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Social Responsibility, 2008.
An examination of the responsibilities of a corporation and how they differ from the social responsibilities of an individual.
1,554 words (approx. 6.2 pages), 4 sources, APA, £ 35.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the differences between social responsibility of an organization and of an individual. It begins with the allegory of two prehistoric men hunting for their families and the social responsibility that is required of them. The paper then discusses a corporation's responsibilities to its shareholders and to society and looks at the signs of competitive market situations.
From the Paper
"A capitalistic society that provides open and free competition did not bring about Enron and similar debacles. It was the second part of Friedman's statement: "without deception or fraud" that led to such situations. It was the greed of several individuals who misreported their profits to get a larger part of the pot. Unfortunately, there will always be individuals like this--it is human nature. That does not make the whole system corrupt. One can say that the competition inherent in the capitalistic enterprise encourages such behavior. Hoarding by one of the cave dwellers would never work. The hope is that lessons are learned from situations such as these--that nothing works perfectly."
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Moral Relativism, 2008.
A debate on the pros and cons of moral relativism.
1,345 words (approx. 5.4 pages), 4 sources, MLA, £ 31.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses whether or not moral relativism is correct or not. The writer presents both sides of the argument and includes opinions of several authorities on the subject. The paper concludes with the writer's own opinion on moral relativism.
Outline:
The "Yes" Side
Strengths
Weaknesses
Opinion
From the Paper
"Throughout history, different people at different times and places have held divergent, sometimes opposing, moral views, even within the same society (Harman 1996). The ancient Greeks once strongly believed, for instance, that their god Zeus produced thunder. That science changed that strong belief. Today's Greek people will ascribe thunder to natural causes and conditions. This shows that what a particular society or individual strongly believes in or observes can and does change when new and convincing evidence demands that change. Another example is the origin and nature of black holes, which have not yet been scientifically explained. The dictates of morality appear to proceed from convention or understanding among people of a particular era and place. The fact is that people within that particular era and place themselves form different shades of understanding even about a specific matter. There appears to be no strict, basic or generalized moral demands or requirements for differences in understanding or view about something. Because people's beliefs are relative, it follows that their behavioral norms, described as ethics, are also relative. Thus it is correct to say that morality and ethics, which are determined or perceived individually and subjectively, are also individual and subjective rather than absolute (Harman)."
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Preserving the Ben & Jerry's Brand, 2008.
This paper examines Unilever's acquisition of the Ben and Jerry's brand.
2,628 words (approx. 10.5 pages), 7 sources, APA, £ 54.95
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Abstract
The paper relates that the Ben and Jerry's brand had a philosophical and ethical foundation of a triad of product, economic and social factors. The paper examines Unilever's acquisition of this brand and highlights how Unilever's governance and compliance could not replace the ethics and shareholder trust that was inherent in the Ben and Jerry's organization. The paper explains that Unilever's need to show a profit from the acquisition does not allow the ethical ecosystem to stay intact. The paper recommends that Unilever should look at the most severe areas of weakness and work quickly and thoroughly to turn them into strengths, for otherwise, the value of the original brand acquired will be lost.
Outline:
Executive Summary
Defining Product, Economic and Social Mission at Ben & Jerry's
Lesson for Unilever: You Can Buy a Brand but You Can't Buy Trust
Corporate Social Responsibility Assessment
Conclusion and Recommendations
From the Paper
"Ben & Jerry's business model from the beginning was one of the most unique in the history of business, in that it successfully integrated Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR), commitment to product, economic and social initiatives that successfully balanced both product quality and concern for the environment while attaining profitability. In many respects, Ben & Jerry's egalitarian roots in one of the most liberally-mind states, Vermont, would eventually permeate the company during its rapid growth period and be tested as the growing pains of the company began to become apparent."
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Business Ethics, 2008.
A discussion on whether people can separate their private lives and their work lives with regard to ethical behavior.
1,490 words (approx. 6.0 pages), 6 sources, MLA, £ 33.95
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Abstract
The paper begins by questioning whether it is possible for a person to separate his personal ethics from his business ethics. The paper then argues the thesis that the way a person acts in his personal life is indicative of how he will act in business. The writer uses examples from the his personal experiences to reinforce that the thesis is true. The paper also argues that more involvement is needed from secondary schools and companies to instill ethical values in employees.
From the Paper
"They found that the faculty recommended external forces as a remedy more often than increased ethics educational coverage to be the answer for the ethics issue and "conclude by proposing that neither legislation nor ethics education alone are complete when addressing widespread unethical corporate acts and offer a multifaceted approach to ethics educational opportunities". Another study by Desplaces et. al (2007)investigated college students to see the: (1) impact of ethics codes and practices on student perceptions of the institution's ethical culture; (2) impact of students seeing unethical behavior and pressure from significant others on moral reasoning and competence; and (3) effect on student moral reasoning and competence of faculty and students that discussed ethics in business core courses."
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Ethics, 2008.
A research paper looking at what factors affect the moral development and ethical decision-making skills of a CPR.
2,180 words (approx. 8.7 pages), 84 sources, APA, £ 46.95
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Abstract
This paper focuses on the moral development and ethical decision-making methods of a select sample of certified public accountants (CPA)in Taiwan. The paper statistically analyzes the data with selected demographic variables that are collected through the appropriate testing instruments specifically designed to measure moral development and ethical decision making. The paper states that these specialized tools include the use of the Defining Issues Test for measuring the CPA's stages of moral reasoning and the Multidimensional Ethics Scale for measuring their ethical decision making process.
Outline:
Purpose of the Study
Theoretical Framework
Statement of the Problem
From the Paper
"The research conducted by Rest has further found that "the average DIT scores increases about ten points with each increase in level of education." Thus, this study proposes that there are differences in the moral development of CPAs in Taiwan relating to their educational level. Further, this study proposes that there are differences in the ethical decision-making of CPAs in Taiwan relating to their educational level."
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Dental Ethics, 2008.
This paper discusses how important it is for dental hygienists to have training in ethics.
803 words (approx. 3.2 pages), 5 sources, APA, £ 19.95
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Abstract
This paper states that dental hygienists must study ethics before they begin their actual employment so that they are better prepared to make sound decisions and actions based on ethical considerations. The paper reinforces this statement by looking at some of the ethical dilemmas dental hygienists commonly face and how the study of ethics would help them deal with these dilemmas. The paper maintains that a multifaceted approach to formal ethics instruction that includes community-based service-learning can improve learning and influence the students' attitudes and perceptions about their role as oral healthcare providers in such areas as access to care, disparity, and working in a diverse community.
From the Paper
"As all other healthcare professionals, dental hygienists have responsibilities to their patients, employers, associations and, most important, to their own personal integrity. It is therefore critical that they be prepared to make sound decisions and actions based on ethical considerations. The growing importance of enforcing ethical behavior in dental hygiene is observed by seeing the number of dental schools that now have formal ethics courses as part of their curricula. Over the last three decades, dental professionals have emphasized the requisite for ethics training and dialogue."
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Organizational Ethics, 2008.
A case study analysis of the ethical dilemma faced by a CPA firm in donating their time.
716 words (approx. 2.9 pages), 3 sources, APA, £ 17.95
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Abstract
This paper presents a case study analysis of the CPA firm, Good and Good who donate the preparation of one tax return for the silent auction of a local non-profit organization. It describes the ethical dilemma that the firm is faced with when the winner of the silent auction is announced. The paper looks at the options available to the firm to deal with the dilemma as well as the recommended solution to the problem.
From the Paper
"In the future, the firm of Good and Good should take precautions to prevent this situation from happening again. Because it is good publicity, and thus good for business, to make an annual contribution to the non-profit organization's fundraising event, they should continue to do it (especially if such clients as Mr. Pinchpenny become regular clients as a result of the service). However, in order to prevent a loss such as that in the example, Good and Good should attach qualifications to their donation. For example, their donation could be the free preparation of an individual tax return up to a value of $450.00."
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Ethical Theories, 2008.
A discussion on numerous ethical issues surrounding the widespread use of technology.
1,671 words (approx. 6.7 pages), 3 sources, APA, £ 37.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses three ethical theories as they apply to technology, utilizing Vincent Ruggiero's application of reasoning in ethics. The technological area that the paper focuses on is the use of educational materials that are freely accessible online. The paper describes a case where a teacher uses an article that was freely available online for classroom purposes and explains that an ethical issues arises when the teacher distributes the article to the class. The paper then analyzes whether the teacher's actions are ethical or unethical using Vincent Ruggiero's criteria as well as several other different ethical theories, including Utilitarian theory, Kantian ethics, and Aristotle's moral theory. The paper concludes that the teacher's actions can be described as either ethical or unethical, depending on which particular theory is applied but that Ruggiero's criteria in evaluating these types of situations assists us in looking at the entire picture. Only by examining all of the potential effects and consequences of our actions are we able to make the correct moral decisions.
Outline:
Introduction
Analysis
Theories Applying to the Issue
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Several different ethical theories can be applied to the issue of using copyrighted materials found on the Internet for educational use. Three ethical theories to examine under the case are Utilitarian theory, Kantian ethics, and Aristotle's moral theory. According to Utilitarian theories, an action is right if it promotes the best consequences. Under these theories, the best consequences are those in which happiness is maximized. According to Utilitarian theories, the teacher's use is acceptable because the best consequence to be promoted through the use of the material sis the furtherance of education."
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Corporate Malfeasance, 2008.
This paper discusses several corporate scandals and their many negative effects.
788 words (approx. 3.2 pages), 3 sources, APA, £ 19.95
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Abstract
The paper looks at the scandals where large corporations' top management acted in an ethically and morally unsound manner, wanting more for themselves than the stakeholders that they actually worked for. The paper relates that unethical behavior of corporations results not only in a huge monetary loss but also in the loss of stakeholder trust and confidence as well as a negative effect on the stock market. The paper asserts that corporate malfeasance will be part of the corporate world in the years to come and so the answer is not in implementing more regulations, but rather ensuring that the laws and regulations already in place can prevent and detect, if not totally eradicate, corporate malfeasance in the future.
From the Paper
"The late 1990s and the early 2000 rocked the corporate world with a variety of scandals reported in the news. The scandals were brought about by several large corporations' top management doing deeds that are not only fiscally questionable but ethically and morally unsound as well. "Deceptive and fraudulent activities carried out by corporate officers, investment banks, brokerage firms and investment analysts have cost investors billions. Trusted financial market professionals abandoned ethical principles (repeatedly, in both bull and bear markets, in the most materially advantaged country ever) as they pursued excessive material well being. (Creative Investment Research, 2003)" "
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Moral Values in Economics, 2008.
This paper explores the moral issues raised by economic justice and financial responsibility.
2,931 words (approx. 11.7 pages), 5 sources, MLA, £ 59.95
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Abstract
The paper questions what role economic justice and financial responsibility have in today's world and defines the scope of this issue. The paper explores the norms, principles and guidelines that apply to the situation and provides an analysis of a morally appropriate outcome. The paper concludes with a discussion of the role of moral agency, conscience and freedom on reaching a resolution to this complex question.
Outline:
Introduction
Defining the Scope and Impact of the Question
Moral Methodology for Approaching Solution
Analysis and Discussion
Conclusion
From the Paper
"In today's economically driven world where the placement of focus and personal achievement is determined by the size of one's bank account or net worth, churches and theologians have had to come to issue with how one can balance a traditionally moral life in today's often immoral world. Out of this struggle arose the theories of economic justice and financial responsibility. The essence of these combinations is to bring traditional moral values into economics, thus allowing one to live a moral life through the proper use of their wealth."
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Bioethical Research, 2008.
This paper discusses the issue of ethics within the field of biology.
1,555 words (approx. 6.2 pages), 8 sources, APA, £ 35.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer notes that one of the elements of research that has an impact on how the research is conducted and how it is then applied is the ethics of the research design. The writer discusses that any research design is required to follow certain ethical requirements, notably those involving informed consent, but others relate to how people are chosen, what they are told of the research, how the research is analyzed, how the findings are presented and how any findings are used to implement action after that. The writer points out that certain types of research raise more ethical issues than others, and ethical concepts have been set forth more directly for some types of research than for others. How well these requirements are followed has an impact on public health, future research, legislation, and public welfare. The writer concludes that bioethics has also become more and more enmeshed with religious issues in an era where abortion is more common and the possibility of human cloning is raised, even simply the cloning of cells for stem cell research.
From the Paper
"The ethical guidelines for research, and especially for this type of research, begin with the requirement for informed consent. This means that all of the participants have to understand that they are being diverted to one or the other of these methods of treatment and that they are willing to do so. This means that the choice has been explained to them and that they understand the implications, which in this case would be that one treatment may be more effective than the other. This means that participants must be informed about the purpose of the research, how long it is to last, and the procedures to be followed. They have to know that they have the right to decline to participate and that they may indeed withdraw once the research begins if they feel that this would benefit them. The possible consequences of being in one group or the other need to be explained, which in this case means explaining the hypothesis that one of these methods is more effective than the other."
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Animal Rights, 2008.
A discussion on how ethics and morality extend to matters associated with the treatment of animals.
3,528 words (approx. 14.1 pages), 11 sources, APA, £ 68.95
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Abstract
The paper summarizes and critiques several different theories associated with the ethical treatment of animals. The paper focuses on the treatment of animals as it relates to hunting and trapping animals, eating animals, using animals for research, and the manner in which domestic and wild animals are treated. The paper summarizes and critiques several theories including anthropocentrism, animal liberation, strong animal rights theory, weak(er) animal rights theory, two-factor egalitarianism, biocentric egalitarianism and ecocentric views.
Outline:
Introduction
Anthropocentrism
Animal Liberation
Biocentric Egalitarianism
Weak Animal Rights Theory
Strong Animal Rights Theory
Two Factor Egalitarianism
Ecocentric Views
Opinion Concerning Ethical Issues and the best Theory to Address These Issues
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Finally, as it relates to the manner in which domestic and wild animals are treated, there must be standards associated with their treatment. As it relates to domestic animals there are many laws that govern their treatment and the responsibilities that owners have for their pets. As it relates to wild animals there is a definite need to have animals at zoos for the purpose of educating people. If an animal is near extinction people might have more compassion and a greater understanding of the plight of the animal if they were educated about their existence and why it needs to be preserved. Educating people may also challenge them to do what they can to preserve a particular species. As with domestic animals there are rules a regulations that govern the treatment of animals at zoos and aquariums, these regulations should be adhered to and in some cases the laws. "
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Airplane Industry Ethics, 2008.
This paper focuses on the National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB)'s conflicts of interest in investigating airplane crashes.
2,371 words (approx. 9.5 pages), 6 sources, APA, £ 49.95
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Abstract
The paper reveals that many families of the victims of airplane crashes believe the National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB) to be incapable of adequately monitoring the airline industries. The paper explains that these families charge that the NTSB is biased since it has too close a relationship with the airlines, which causes an inevitable conflict of interest. The paper points out the reliance on the airlines' integrity to hand over evidence from plane crashes and uses the crash of United Airlines Flight 585 in 1991 as a case in point. The paper discusses the need for a fair investigation and proposes using independent experts during crash investigations to achieve these unbiased findings.
From the Paper
"A plane crash, "whether a large commercial airliner or a tiny home-built ultra light sets into motion a flurry of events" and always inevitably cumulates with a National Transportation Safety Board investigation (Hise 1991:1). "The men and women of the NTSB have a rare breed of government job," in that they are nonpartisan, non-official law enforcement authorities given the investigational power to find the cause, "often beginning with little more than a handful of crushed aluminum, of almost every aviation crash they investigate" and issue a report on airplane crashes (Hise 1999:1). These men and women are supposed to be noble fact-finders, neither interested in the airline industry's financial future, the bottom line of corporate America, or even the feelings of the families and the victims of the crash."
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"Wal-mart: The High Cost of Low Price", 2008.
A critical review of the film "Wal-mart: The High Cost of Low Price" directed by Robert Greenwald.
1,603 words (approx. 6.4 pages), 5 sources, APA, £ 35.95
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Abstract
The paper describes the film "Wal-Mart: The High Cost of Low Price" as an effective, eye-opening account of the Wal-Mart legacy of exploitation, lies, deceit and snuffing out competition, all in the name of low prices for consumers. The paper discusses how the film illustrates how Wal-Mart takes over retail in communities, exploits its workers both in the United States and abroad and gleefully watches small retailers fail when they move into town. The paper posits that it is a mesmerizing look into the world of big business in America that will make any viewer stop and think about what, where and how they purchase the commodities they use every day.
From the Paper
"There are so many main points to this film it is hard to narrow them down, but ultimately, the theme is that Wal-Mart is a deceptive, unethical, and disreputable corporation. They use illegal and highly questionable business practices for the sole reason of making a huge profit, and ensuring the happiness of their shareholders. They exploit their workers both in the United States and around the world, they cost taxpayers billions of dollars in welfare and health benefits, and they gleefully run small business owners out of their long held, family-owned enterprises. And yet, they are one of the most successful retailers in history, and the largest retailer in the world."
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