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Medical Ethical Issues, 2000.
An examination of privacy, terminal illness, human rights, living wills, medicare, the roles of the social worker and family, autonomy, life support and right to die; focusing on home health care.
4,500 words (approx. 18.0 pages), 14 sources, £ 96.95
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From the Paper
"Ethical Issues Of Home Health Care
Introduction
Long-term care is becoming a main component of American health care. Long-term care takes place in hospitals, single-family or group homes, nursing homes, housing with linked services, and specialized day centers; patient populations include children with developmental disabilities, elderly people with physical disabilities and those with Alzheimer's disease, and adults with AIDS. Kasper cites Evashwick's definition of long-term care and home services to include intravenous administration of medicine, devices for mechanical ventilation, meal preparation, and bathing. Providers of health care include skilled nurses, technicians, therapists, family members, and others. Home health care legal and ethical issues pertain to all..."
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Alzheimer's Disease, 2000.
The definition, causes, theories, detection, diagnosis, treatments of physical and psychological symptoms and last stage.
2,250 words (approx. 9.0 pages), 8 sources, £ 56.95
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Abstract
"Alzheimer's disease, its causes and cures, has long remained a mystery to medical practitioners. However, the efforts of researchers are beginning to reveal clues that may soon enable physicians to prescribe medications and other forms of treatment that will successfully delay the onset of the disease and may even reverse the course of the illness.
From the Paper
"Alzheimer's disease, its causes and cures, has long remained a mystery to medical practitioners. However, the efforts of researchers are beginning to reveal clues that may soon enable physicians to prescribe medications and other forms of treatment that will successfully delay the onset of the disease and may even reverse the course of the illness. Yet for the four million Americans currently diagnosed with the disease, future treatments are irrelevant. Fortunately, there are some effective options currently available that can treat the symptoms of Alzheimer's and/or slow its progression. If caught early enough, the patient can gain valuable time that they may have had the diagnosis been made at a later stage during the disease=s development. Unfortunately, because the symptoms can often be so easily..."
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The Trip To Bountiful, 2000.
An examination of the 1985 film on the experience of aging, in context of issues of disengagement, activism and modernization.
675 words (approx. 2.7 pages), 3 sources, £ 16.95
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Abstract
The 1985 film The Trip to Bountiful (Masterson, 1985) offers insight into aging, changing perspectives on time during the aging process, many of the problems faced by older people, and issues of modernization, activism, and disengagement.
From the Paper
"The 1985 film The Trip to Bountiful (Masterson, 1985) offers insight into aging, changing perspectives on time during the aging process, many of the problems faced by older people, and issues of modernization, activism, and disengagement. The film thus illuminates much of what is written in the literature on these subjects.
Cox (1998) notes research showing an inverse relationship "between the degree of modernization and the status accorded old persons" (Cox, 1998, 1) which means that in the more industrialized nations, the older person has a lower status than is the case in less industrialized nations. This is something we can see all around us as our own culture celebrates youth to the exclusion of the old and has been charged with throwing away older people."
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Alzheimer's and Occupational Therapy, 1999.
Examines the disease's victims' treatment needs, therapy goals and protocols, equipment and caregiving team.
2,250 words (approx. 9.0 pages), 14 sources, £ 56.95
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From the Paper
"OCCUPATIONAL THERAPY & ALZHEIMER'S
Introduction
This paper presents occupational therapy for Alzheimer's disease. Occupational therapy trains individuals with cognitive, emotional, and physical impairments to be as self-sufficient as capabilities allow. Meaningful activity is needed to prevent debilitating effects of inactivity and promote well-being. Alzheimer's disease and other dementias, chronic and irreversible, are accompanied by progressive loss of cognitive and motor ability resulting in incapacity. Occupational therapy for patients with dementing illnesses, includes continuous modification and adaptation of daily tasks within physical and social environments. Occupational therapy helps people use abilities and retain as much control over their lives as possible ..."
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Medicare Reimbursement Caps, 1999.
Examines the reasons for Congress' 1997 imposition of caps for outpatient rehabilitation services and pressures for repeal.
1,575 words (approx. 6.3 pages), 12 sources, £ 39.95
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Abstract
This research paper explores the reasons why Congress imposed in 1997 caps on reimbursement under the Medicare program of charges for various types of outpatient rehabilitation services, the specific content of such caps, proposals for removing such caps and the rationales therefor.
From the Paper
"MEDICARE CAP ON REHABILITATION SERVICES
This research paper explores the reasons why Congress imposed in 1997 caps on reimbursement under the Medicare program of charges for various types of outpatient rehabilitation services, the specific content of such caps, proposals for removing such caps and the rationales therefor.
Caps Imposed by the Balanced Budget Act of 1997
Under Part B of the Medicare program, full reimbursement was available, subject to a 20 percent coinsurance payment by the beneficiary and a $100 annual deductible, for rehabilitation services provided to eligible patients on an outpatient patient by qualified medical service providers. To be eligible for home health care generally under Medicare, the beneficiary would have to show that they were homebound and needed intermittent care."
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Social Security, 1999.
Examines history, problems, funding, proposed reforms, benefits, taxation, investments and individual plans.
2,250 words (approx. 9.0 pages), 7 sources, £ 56.95
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Abstract
Much has been made about potential threats to the Social Security System in the United States today, and the primary threat is seen as deriving from demographic realities
From the Paper
"INTRODUCTION
Much has been made about potential threats to the Social Security System in the United States today, and the primary threat is seen as deriving from demographic realities. The intent of the system from the beginning was for each generation to provide for the previous generation through a form of taxation so that the system would pay for itself as it operates. Some believe that they pay in money which is returned to them when they retire, but in fact what they pay in now is paid to those who are currently retired. The baby boom after World War II produced the first generation that was much larger than the one that would follow so that the system is now under strain and will have to be paid for by future generations rather than the one currently working. This suggests that the system needs drastic reform, and a ..."
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Teaching Older Adults, 1999.
Defines and examines traditional pedagogical and more self-directed andragogical methods in leisure education, effectiveness, applicability and the centrality of an older adult's attitude to learning.
1,350 words (approx. 5.4 pages), 7 sources, £ 33.95
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From the Paper
"One of the principal challenges for the leisure profession in the next few decades will be the provision and management of learning programs for the elderly. The past two decades have witnessed an enormous growth in the demand for leisure education and as the population ages the need will become much greater. Since the 1970s education researchers have shown, however, that adult learning differs considerably from children's learning. In general adults are self-motivated, self-directed learners and ordinary pedagogical approaches do not fare well with such individuals. The term andragogy is used to describe "the process of helping adults learn or facilitating self-directed activities" and leisure professionals need a comprehensive understanding of andragogical principles as they apply to leisure education (O'Dell, 1997, p. 46). A review of the characteristics of ..."
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Eb White, "The Ring Of Time", 1999.
Examines the theme, meaning and ideas in this essay on time and aging, using the circus as a metaphor.
1,125 words (approx. 4.5 pages), 1 source, £ 28.95
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Abstract
"The purpose of this research is to examine E.B. White's essay "The Ring of Time." The plan of the research will be to set forth in general terms the theme of the essay, and then to discuss its meaning, engaging in an analysis of the pattern of ideas in the work and the means by which these ideas are elucidated.
From the Paper
"The purpose of this research is to examine E.B. White's essay "The Ring of Time." The plan of the research will be to set forth in general terms the theme of the essay, and then to discuss its meaning, engaging in an analysis of the pattern of ideas in the work and the means by which these ideas are elucidated.
Although White does not arrive at the theme of his essay until its closing paragraphs, this theme is time and age, or more exactly a meditation on time in general and age, or the prospect of the consequences of aging, in particular. The metaphor for time is White's reported observation of the shape of a circus ring and the content of activity going on in it, a metaphor that is established not only by the title of the piece but also by the carefully observed and, as it seems, carefully described details of ..."
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Retirement in U.S., 1999.
Examines decision to retire & effects on retiree's social roles & status, psychological well-being & physical health, marital & family relations, economics & govt. funding and gender differences.
2,475 words (approx. 9.9 pages), 12 sources, £ 62.95
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From the Paper
"The purpose of this research is to examine the consequences of retirement in American society for persons aged 62 to 65 and above. The plan of the research will be to set forth the context in which issues of retirement assume significance in the contemporary culture and then to explore the sociological consequences of retirement, which can involve social-role changes, changes in marital and family interaction, changes in economic, psychological, and physical health, as well as differences in experience according to sex.
The United States government has sponsored two major studies of myriad aspects of retirement in the last thirty years. In 1969, the so-called Retirement History Survey (RHS) began tracking the experiences of a group of men and unmarried women aged 58 to 63. The data-gathering process ended in 1979, when.."
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Elderly & Bone Health, 1999.
Dangers of osteoporosis & need for calcium & good nutrition.
1,350 words (approx. 5.4 pages), 10 sources, £ 33.95
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From the Paper
" NUTRITION & THE ELDERLY: CALCIUM AND BONE HEALTH
Introduction
Older adults have chronic diseases (as many as 85 percent) that could benefit from nutritional interventions. Improved nutritional status in osteoporosis patients decreases fractures and associated morbidity. The role of calcium nutrition in bone health has been established.
Elderly Bone Health & Calcium
Osteoporosis is stated as a disease of bone fragility; more than 25 million Americans are afflicted with it per year, with a cost to the United States of approximately 13.8 billion per year. Patients with osteoporosis tend to be older and malnourished who are in need of nutrition assessment and intervention. Nutrients of interest include calcium, salt, and protein. The Nationa.."l
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Occupational Therapy for Elderly, 1999.
Examines role of therapy in long-term care, services, goals, funding, setting, regulation & administration and future.
1,575 words (approx. 6.3 pages), 8 sources, £ 39.95
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From the Paper
"OCCUPATIONAL THERAPY AND LONG-TERM CARE FOR THE ELDERLY
Introduction
This research provides an overview of the role and setting of occupational therapy in long-term care for the elderly. Other issues relevant to occupational therapy also are addressed.
Description of the Environment of Practice
Occupational therapy is a health profession providing service to people whose lives have been disrupted by physical injury or illness, developmental problems, the aging process, or social and psychological difficulties. The goal of occupational therapy is to assist each individual in achieving an independent, producing, and satisfying life.
Most elderly persons receiving occupational therapy in the.."
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Long-Term Care for Elderly, 1999.
Examines social, economic, medical, political & ethical aspects of the shift in funding from tax-supported plan (Medicaid) to managed care companies.
2,025 words (approx. 8.1 pages), 18 sources, £ 50.95
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From the Paper
"DELIVERING LONG-TERM CARE FOR THE ELDERLY THROUGH MANAGED CARE
Introduction
Trends in the health care delivery system in the United States are toward a shift in funding of the delivery of long-term Care (LTC) for the elderly from a heavy dependence on tax-supported programs, principally Medicaid, to managed care companies. This trend has become a controversial issue. The issue is considered in this research.
Discussion of the Issue
LTC for the elderly financing in the United States has changed and will change further. These changes will affect the operations of LTC facilities. Funding for long-term care has shifted from an almost total reliance on out-of-pocket spending by fixed-income elderly, to a dependence on tax-supported.."
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HIV/AIDS among Elderly, 1999.
Examining the prevalence, symptoms & characteristics of this phenomenon. Looking at the history, research, risk factors and psychosocial & medical treatment.
4,500 words (approx. 18.0 pages), 18 sources, £ 96.95
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From the Paper
" AIDS AND THE ELDERLY
Introduction
The purpose of this paper is to examine the problem of HIV/AIDS in older and elderly populations. To this end, the paper first provides a description of the prevalence, symptoms and characteristics of the disease in older groups. This is followed by a delineation of the history of the transmission of the disease in older groups with consideration of factors that have lead to the current increase in HIV/AIDS in older populations.
The paper then goes on to examine the kinds of psychosocial and medical treatment provided to older and elderly AIDS patients. The review ends with a formulation of a series of conclusions about the disease in older groups and a series of.."
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Older Adults & AIDS, 1999.
How elderly cope with HIV/AIDS & other stressors. Looks at their special needs, physical & psychological aspects. Includes a chart.
3,375 words (approx. 13.5 pages), 18 sources, £ 85.95
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From the Paper
"OLDER ADULTS COPING WITH HIV/AIDS
Introduction
This is a concept paper examining how older people with HIV/AIDS cope with the disease. To this end, the paper begins with an examination and definition of the general concept of coping; this examination is followed by: (1) a review of the literature on the general coping mechanisms and strategies of older adults; and (2) a review of the literature on the specific coping mechanisms and strategies used by older adults to cope with HIV/AIDS. The reviewed literature in both categories is then critiqued from the perspective of their characterization of coping.
Following this critique is a discussion of the relevance of the concept of coping for older people and an investigation of.."
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