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Driving Licenses: Raising the Age, 2008.
An argument against raising the legal age for obtaining a driver's license in Illinois.
722 words (approx. 2.9 pages), 3 sources, MLA, £ 15.95
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Abstract
The writer argues that there are sufficient existing rules and regulations involving obtaining a driver's license in Illinois. The writer argues further, that raising the legal age would only cause more difficulty for an age group that is, everyday, being tasked with more community responsibilities in terms of work, education and extra-curricular activities.
From the Paper
"There is currently a debate occurring in Illinois and several other states regarding the legal age for obtaining a fully privileged driver's license. The targeted ages are shifting the current minimum age for obtaining a legal driver's license from 16 to 18 years of age following a series of mandated courses, tests, and experience behind the wheel. Some of the primary arguments for doing so revolve around driver and public safety while the arguments for keeping the legal age at its current 16 years of age center on drivers' rights and the increasing demands within society placed upon teenagers."
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Therapy for Drug-Abusing Women and their Infants, 2008.
An analysis of possible therapy programs for mothers who abuse drugs and their children.
1,369 words (approx. 5.5 pages), 7 sources, APA, £ 27.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the effect of a mother's drug use on infants. It looks at the long-term health effects for the children who are born to mothers abusing drugs. The paper then focuses on possible forms of therapy for the women and the children and discusses the ability to prevent the later drug abuse of the children of drug abusing mothers.
From the Paper
"A primary focus has been placed on preventing drug abuse in the children of drug abusers, though prevention is a relatively new field. Therapists watch for some of the precursors of drug abuse, such as depression, antisocial personality, aggression, and conduct disorders. There are similarities between prevention and treatment, but there are also numerous differences. When children show evidence of depression or aggression or other precursors of later drug use, they are treated for these psychological disorders and not for drug use as such. Treatment services offered to the children of drug abusers will provide selective prevention services, while indicated prevention services are offered only to children who show precursors for drug abuse, using such interventions as individual counseling, play therapy, family therapy, behavior modification, or academic tutoring programs (Kumpfer, 1998, p. 420)."
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The Effects on Children of Domestic Violence, 2008.
A research proposal analyzing the effects of family domestic violence on children.
1,879 words (approx. 7.5 pages), 8 sources, APA, £ 36.95
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Abstract
This paper proposes a research study of adults who were child witnesses to domestic violence. The paper provides a brief literature review of the background of the effect of domestic violence upon children and explores and outlines the methodologies of the research study. The paper also reviews the ethical concerns of dealing with human subjects and the limitations of the proposed research survey.
Table of Contents:
Abstract
The Effects of Family Domestic Violence on Children
Introduction / Literature Review
Methods
Ethics Statement
Limitations of the Study
From the Paper
"The problem of domestic violence is multi-faceted. The literature review of the subject clearly demonstrates that there is no one cause and no single solution to the problem. The approach of removing the child witnesses of domestic violence and placing then in non-violent environments may not always be practical or helpful. The estimates of upwards of 10 million children annually whom are witnesses to domestic violence would create a strain of unimagined proportions upon the foster care programs across the country. The purpose of the study is to examine on possible solution to ending the generational cycle of domestic violence and reserving this solution to the most severe cases. It is unfortunately anticipated that this one measure will not be the cure-all of what is a national tragedy."
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Family Drug Use, 2008.
An examination of family dysfunction and drug abuse among young people.
2,617 words (approx. 10.5 pages), 5 sources, APA, £ 47.95
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Abstract
This paper reviews the scholarly literature as it pertains to family dysfunction and to the susceptibility of adolescents to drug abuse. Additionally, the paper provides a brief proposal of a qualitative research design the author has employed as a means of investigating how family dynamics shape the drug use tendencies of young people. The paper also looks at how parental drug abuse creates a greater predilection for drug abuse in young people.
Outline:
Literature Review of Studies Conducted On the Relationship between Family Dysfunction and Drug Abuse Among Young People
Proposed Study
Contributions, Benefits of the Study
From the Paper
"Soroor Parvizy et al (2005) employed an interview of 41 individuals using a content analysis. The data collection process was a series of semi-structured interviews but, while detail is provided with regards to the themes identified, no information was given with regards to whether or not the interviewees were randomly selected or not; on the surface, it would appear to be non-experimental. In any case, the major findings of the study are certainly interesting. According to Parvizy et al (2005), various factors - peer factors, low self-esteem or a feeling of general helplessness - all played a role in the decision to embark on the path to addiction. However, one significant factor also was that those who resorted to this behavior also had parents who were disinterested in the lives of their children and made no effort to correct behavior when they saw their children ingesting drugs. "
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Child Custody, Women and the Law, 2008.
This paper explores the issues of child custody, the principles of best interests of the child and of the primary caregiver and how women's rights are viewed in terms of international law.
2,533 words (approx. 10.1 pages), 9 sources, APA, £ 46.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that issues of custody, childcare, social responsibility, as well as the structuring of the family and economic relationships all have to be addressed within one context. The paper then argues that the legal and judicial system, both at the local and international level, regularly fails to acknowledge the context and uses approaches based on misguided assumptions. The paper further asserts that principles such as best interests of the child and primary caregiver often function in the interests of the male partner and to the detriment of both the woman and her child. The paper concludes that although feminists are advocating for legislative change at the provincial, national and international levels, it will take time before positive outcomes will be achieved.
From the Paper
"The principle of the best interests of the child has served to guide the law of custody. In order to implement the principle of the best interests of the child, considerations of custodial arrangements are inadequate; what must be regarded as the priority is the quality of the child's life which will be the result of the custody award (Rogerson, 1988). Gender is significant because of economics and the fact that women as custodial parents have a vastly different financial potential than men. Rogerson charges that current family law is unequipped to address the economic issues after marriage breakdown. Crossman and Ryder (2001), for instance, maintain that the legal system needs to avoid assumptions associated with relationship status and focus on the economic and emotional interdependence between the two partners."
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Including Children in Celebrating the Eucharist, 2008.
An analysis of the history of the Eucharist and a discussion over the advantages and disadvantages of including children in its celebration.
1,465 words (approx. 5.9 pages), 4 sources, MLA, £ 29.95
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Abstract
This paper examines the Eucharist, the rite that Christians perform as part of their liturgy marking the liturgical re-enactment of Christ's actions at the Last Supper. The paper explores the origins and history of this rite and discusses the benefits and negative aspects of including children in the celebration. The paper then argues that it is very important that children participate in its celebration.
From the Paper
"These questions are revealing of both the curiosity of the children, and the lack of adequate preparation that they were given regarding the rite that they would perform later that day. It is likely that the majority of children experiencing First Communion possess similar questions which, unlike these children's questions, probably go unanswered. It may be argued that full participation in the Eucharist should be accompanied by better teaching of children as to the significance of the Eucharist. This should be expressed not simply in theological terms but, as one of Benedict's questioners asked, in terms of their "everyday life" as well. A fuller understanding of the Eucharist will allows this children to participate on a deeper level in the Eucharist, and thereby mature into fuller lives as Christian adults."
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Single Parenthood and Child Development, 2008.
An analysis of the impact of being the son or daughter of a single parent upon the development - cognitive, emotional and physical - of a young person.
4,005 words (approx. 16.0 pages), 15 sources, APA, £ 66.95
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Abstract
This paper reviews how thecognitive, emotional and physical development of a child is impacted because of being raised by a single parent. In particular, the paper argues that single parenthood in and of itself is not necessarily a bad thing, but rather that many single parents are ill-equipped educationally, temperamentally, cognitively and psychologically for the stresses of single parenthood and their struggles create complications for their children. Moreover, the paper offers some policy suggestions for improving single parent homes, for political elites and scholars.
Table of Contents:
Abstract
Introduction
School Performance And Being The Children Of Single Parents
Physical Well-Being And Being The Child Of A Single-Parent
Psychological Aspects Of Being A Child Of A Single Parent
Conclusion: Recommendations For Helping Children In Single Parent Households Reach Their Full Potential (Along With Policy Implications And Future Research Directions)
From the Paper
"On that note, it is important that educators and health officials begin by doing what they can to involve single parents in the school endeavors and extra-curricular activities of their children. For instance, a 1986 study by Weber took note of the fact that parents of mentally handicapped children who fail to attend individualized educational plans (IEPs) are usually non-white, come from lower economic backgrounds and are single parents; they also tended to be people who placed more responsibility for their children's educational programs in the hands of professionals (Weber, 1986). If there is one thing that needs to be done, it is to educate single parents about the importance of their becoming active participants in decisions that will ultimately effect the kind of care and attention their loved ones receive; without their involvement, it is entirely possible that the one voice that can argue most impassionedly on behalf of their children will be the one voice that no one hears."
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The Causes of Rape, 2008.
A review of the book "The Minds of Boys: Saving Our Sons from Falling Behind in School and Life." by Michael Gurian's and Kathy Stevens.
1,330 words (approx. 5.3 pages), 1 source, APA, £ 27.95
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Abstract
This paper examines Michael Gurian's and Kathy Stevens' book on the causes of rape, "The Minds of Boys: Saving Our Sons from Falling Behind in School and Life." by Michael Gurian and Kathy Stevens." The paper discusses the excellent manner in which Michael Gurian and Kathy Stevens touch upon the need for parents to make the early years of a boy's life ones in which emotional intelligence and bonding capabilities are established. The paper then outlines how teachers (and society as a whole) must do a better job of recognizing the vulnerabilities of men and the challenges they face. The paper also looks at the contradictory "messages" that society transmits to young men and how they contribute to incidences of sexual violence. In conclusion, the paper shows that until the psychological, emotional and scholastic needs of boys are fully met by society, sexual violence will continue to be a frightening menace.
From the Paper
"The tension between men and women has grown substantially in recent decades as the initial fight for equality waged by feminists on behalf of all women gradually gave way to a "gender feminism" all-too-often typified by anti-male rhetoric and by a legislative agenda that privileged the needs of girls over boys. Not surprisingly, this anger and resentment has dramatically increased the prospects of an all-out "gender war" that will leave both sides as victims."
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"Winning the War Against Youth Gangs", 2008.
A review of the arguments in and presentation of Valerie Wiener's book, "Winning the War Against Gangs: A Guide for Teens, Families, and Communities."
736 words (approx. 2.9 pages), 1 source, MLA, £ 16.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses and reviews Valerie Wiener's book, "Winning the War Against Gangs: A Guide for Teens, Families, and Communities." The paper discusses Wiener's points and the ways that she presents her points in the book. It discusses the positive and negative aspects of her arguments and the presentation of her points and concludes that the problem of gangs need a better guide.
From the Paper
"Gangs have serious drawbacks. Gangs often require brutal initiation rituals. They often involve young people in crime. They are pushing youngsters into violence. To a young person who feels that he (or she) has nothing and has no place in the world, however, a gang is often attractive compared to the alternative, nihilistic emptiness. Wiener does not yet have the compelling answers that she would like to provide. The teens, families, and communities seeking to deal with the problem of gangs need a better guide."
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Prostitution in the U.S.A., 2008.
This paper argues that prostitution in the U.S.A. should be legalized.
2,120 words (approx. 8.5 pages), 12 sources, MLA, £ 40.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that, although prostitution is often referred to as the world's oldest profession, it is not so much a profession as a job of last resort for marginalized, poor women. The author argues that it needs to be recognized that prostitutes are workers like everyone else and should enjoy the same rights and protections. The paper stresses that, most importantly, prostitutes must not be further victimized by punitive legislation. The author points out that, since the prostitution industry will not go away, society should stop wasting tax dollars on trying to forcibly eliminate it. The paper recommends that steps should be taken to make life easier for these sex workers by such actions as providing health care.
Table of Contents:
Executive Summary
Introduction
Background: How We Think about Prostitution
Purpose of the Study
Scope of the Study: Abuse Faced by Prostitutes
Sources and Methods
Reasons Why Prostitutes Do Not Use Legal and Policing
Resources, and Suggested Solutions
Reasons for Not Reporting Crimes
Why We Have an Obligation to Protect Prostitutes
The Current Legal Situation in the USA
Decriminalization: A Possible Solution?
Treating Prostitutes with the Same Respect as Other Workers
Ensuring Prostitutes have Access to Health Care
Recommendations
From the Paper
"Since the 1970s, prostitution and related crimes have been totally illegal in the USA (except in thirteen counties in Nevada). The legal definitions of prostitution that are used vary, but most define prostitution as an exchange of money for sex. There are also laws against pandering and procuring, which are directed at people such as pimps. The legal definition of pimping is usually living off the earnings of a prostitute. This is usually totally illegal. All of these laws totally ignore the fact that prostitution is often not a choice."
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The Biracial Family, 2008.
This paper reviews "Clover" by Doris Sanders.
1,066 words (approx. 4.3 pages), 4 sources, APA, £ 22.95
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Abstract
The paper discusses the book "Clover" by Doris Sanders that portrays the life of a young black child reared by a white woman in a close-knit, African-American farming community. The paper considers the book's dominant themes of intermarriage and women and work and highlights Sanders' depiction of gender-specific expectations.
Outline:
Part One: Summary of Text
Intermarriage
Women and Work
From the Paper
"Dori Sander's, Clover, is a thoughtful look at what it is like to be a young black child reared by a white woman in a close-knit, African-American farming community. The book explores Clover's own conflicting feelings towards Sara Kate and the difficult time Sara Kate experiences by virtue of being a white interloper in a protective and tightly-bound black extended family. Furthermore, the book looks at how Clover finds herself uncomfortably straddling two worlds that are divided by cleavages that extend beyond race. To wit, Sara Kate is well-educated and intelligent and white (and apparently fairly upper-class) and Clover's family is working poor, African-American, rural and not terribly urbane. In a real sense, the little girl is the embodiment of the fears, tensions and insecurities many children endure when thrust into biracial marriages in a society that has not yet embraced them."
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The Dissolution of the "Nuclear Family", 2008.
An analysis of the contributing factors to and the implications of the dissolution of the nuclear family structure.
1,499 words (approx. 6.0 pages), 7 sources, MLA, £ 30.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the trend of the shift away from the nuclear family structure. It discusses the social and evolutionary changes that have contributed to this shift, as well as the psychological and social implications to the family of the shift. The paper discusses some of the problems that have been associated with this shift towards an individualistic society.
From the Paper
"The shift from the nuclear family toward an individualistic society seems inevitable, and yet regrettable. The social and psychological results of the shift hold substantial risk to all members of society. Under the individualistic model, adults are not guaranteed the "vital" functions of sex and conjugal bonds (Soto 499). Adults and children are both at risk in the absence of a nuclear family structure due to the lack of permanent or stable paternity and childcare. Finally, children are at risk of social and psychological confusion, as well as the lack of "patrimonial knowledge" gained from a cohesive parental unit (Soto 499). Children raised without a clear structure or understanding of their social system create a cycle wherein society fails to protect and work for its members. As such, the individual and the family are in crisis as it becomes more and more socially acceptable to move away from the nuclear family model."
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Teen-aged Pregnancy, 2008.
This paper is a proposal to study the relationship of culture and attitudes to teen-aged pregnancies.
3,095 words (approx. 12.4 pages), 13 sources, APA, £ 55.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that, for at least a century in North America, the phenomenon of teen-aged pregnancy has been examined as social malady with its pathology in questions of low morality or education, sexual abuse, low self-esteem or other defects of the affected girl. The author points out that there is relatively little research on how a pregnancy may directly harm the teen-aged girl. The paper proposes a project of straightforward functionalism to gain possibly new insights into how this phenomenon originates and how it continues when North American girls mainly are well informed as to reproduction, birth control and the non-desirability of teen-aged pregnancy. The author underscores that some cultures regard teen-aged pregnancy as less negative than a much abhorred termination of pregnancy.
Table of Contents:
Introduction
Reflection on a Timeless Issue
Review of Literature
Theoretical Considerations
Methodology
Analysis
Ethical Considerations
Dissemination of Findings
Conclusion
From the Paper
"All persons to express interest in becoming participants in the project, or those merely wishing to ask about its nature and aims, will be assured verbally of the confidentiality of what they, or someone they know, may choose to contribute. When a person is contacted with a brief questionnaire a formal written guarantee of confidentiality will be provided that explains clearly the purposes of the research and its potential uses. The imperatives of confidentiality and explaining a sound agenda of research in terms of wanting to clarify why teenaged pregnancy occurs and attitudes towards it are obvious."
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Childhood Obesity and School Lunches: A Letter, 2008.
A letter to a legislator regarding school lunch programs as a contributing factor to childhood obesity.
728 words (approx. 2.9 pages), 3 sources, MLA, £ 15.95
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Abstract
The paper presents a letter in regard to the issue of childhood obesity and, in particular, how lunch programs in children's schools are contributing to this problem. The letter recommends increasing the number of physical education classes in schools and switching school milk supplies to organic milk to avoid the genetically engineered growth hormones in cows and beef cattle.
From the Paper
"In recent decades, increases in levels of obesity in children have reached the scale of a major public heath problem in Western countries. In Canada, for example, rates of overweight/obese children have more than doubled in the past twenty years, with estimates suggesting as many as 30% of Canadian children are obese (Veugelers and Fitzgerald 607). The numbers from the United States over the same time period are very similar (Whitmore). It is widely acknowledged in the scholarly literature on children and nutrition that the two primary mechanisms contributing to recent increase in obesity levels among children are poor nutrition and a lack of adequate exercise (Veugelers and Fitzgerald 607)."
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