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Children on the Internet, 2007.
This paper explores the use of the Internet by children and looks at how the Internet has become a part of daily life.
2,083 words (approx. 8.3 pages), 7 sources, MLA, £ 44.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer demonstrates that it is obvious that the Internet has become an important educational resource and a powerful social element for children. The writer also discusses that while the Internet provides children with a wealth of learning opportunities, it can also potentially expose them to negative content, for although it allows benefits such as socialization, research and communication tools for children, it also contains negative elements such as violence, hate sites, isolation, commercialism, predators, and pornography. The writer concludes that the best safeguards for parents are to remain involved in their child's activities by actively monitoring online usage and to establish open and honest communication.
From the Paper
"In a series of studies published by the American Psychological Association on April 30, 2006, roughly 75 to 90 percent of American teenagers use the Internet to email, instant message, visit chat rooms and surf online Web sites, all of which can have both positive and negative effects, from encouraging self-injury practices to improving academic performance."
"One study, the HomeNetToo Project, by Michigan State University examined the positive effects of home Internet access on children's academic performance by following 140 children aged 10-18 years from low-income households for a two-year period (Borzekowski). Researchers found that the children who used the Internet for an average of thirty minutes a day had higher standardized test scores in reading and higher grade point averages at one year and at 16 months after the project began, yet Internet use had no effect on standardized math scores."
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The Effects of TV, 2006.
A discussion regarding how TV and the media influence young children.
2,119 words (approx. 8.5 pages), 6 sources, MLA, £ 45.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the impact that the media has on children and society. The paper also discusses the idea that due to television and the media, childhood has disappeared.
From the Paper
"Gauntlett (1998) disagrees. He believes that researchers go about their studies the wrong way. Instead of looking to the media as influencing and encouraging violent behavior, we should be looking at social factors like poverty, unemployment, and abuse. He cites a study of young offenders who watched the same TV programs as non-offenders. When they were asked to name someone on TV they would want to be like, they were unable to name anyone, and according to Gauntlett, this shows they were not very involved with television watching, yet they engaged in violent behavior. He believes the "effects model" of research treats children as though they were unable to think for themselves. Researchers often view children, he says, as other. They define children negatively in terms of what they cannot do, while research that seeks to establish what children can do shows that children are really sophisticated about the media and therefore not that influenced by what they see. "
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ADHD, 2006.
A discussion regarding the issue of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder or ADHD.
2,329 words (approx. 9.3 pages), 12 sources, MLA, £ 48.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses how over the last several years there has been an increase in interest with regard to attention deficit hyperactivity disorder or ADHD. According to the paper, research regarding ADHD has been significantly focused on educating individuals with the disorder. The paper takes a look at the issue of mainstreaming children with ADHD.
Outline:
Review of Literature
Definition of ADHD
Overview of Diversity Issues
Conclusion of Learning base
From the Paper
"As a secondary reason, in addition to a better system for children at all needs levels this work will also serve to educate the reader about the signs and symptoms of ADHD, not only to provide a greater understanding of the needs of the child but to allow for intervention as it is often the teacher who first makes observations about a child that may indicate a problem. Teachers are often the ones who must broach the subject with parents and other educators about a child possibly having special needs and it has been show that early intervention is one of the best results for the child's long-term success in in life. (Mcgoey, Eckert, and Dupaul 14) Further more the diagnosis of ADHD must be done by a psychiatric professional and a referral is as far as most teachers should go, as identifying ADHD over other normal situational occurrences can be difficult, especially in the case of gifted children who in many ways exhibit some of the same behaviors as a child with ADHD."
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Teenage Mothers, 2007.
A literature review and research proposal into the study of factors influencing teenager girls to become mothers.
2,476 words (approx. 9.9 pages), 10 sources, MLA, £ 51.95
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Abstract
This paper provides a proposal for research that will examine the impact certain family factors have on teenager females becoming teenage mothers. The paper explores the problem of teen pregnancy and provides a literature review on research that has been conducted in the past on similar subjects. The paper then proposes a method of study and methods of data collection and analysis for this research.
Table of Contents:
Introduction
Literature Review
Methodology
Participants
Data Analysis
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Research about teenage pregnancy is abundant in many areas of risk outside of family protective factors. Much of this research highlights the need for further study while also answering questions about the causes and problems associated with teenage pregnancy. One study identified risk factors for early pregnancy as they related to emotional stability among the teenage mothers. The study examined teenagers who had been diagnosed as severely emotionally disturbed, (SED). The study was conducted over a seven year period and it used 190 female adolescents. The study followed them to determine what number of them would become pregnant while they were still in their teenage years (Greenbaum, 2002). The study was initiated when the selected participants were between the ages of nine and 18 years old."
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Internet Censorship, 2007.
An argument against John Carr's suggestion in "It's Time to Tackle Cyberporn" that censoring the Internet is the most effective way to prevent children from accessing pornography.
1,280 words (approx. 5.1 pages), 4 sources, MLA, £ 29.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the article by John Carr entitled "It's Time to Tackle Cyberporn." The paper argues that Carr's solution to Internet pornography is too radical and that it fails to lay the responsibility for keeping children out of trouble, with the parents, where it belongs. The paper goes on to suggest that his solution steps on the Bill of Rights, which guarantees freedom of speech.
Table of Contents:
Introduction: Why is Internet Porn an Issue? What's Wrong?
Criteria For My Argument
Ethical Argument: Principles
Ethical Argument: Consequences
From the Paper
"Two, Carr suggests a "ratings system" where, like music and movies, parents would be able to see whether it's "family-friendly" or not. This is an absurd notion, since there are virtually thousands of new Web sites going online every day, and the trickery that can be used in presenting the substance of their material will fool any ratings software. And in order to promote his point about strict ratings system Carr uses emotional arguments rather than principle-based arguments. He refers to those like the American Civil Liberties Union (ACLU) - who resist any form of censorship on the Web - as having "anxieties...[that are] at best misplaced and at worst paranoid, reckless or self-serving." So, his principle arguments are one, outdated, and two, based on speculation about possible "ratings systems" - which are not bad, but have limited application to the real problem, which is parents who do not supervise their children with intelligent, firm strategies."
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Nurtured Heart Approach, 2007.
This paper discusses the effects of the nurtured heart approach as a method of treating difficult children.
874 words (approx. 3.5 pages), 2 sources, MLA, £ 21.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer explores the nurtured heart approach of behavior therapy. The writer explains that the topic of behavior disordered children has always been a volatile one. The writer then points out that experts in the fields of child psychology and education not only disagree how to treat the disorders, they sometimes disagree on whether the disorders even exist. The he writer examines Dr. Howard Glasser's approach to treating difficult children, including those who have been diagnosed with attention deficit disorder (ADHD), obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD), oppositional defiant disorder (ODD) and other behavior related disorders. The writer concludes that with the nurtured heart approach to behavior in a classroom, students will realize that negative behavior gets no response, while positive behavior gets compliments, rewards and credits.
Outline:
Introduction
What It Is
Conclusion
References
From the Paper
"The first thing the approach stresses is the fact that intense, or difficult children do not react normally to the basic rules of parenting. While parents of these children may be dedicated and trying everything they can to get these children turned around they are often faced with defiance and refusal to comply. It can be frustrating for the parents, the teachers and the children who are involved. It can also be difficult on remaining family members."
"The Nurtured Heart Approach believes that these children are programmed in a way that an entirely different approach is needed to make the child change behavior patterns, and consequently gain confidence in his or her ability to fit into society and succeed."
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Contextual Factors Influencing Classrooms, 2006.
A discussion regarding the impact of contextual factors on the learning and teaching process and the student-teacher relationship.
1,178 words (approx. 4.7 pages), 3 sources, MLA, £ 27.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses how, in teaching practice, it has been accepted that teaching and learning do not occur in a vacuum. According to the paper, studies have shown how the remarkable creativity of individual teachers can bring contextual factors creatively to life in teaching and learning.
Outline:
Students
Teachers
Resources
From the Paper
"This could be indicative of the general orientation in the classroom. Because the majority of the school population is black, there may be a tendency to focus on this group and its concerns in the educational effort itself. This shows the importance of inclusivity in the classroom. In terms of context, it is vitally important to make individual students feel like part of the classroom as well as welcome in its proceedings. Hence, in the case of Kansas City, demographic groups in the greatest minority should be the most pertinent focus in classroom interaction. This is one of the ideas echoed by educators such as Paolo Freire. Freire and others promote the ideal of inclusivity in the classroom. When a child is made to feel important not only in terms of the individual self, but also in terms of culture, he or she receives vast motivation to perform. This appears to be substantiated by the provided statistics."
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Child Development, 2007.
An analysis of the debate over the role that culture plays in the development of children.
1,503 words (approx. 6.0 pages), 6 sources, MLA, £ 33.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the roles of nature versus nurture in the development of children. The paper discusses the view that a child's culture plays an important role in his or her development and goes into detail about the profound effects that subcultures can have on children. It then looks at the concept of cognitive solipsism, which suggests that at birth, brain structure and future function are already rigidly set. The paper compares these views and concludes that the degree to which culture affects a child's development must continue to be explored.
From the Paper
"B. F. Skinner took a different view. His writing is often misunderstood to suggest that neither outside influences nor genetics have any significant role in shaping behavior. Actually, Skinner did not say that. He ignored issues such as genetics because he was interested in behavior with identifiable causes, and hence, behavior that could be changed (Debell, 1992). Skinner never statesd that behavior is largely determined by environmental factors, although many have interpreted his work in that way (Debell, 1992). Because Skinner's focus was exclusively on environmental causes of behavior, it is easy to conclude that he discounted the role of physiology and genetics in shaping our behavior. On the contrary, Skinner did not discount or oppose the role of genetics. Rather, he generally ignored it, because he was interested in looking for causes of behavior that we can control (Debell, 1992)."
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Athletes as Role Models, 2007.
A discussion on whether sports stars are appropriate role models for children.
1,052 words (approx. 4.2 pages), 13 sources, MLA, £ 24.95
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Abstract
The paper discusses how the sports entertainment industry has transformed many athletes into stars. The paper examines how Michael Jordan was rated more popular than then-President George Bush. The paper further examines how star athletes are household names and advertising powerhouses. The paper explores how many children idolize these athletes and aspire to their achievements. The writer proposes that this raises the question of whether or not professional athletes are appropriate role models for today's youth.
From the Paper
"While these arguments have merit, they ignore the fact that professional athletes are already role models, at least in the eyes of millions of young people. Moreover, this adulation accorded to athletes is far from new. History is replete with examples of the hero worship that has been shown to professional athletes - from the gladiators of ancient Rome to the American Gridiron. This willing hero worship renders the question of whether "professional athletes are role modes as moot. They already are role models for millions."
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ADHD, 2006.
A discussion on attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).
2,974 words (approx. 11.9 pages), 6 sources, MLA, £ 59.95
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Abstract
This paper begins with a brief review of ADHD and continues to discuss the causes of the disorder. The other also discusses its diagnosis and treatment. The author expands on the role of the school in dealing with children with ADHD and offers truths on common myths. In the conclusion, information on ADHD in adulthood is given.
Outline:
Introduction
Causes
Diagnosis
Treatment
ADHD and School
Myths About ADHD
ADHD in Adulthood
Bibliography
From the Paper
"Schools can play a helpful role in the use of medication. Very often, the effect of medication can best be observed at school, which is structured and has specific expectations. While often parents look to teachers to report back regarding how well medication is working, some think that having more trained observers might benefit the process of medication management. In one study, the researchers surveyed school psychologists to see how many of them included observation for reports of response to medication as part of their jobs. "
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Pro-Prayers, 2006.
A discussion regarding the controversial issue of prayers at school.
1,438 words (approx. 5.8 pages), 4 sources, MLA, £ 32.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses how prayers in schools have mostly been touted as activities that violate the rights to religious freedom. According to the paper, many parents feel that since they do not believe in God, their children must not be asked to recite the name of God in schools. The paper further discusses whether the name of God should be removed from schools and if not what would be the benefits of keeping this tradition in the schools.
From the Paper
"Every child needs something greater than himself to hold on to. They need to understand that when they are being asked to do something good and avoid evil, there are rewards waiting for them from that highest power. I feel there is nothing wrong with reciting prayers and pledge in schools because it leads to the creation of a better and more responsible society where caste and creed differences can be minimized since everyone is looking up to the same power i.e. God and pledging allegiance to the same country i.e. America. The opponents however feel that the law should be secular in nature, it should not seek to support of 'advance' any one religion and thirdly it must not give evidence of government's intervention in religious matters. They feel that Pledge of Allegiance does not sound secular because of the word God in it; secondly it does seem to promote the belief that God is present and He is one. This means that even if no particular religion is being promoted, the pledge does contain words which make it religious in nature and give everyone an impression that government endorses and agree with Christian religious beliefs of monotheism. The law also violates the establishment clause, which calls for separation of church and state. (Ostling, 2001)"
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Bulimia Nervosa, 2007.
This paper examines the symptoms and treatment of bulimia nervosa.
1,644 words (approx. 6.6 pages), 8 sources, MLA, £ 36.95
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Abstract
This paper presents a thorough discussion of bulimia nervosa, including its symptoms, the damage it may potentially cause and treatment. The author examines new theories behind the development of this condition. Additionally,the paper outlines who is at risk for becoming bulimic. The paper concludes with treatment options, citing which patients may have positive outcomes, and the personality traits that lead to less successful outcomes.
From the Paper
"The term bulimia is derived from the Greek word for ox hunger and depicts the extreme nature of binge eating. Cases of bulimia nervosa, which is characterized by binge eating and purging, were not reported until the 1970s. The formal criteria of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 4th edition (DSM-IV), require that both the binge eating and the compensatory behavior occur, on average, at least twice a week for a period of three months: "Purging or other compensatory weight-loss measures: regular self-induced vomiting or misuse of laxatives or diuretics in the purging type; other inappropriate compensatory behavior, such as fasting or excessive exercise, in the nonpurging type." There are three main modes of purging: self-induced vomiting, abuse of laxatives, and misuse of diuretics. Most patients with bulimia induce vomiting with a finger, but some use ipecac. As the illness progresses, many can vomit reflexively without mechanical stimulation. The medical complications of bulimia nervosa are related to the mode and frequency of purging, whereas in anorexia nervosa, they arise as a result of starvation (restricting) and weight loss. "
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Scoliosis, 2006.
A look at adolescent idiopathic scoliosis.
1,322 words (approx. 5.3 pages), 6 sources, MLA, £ 30.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses adolescent idiopathic scoliosis which is defined as a lateral spinal curvature of greater than 10 degrees and for which no pathological cause can be determined and the initial assessment focuses on the identification of any treatable underlying pathology. According to the paper, this condition is probably genetic. The paper further discusses the symptoms of the condition and related problems.
From the Paper
"For patients with a curve severe enough to require surgery (greater than 45 degrees in adolescents and greater that 50 degrees in adults), rod placement and bone grafting may be necessary to achieve partial or complete correction (Greiner). Surgical intervention may improve the curve, unlike bracing that is intended merely to stop curve progression (Bassett). Arthrodesis, or fusion, of the vertebrae in the corrected position will keep the spine in the corrected position (Bassett). Bone is usually taken from the iliac crest to use as bone graft and to facilitate spinal fusion, however allograft bone may also be used (Bassett). Usually, fusion of the spine becomes solid about six months postoperatively, and then the majority of patients are permitted to resume normal physical activities (Bassett). "
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Drug Abuse, 2006.
A discussion regarding the use of illicit drugs in the USA.
1,270 words (approx. 5.1 pages), 6 sources, MLA, £ 29.95
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Abstract
This paper takes a look at the issue of drug abuse in the United States and the impact it has on American society. According to the paper, more than a third of the population have tried at least one form of banned drug. The paper discusses how the three drugs that are commonly abused are ecstasy, methamphetamine and marijuana.
From the Paper
"First-time users often claim that methamphetamine made them feel like Superman, as if they could accomplish anything, however that first-time high is difficult to repeat, which causes the individual to use more and more (Ladika). While meth initially heightens concentration and increases alertness, the "honeymoon period" is fairly short and many people move into addiction, which can take a toll on physical and mental health (Ladika). In addition to a decline in personal hygiene, because meth decreases blood flow, it can cause an itching sensation that causes the users to scratch themselves repeatedly, leading to skin lesions (Ladika). The decreased blood supply may also damage the soft tissue of the gums, and the chemicals within meth attack the tooth enamel, causing what is referred to as "meth mouth," with teeth decaying down to the gum line (Ladika). According to a study at the University of California, Los Angeles, which used high-resolution MRIs, meth destroys the areas of the brain that control memory, emotion and reward systems, and regular users lose approximately 1 percent of their brain cells each year, "which is comparable to the effect of Alzheimer's disease" (Ladika). Meth can also increase the chance for a stroke and high blood pressure, and can cause mood swings, paranoia and anxiety (Ladika)."
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