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Hockey and Canada's Identity, 2008.
This paper examines hockey's role in Canada's search for an all-embracing national identity.
1,389 words (approx. 5.6 pages), 5 sources, MLA, £ 31.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer discusses what being "Canadian" means. In other words, the writer looks at the essence of the Canadian national identity. The writer notes that this is a surprisingly difficult question to answer and that it will not suffice to say that being Canadian means not-being-American! In this essay, the difficulties inherent in defining Canadian national identity are discussed. Furthermore, the paper argues that hockey has gained even greater symbolic currency in recent years as one of the few institutions that one still imagines to be truly Canadian.
From the Paper
"There are not many countries in the world where people wonder as much about their national identity as in Canada. Most Iraqis, for example, seem pretty clear about who they are, as do most South Africans, most Americans, most Brits, etc. Perhaps it has something to do with the fact that Canada maintains allegiance to the British queen, despite the fact that most Canadians will never see her Majesty, or stand under the grey skies of Great Britain - and at the same time, we are neighbours to the greatest, most dominant empire ever seen on the planet, i.e. the USA. Perhaps it is this that leads Canadians to their sense of confusion - we're no longer British, we definitely don't want to be American - so what are we? Moreover, it does not help that NAFTA, globalization and a spreading global mono-culture are clouding the issue further."
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Urban Homelessness in Canada, 2008.
This paper discusses the problem of homelessness in urban areas of Canada.
1,572 words (approx. 6.3 pages), 7 sources, APA, £ 35.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer briefly reviews the homelessness crisis afflicting many urban centers in Canada. Specifically, the paper looks at the causes of the problem, the attitudes of politicians and what they have done to combat the scourge. In addition, the writer discusses what can be done to rescue the situation. The writer maintains that social housing and rent supplements will save lives and will also allow Canadian cities to save money by sparing them the burden of having to care for ill and at-risk individuals who lack a roof over their heads.
From the Paper
"When one takes the time to probe into the matter, it is fairly clear - and lamentably so - that politicians have done a poor job of creating an official mandate for bureaucrats that makes them accountable, responsive and congenial to the needs of the most vulnerable members of Canadian society. For instance, homeless women contacted by the Toronto Star in a survey conducted within the last year report that government welfare offices who should be offering assistance to the homeless often view them with borderline disdain. Not to be overlooked, women in Toronto who have used that city's shelters in the past detail the troubling absence of security for women leaving the shelters after using their services. Indeed, a woman named Kathy Kunsman reports that sexual predators would literally line up in close proximity to the shelters so that they could accost women as they left."
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First Nations Literature, 2008.
A critical look at North American culture as seen through First Nations literature.
920 words (approx. 3.7 pages), 3 sources, MLA, £ 22.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses 'First Nations literature' as referring to the poems, novels, stories, plays, legends and songs created by Aboriginal writers from North America. The paper describes the lack of First Nation literature and how what does exist reflects upon North American society. The paper provides examples from two books (a novel and an historical text), a play, and a film in its analysis.
From the Paper
"The very making of this film offers a critique on North American society, as the filmmakers hoped to revitalize Inuit traditions and bring the legends of the past to a whole new generation of youth. The new growth in Native literature is continuing this trend, with distinctive Aboriginal voices speaking up to offer a renewed critique of Western society. This literature is uniquely capable of reminding all North Americans about the continued impact of our bloody history, the contemporary failure to ensure social justice for all, and the need for hope in creating a shared future together."
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Political Parties in Canada, 2008.
An analysis of the political system of Canada and its political parties.
1,275 words (approx. 5.1 pages), 3 sources, MLA, £ 29.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the political make-up in Canada, focusing on the political parties that make up the government. The paper examines the role within government of the non-Canadian un-elected monarch, who is currently the Queen of England. The paper looks at the ongoing discussion in Canada about ways to make the country more a democracy and to protect the democratic institutions that have been created.
From the Paper
"The system for both domestic and foreign policy issues tends to be a pluralist democracy even as leaders promote the idea of a representative democracy. The system is unjust because it ignores or devalues millions of people, perhaps the majority of the citizenry, while responding to the loudest groups either in terms of those spending more money or those making their views heard most clearly. At the same time, it is difficult to see how it could be otherwise at the federal level, the sheer size of which reduces the link between elected representatives and the people they serve. Leaders will always respond more readily to the constituents they hear than to those who do not make their views known, and this necessarily means public interest groups and elites that make their views known will have more power."
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"Regulating Girls and Women", 2008.
A review of the strengths and weaknesses of Joan Sangster's book, "Regulating Girls and Women - Sexuality, Family and the Law in Ontario, 1920-1960."
1,680 words (approx. 6.7 pages), 1 source, MLA, £ 37.95
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Abstract
This paper reviews Joan Sangster's book, "Regulating Girls and Women - Sexuality, Family and the Law in Ontario, 1920-1960", and describes the strengths and weaknesses of the book. The paper argues that there is room to ask whether or not legal and social realities have changed much with regard to girls and women entering a reformed criminal justice system.
From the Paper
"Institutionally, all appears to have worked to protect women in Canadian family law that made men responsible for wives and children should they desert them. There were assault laws that seemed to direct high standards in the home and with the interval of 1920 to 1960 seeing the appearance of Toronto's Juvenile and Family Court as seemed to promise that family issues were taken seriously, just as the Children's Aid Society attended to child welfare. The ideal was one of producing 'social' hearings or trials that would reflect social investigation and clinical expertise as promised better family law. (p. 55) However, Sangster is able to show that law was really carried over from before, was not always enforced in ways that protected women, in effect, and that very old-fashioned thinking governed society's ideals for female citizens. The same interval produced the Mercer Reformatory for Women which aimed to make 'honest' or respectable women according to a certain mold from women thought to be immoral, as in convicted prostitutes, or in need of correction through labor."
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Ontario as an Economic Region State, 2008.
An analysis of the implications of and factors contributing to the process of Ontario disengaging from its previous role in the Canadian federation and re-defining itself as a North American region state.
1,978 words (approx. 7.9 pages), 7 sources, MLA, £ 42.95
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Abstract
This paper critically examines the process of Ontario disengaging from its previous role in the Canadian federation and re-defining itself as a North American region state, due to a consequence of a range of political, economic, and social factors. The paper discusses Ontario's origins and features, as well as its future implications. The paper then argues that the primary causal factors behind this process have been the policy rift between the Ontario provincial government and the federal government, a North-South economic realignment supplanting intra-provincial trade relations, and the phenomenon of globalization.
Table of Contents:
Introduction
What is a "Region State"?
Ontario and the ROC: Fraying Economic Ties
Ontario and Ottawa: Policy Differences
Ontario as a Globalized Region State
From the Paper
"In terms of Ontario as a region state, we can currently see this region-international process underway in terms of the growing region to region trade between Ontario and key economic regions of the United States. Consider, for example, Ontario's trade relationship with Michigan - the automotive production region of the United States - in which in 2005 Ontario enjoying a remarkable trade surplus exporting goods and services worth over CAN $55 billion and importing goods and services worth over CAN $25 billion. While the trade relationship with Michigan is clearly an exceptional case given the important industrial significance of the automotive industry that links Michigan and Ontario, such large scale trading relationships can be seen between Ontario and major American regions. For example, in 2005 Ontario also enjoyed a trade surplus with the state of New York, to which it exported over CAN $11 billion in goods and services, and imported over CAN $10 billion."
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The Canadian State as a Racist Political Culture, 2008.
This paper discusses the development of the Canadian state as a racist political culture.
1,318 words (approx. 5.3 pages), 4 sources, MLA, £ 30.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer discusses that in Canada in the early 21st century there is the widespread belief that racism is largely a concern of other countries given such state policies as multiculturalism. This being said, this essay argues, through the critical examination of scholarly texts on the subject, that, in fact, the development of Canada as a racist political culture defines the fundamental institutions of the Canadian state to the present day. The writer maintains that when Canada is considered in terms of its historical development, in terms of its policy making - as in the case of multiculturalism - or in terms of its political culture manifested in the mass media and the economy, there exists overwhelmingly evidence in support of the contention that Canada is a fundamentally racist political culture.
From the Paper
"Consider, for example, the unrest that has often erupted in Canada between Aboriginals and the government/land developers who are seeking to build on sacred Aboriginal lands. Even if we set aside the issue that all of the North American continent itself originally belonged to the ancestors of these Aboriginals, the fact that it has been so difficult for these First Nations to enforce their treaty rights through the courts that they must resort to peaceful civil disobedience is evidence of the radical inequality in the Canadian social, political and economic systems. Indeed, as the conflicts years ago at Akwasasne and Oka, dissent and civil disruption appear to be the only way that marginalized populations can make their case in the public arena given that they are effectively dispossessed."
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The Definition of Urban, 2008.
An examination of the definitions for "urban" as applicable to the city of Toronto.
1,101 words (approx. 4.4 pages), 3 sources, MLA, £ 26.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses possible definitions for the term "urban" as it is used in urban studies. The paper particularly focuses on the term in relation to Toronto. The paper shows how Canada has tried to solve the debate of the definition of "urban," by creating definitions based on population size and population density. It discusses the pros and cons of such a definition and provides examples to illustrate the points made.
From the Paper
"The perfect example of this argument is the Dundas Square
in Toronto. This public space was built in response to economic, political and social relationships that had developed in that area of Toronto. As a result a physical space was constructed that was a symbolic representation of these relationships. After the space was built new social, economic and political relationships were established in and around this space. This included new businesses, a different use of the space itself and a number of other activities that did not occur in this area before Dundas Square was built."
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Immigration and Canadian Economics, 2008.
This paper looks at the issue of immigration in Canada as it relates to the economy.
1,717 words (approx. 6.9 pages), 8 sources, APA, £ 37.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer discusses that with the large increase of immigrants arriving in the last part of the twentieth century and the beginning of the twenty-first, Canada has seen some economic benefits, but these benefits are far outweighed by the burden of increased immigration. The writer points out that the government, in an attempt to bolster the Canadian economy, has sought to increase immigration, and thus increase their country's economic status. The writer maintains that immigration is beneficial in many ways, for it does offer a fix for some ails, and it also creates a larger workforce. However, the writer concludes that immigration alone cannot answer or strengthen Canada's economy other than in a superficial and short term way.
From the Paper
"This large immigration rate is not a result of chance or of Canada suddenly becoming the new land of opportunity as the United States did in the late 1800's and the early 1900's. It is not because there is a new Lady Liberty placed in Toronto or Vancouver calling for the worlds poor huddled masses. Rather this increase in immigration is due to an intentional government policy change. The government, in an attempt to bolster the Canadian economy, has sought to increase immigration, and thus increase their country's economic status. Canada has long suffered from a shortage of labor and an economy that at times was strong and suffered greatly at others. One way that they addressed the issue was to create programs that would allow the current population to meet the labor shortage. Initially, that seemed to work, but it could not truly answer the labor shortage for several years."
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Conflicts of Interest for Canadian Financial Planners, 2008.
A discussion of various conflicts of interest that exist for financial planners in Canada.
1,065 words (approx. 4.3 pages), 4 sources, MLA, £ 25.95
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Abstract
This paper addresses conflicts of interests facing professionals in financial planning in Canada. The paper points out that the Financial Planner Standards Council (FPSC) was put together in 1996 in order to better regulate the rapidly expanding industry and to reduce or eliminate the potential for abuses in the industry - the most common abuses being the potential for conflicts of interest for the financial planner. The paper delineates 3 types: financial, structural and personal. The paper concludes with the suggestion that one of the best ways to protect the interests of financial planners is to become certified through the FPSC.
Outline:
Introduction
Conflicts of Interest
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Another type of conflict may develop when the financial planner actually holds some type of formal or informal position of influence over that of the client. These are termed structural conflicts and while not very common are certainly difficult to regulate or prevent (List). Many of these types of conflicts of interest are prevented by the standards to which all Canadian financial planners must adhere to in order to remain certified financial planners through the Financial Planners Standards Council in accordance with its code of ethics."
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Toronto's Cabbagetown, 2008.
An analysis of the neighborhood changes undertaken by Toronto's Cabbagetown district.
1,124 words (approx. 4.5 pages), 3 sources, MLA, £ 26.95
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Abstract
This paper argues that there have been significant demographic, social and cultural changes in what was once Toronto's infamous Cabbagetown (now Regent Park) and that these changes have not been accompanied by similar changes in the realm of economic prosperity. In other words, Regent Park is poor today just as Cabbagetown was poor yesterday. The paper also looks at how the evolving neighborhood profile of Regent Park suggests that the city of Toronto has done a poor job of combating the socio-economic stratification that plagued the area generations ago.
From the Paper
"To begin with, Toronto's Cabbage-town district has historically always been fairly poor. To wit, in the late nineteenth and early-twentieth centuries, the neighborhood was possibly the poorest in all of Toronto - so much so, in fact, that much of the original cabbagetown was razed in the 1940s to make way for Regent Park housing project. To continue momentarily with the image of historic Cabbagetown being a place of poverty and austerity, it is generally maintained that the old neighborhood gained the monicker, "Cabbagetown," because of the popular late-nineteenth century belief that the poor Irish and Macedonian immigrants who constituted the majority of the local inhabitants could only afford to eat the cabbage they grew in their front yards (Old Cabbagetown BIA, para.4 and 6). Needless to say, Cabbagetown was a stark manifestation of the socio-economic segregation and reification that consumed Toronto - and most, if not all, other North American cities - during the industrial age."
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Economic Issues in the City of Toronto, 2008.
A review of economic issues facing Toronto and recommendations on how to cut down on municipal spending.
882 words (approx. 3.5 pages), 7 sources, MLA, £ 21.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the key economic issues that are facing the city of Toronto. It examines municipal spending and the city's sources of income. The paper suggests that something substantial must be done to cut down on municipal spending - preferably by improving efficiency and accountability guidelines. The paper concludes by providing some practical recommendations to the Mayor.
From the Paper
"The most important recommendation of all, however, is tied to helping the poor help themselves. This process will cut down on the need for heavy public subsidies of poor individuals insofar as men and women who are taught new skills can pursue new job opportunities in the marketplace. Additionally, money put towards job re-training programs should gradually replace social welfare outlays - not least of all because this is a more productive use of public funds and will cut down on expenses in the future. In pursuit of this educational objective, it is suggested that social welfare recipients in Toronto must indicate that they are taking educational courses for job re-training if they are to be eligible for certain types of public assistance. If we could do only one thing, job re-training would be the most important thing."
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Canadian Bush Pilots and Air Medical Services, 2008.
A discussion of bush pilots and the advent of air medical services in Canada.
2,290 words (approx. 9.2 pages), 13 sources, MLA, £ 48.95
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Abstract
This paper examines the rise of air medical and evacuation services in northern and remote areas of Canada after the 1920s, noting the continuing need for air ambulance services for Canadians living beyond road or rail networks. The paper points out that a great array of popular history material has been published in the last thirty years or so attesting to the romantic lives of bush pilots who indeed were often self-styled persons to occupy their own boundless milieu. The paper adds that a study of the many female bush pilots provides an intriguing aside on the women's history emphasis of the last decades that can lend an impression of women's domesticity that was by no means general. The paper concludes that, today, bush pilots retain their particular glamour, being well-equipped and trained with every benefit of modern communications and navigation, and still risking unusual, even ridiculous situations.
Outline:
Introduction
A Twentieth-Century Progression
Medical Services in Northern Canada
Saskatchewan
Training of Pilots and Medical Staff
Concluding Discussion
From the Paper
"With socialized medicine as a federal Canadian addition, outpost infirmaries and hospitals were incorporated into local communities but some memoirs refer to occasional doctors who carried on in remote service, radioing instructions to particular flying companies or pilots; instructions arrived via Royal Canadian Air Force stations, too, in a continuing range of services that has by no means subsided with the advent of tele-medicine. Nursing were sometimes found in contract posts who might be better described today as physician's assistants in their obstetrical and orthopedic skills, not a few of them turning to surgery where there was no doctor and air evacuation impossible in time to save lives. (Larmour 1988) The international profession of nursing took considerable interest in the post-World War II decades in what Canadian provinces and territories were beginning to pioneer in nursing stations, infirmaries, public information on when to bring patients to radio dispatch centres and all else done and learned by practitioners in the course of northern or Arctic service. (Waller 1964, King 1968, Smith 1972)"
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Sex Workers in Canada, 2008.
An examination of how the sex trade in Canada was viewed in the first half of the 20th century.
1,655 words (approx. 6.6 pages), 6 sources, APA, £ 36.95
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Abstract
This essay takes a look at the issue of prostitution in Canada at the beginning of the 20th century. The paper points out that, in more recent years, theorists have increasingly begun to frame prostitution as a social issue, and as an occupation forced on marginalized, poverty-stricken people. However, in earlier times, it was more common to frame prostitution as a moral issue, or as a law enforcement issue. The paper ultimately attempts to show how the failure to suppress prostitution was directly linked to the failure to understand it, which in turn was based on a sexist inability to conceptualize women as subjects making choices, due to extenuating socioeconomic circumstances.
From the Paper
"Nilsen notes that in the period 1906 to 1917, most local residents of Vancouver perceived prostitutes as nothing but blight on the city, and a negative influence on property values. Unlike national reformers, they failed to see prostitutes as women for whom they should feel pity. They failed to perceive them as victims of pimps, or as victims of socioeconomic circumstances. Their response to prostitution was to draw up petitions to have it removed by stringent law enforcement. On the other hand, the National Council of Women, which in other respects was a philanthropic organization, saw the solution to prostitution as being moral education and tougher laws (Nilsen, 1980). It is suggested that, as the members of that esteemed council were all middle class women, they had never been in the situation of having to feed themselves or their children on nothing but "moral education." What is interesting to note is that although both residents and the National Council of Women were coming at the matter from different perspectives, both had a touching faith that laws could remove the problem."
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