that moment been delivered. The writer maintains that it is unthinkable that the courts and the public has arrived at this point in time where the Supreme Court must decide the issue of whether or not it is acceptable to terminate a partially birthed life. The writer concludes that abortion is not a matter of constitutionality, but a moral one, and one that does not belong before the Supreme Court.
From the Paper
"For those conservative pro-lifers who would applaud these last few sentences as sentences in support of their conservative views and their right to impose those views on society, the caution is to go forward carefully, because that is not the case. Nor is it in support of the liberal pro-abortion lobby and supporters. The liberals, who in some ways are more mysterious than the conservatives in that they are the very same people who stand outside prison gates with candles in protest of humane administration of a lethal combination of chemicals that ensures the termination of the life of a mass murderer, or another felon whose crime is so heinous as to warrant social intervention in deciding whether or not that individual should continue to draw breath. Do not rally, because this writer finds it extremely odd that this group advocates on behalf of the life which walks the earth, having committed heinous acts of violence, and is at the same time not willing to afford the same support or opportunity for life of a viable fetus whose value to society has yet to be determined. Rather, both groups have driven this writer to the narrow edge of law, considering the law in its legalese only and in its role in the order of society and especially in light of separation of powers."
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Ethics in Family Therapy, 2008.
This paper discusses the ethical responsibilities of family therapists.
2,240 words (approx. 9.0 pages), 26 sources, APA, £ 47.95
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Abstract
The paper addresses the importance of confidentiality, integrity and professionalism in the field of marriage and family therapy. The paper explores the issues and ethics surrounding family therapists and their obligation and duty to maintain the above qualities within their practice.
Outline:
Introduction
Ethics
Confidentiality
Professionalism
From the Paper
"For some families by the time they call the family therapist it is a last resort. They have spent months if not years trying to resolve the internal conflict on their own to no avail. In addition by the time they make that call for help one or more of the family members may have already given up and the therapy is a last ditch effort to save the marriage or family unit. For those who have not struggled for years but are making the call, it can be a court ordered situation which places all family members on the defense."
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Corporate Fraud, 2008.
A review of fraud that occurs in business operations and the problems encountered.
1,723 words (approx. 6.9 pages), 3 sources, APA, £ 37.95
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Abstract
The paper presents an analytical research report regarding the problem of corporate fraud and the lack of ethics that is leading to scandals and serious ethical and legal violations.
Outline:
Corporate Fraud and ethical problems in Business world
Enron: A case in point
What has been done?
From the Paper
"There is probably one name that doesn't escape anyone's mind when we talk about corporate fraud. And this name is that of Enron. No discussion of corporate fraud is ever complete without the name of Enron. Enron was formed when two energy companies, Houston Natural Gas and InterNorth, decided to merge their operations in 1985. The company achieved tremendous success, as energy trading firm and it was the first firm of its kind where energy was traded as any other commodity. In the short span of 15 years, the company managed to gain rise to heights of success as it turned from a regulated natural gas company into world's largest energy trader. With 21,000 employees and operations in more than 30 countries, the company it seemed was doing extremely well and this was further supported by the evidence presented by its auditors."
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