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Facing the End of Middle Age, 2002.
A middle aged woman's view on aging.
1,455 words (approx. 5.8 pages), 4 sources, APA, £ 28.95
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Abstract
This paper reports the findings of an interview with a middle aged widow. Her views on the difficulties she will face as she ages are expressed. Research from the relevant literature on the topic is included.
From the Paper
"The interviewee is a 57-year-old female retired teacher. This is her first year of retirement. ?Nancy? was a special education teacher who left teaching twice before to pursue other interests. One time she went to work for a publisher, and the other time she left to write a book about special education. She is a widow whose husband passed away about six years ago. She has two daughters, both away from home most of the year. One is in college and the other is in graduate school. She is proud of their accomplishments and feels that she and her husband did a good job of raising them. However, neither show any interest in getting married at this time, and she doesn?t expect to have either sons-in-laws or grandchildren for some time. She reports that this is fine with her and is glad to see them getting a good start in life before they start a family. She herself had these children later in life, at age 32 and 35."
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?Old Friends? by Tracy Kidder, 2002.
An analysis of the book "Old Friends" by Tracy Kidder which examines the way old age is viewed in America.
680 words (approx. 2.7 pages), 2 sources, MLA, £ 14.95
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Abstract
In our youth conscious society it is common to reject the wisdom of the old and to value instead only the potential of the young. This paper analyzes Tracy Kidder's book on the subject, "Old Friends" which examines the way old age is viewed in American society by focusing on two men in a nursing home.
From the Paper
"The strength that is characteristic of these two men, and the independence they exhibited in life makes their existence in a nursing home extremely difficult, where their lives, like children, are governed by routine, and their lives, like the sick, seem purposeless and aimless. Unlike the sick, there is often the attitude that the old have simply been shut away to die, now that they no longer have anything to give back to society and cannot take care of themselves alone. However, life at a nursing home continues the lives these men lived ?on the outside? rather than merely terminates it."
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Alzheimer's Disease, 2002.
An analysis of this disease, its causes, effects and treatment.
1,420 words (approx. 5.7 pages), 4 sources, MLA, £ 28.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses what Alzheimer Disease is and what the causes and effects of the disease are. It further examines available treatment for this conditions and investigates new breakthroughs in the medical field regarding treatment. The writer also looks at the predisposition of the disease and its patient.
From the Paper
"Alzheimer disease (AD) is a progressive neuro-degenerative disease. It is characterized by memory loss, language deterioration, impaired visuospatial skills, poor judgment, and an indifferent attitude (NINDS, pg). This disease was first described by the German physician, Alois Alzheimer, 90 years ago (Manbir, pg). Alzheimer first demonstrated the typical microscopic changes in the autopsy of a woman in her 50's who had suffered what seemed to be a mental illness. Through the microscope he saw brain cells filled with twisted strands of fiber and surrounded by dense deposits (Manbir, pg). These features are the hallmarks of Alzheimer's disease. In this disorder gradual decline of brain function leads inevitably to death which can be anywhere from three to twenty years after the disease is diagnosed (Manbir, pg). AD is a progressive disease and its course varies from person to person. The most common cause of death in Alzheimer's patients is infection (NINDS, pg)."
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The Need for Compassion, 2001.
This paper examines the problems that face elderly Americans in today's society.
1,935 words (approx. 7.7 pages), 3 sources, MLA, £ 36.95
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Abstract
This paper addresses the needs of the elderly in American Society. Using a book by Tracy Kidder called ?Old Friends? the reader of this paper is given a detailed outline of various elderly concerns. Social relationships, doctors and patient needs as well as nursing home discussions are all included.
From the Paper
"Medical science has grown in leaps and bounds over the last century. Today, we are living longer than ever before and we are having a premium quality of life while doing so. Doctors are able to mend and cure problems that would have killed us even 50 years ago. With the increased longevity, comes a new set of problems for society as the geriatric population finds growing in numbers each year. While it is encouraging that we can now incorporate long-range plans for our lives well into our golden years, the ability to do so comes with its own set of trouble. Senior citizens are faced with limited incomes, failing health and the need to be cared for as the years advance. In addition, many of their social contacts disappear as their peers either die or move to other areas to be taken care of by their children."
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Means-Testing in Health Service- A Report, 2008.
A report for the Scottish executive on the recommendation of the proposal to introduce means testing for the provision of personal care for elderly people in Scotland.
1,138 words (approx. 4.6 pages), 2 sources, APA, £ 23.95
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Abstract
This paper presents a report, written by a leading academic in the field of social policy, on means-testing for the elderly in Scotland. In the report, the author recommends that means-testing for the purposes of care for elderly people should be introduced in Scotland. More specifically, the author argues that, in terms of increasing costs, growing demand, and opposition to increased taxation, it is quite simply unrealistic to proceed with free personal care for the elderly.
Outline:
Introduction
Recommendation
Elderly Paid Taxes
Conclusions
From the Paper
"It can also be argued that since wages are going up that people could afford to pay increased taxes. People should not care about paying increased taxes, this argument continues, as it would be helping other members of the community including the elderly. However, if taxes were to rise this could cause an outcry as people are increasingly reluctant to pay such increased taxes. More and more people, realising that the state retirement pension is becoming relatively less valuable, are coming to rely more on occupational and private pensions. So the argument that taxation should be increased to fund free personal care for the elderly is quite unrealistic in the present day and age. The vast majority of people today entering the labour force today accept that they are going to have to take responsibility for providing for themselves in their retirement and would be wholy opposed to any significant increase in taxation. "
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Chronic Kidney Disease, 2008.
Looks at the detection and treatment of mental health problems associated with chronic kidney disease.
2,290 words (approx. 9.2 pages), 7 sources, APA, £ 42.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that the numerous factors of kidney disease can directly affect a sufferer's state of mind. Not only is there physical pain involved, but also there is the humiliation of having a catheter, the burden of dialysis, the stress of the potential of transplant surgery and the possibility of putting a loved one in danger if they become a donor. The author points out that diagnosis and appropriate treatment of a psychiatric problem related to chronic kidney disease depends on a rational assessment of numerous contributing factors and the strengths and weaknesses of the individual. The paper stresses that one of the most important roles the advanced practice nurse is early detection and intervention.
Table of Contents:
Introduction
Overview of Kidney Disease
Implications for Mental Health
Diagnosis and Treatment
Role of the Advanced Practice Nurse
From the Paper
"Statistically, men and women over 55 face an increasing probability of acquiring some chronic disease (Birren & Sloane, 2001). A psychiatric symptom such as poor memory may be related to organic illness, for example, a brain disorder, or represent a psychological aspect of an illness, for example, depression. Depression is the most frequent incapacitating psychiatric problem throughout life. More than half the victims of a serious depression have their first episode after 60, and estimates are that careful clinical examination would confirm depression in 10 to 30 percent of those over 65."
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Access To Quality Care, 2008.
A review of the declining health care system in the United States of America.
1,240 words (approx. 5.0 pages), 5 sources, APA, £ 25.95
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Abstract
The paper states that patient access to quality healthcare in the US is rapidly changing due to a variety of reasons. The paper confirms that patient access to healthcare is declining due to, amongst other reasons, increasing numbers of uninsured patients. The paper discusses that medical facilities are facing new challenges that can act as barriers to quality and safe patient care.
Outline:
Introduction
The Impact of the Uninsured on Patient Access to Quality Care
Impact of Labor Shortage on Patient Access to Quality Care
Managing Supply and Demand
Ethical Considerations of Access to Quality Healthcare
Conclusion
From the Paper
"The Impact of the Uninsured on Patient Access to Quality Care
The economy in certain regions of the United States is declining due to the jobless rate and unemployment. Declining profits in the private sector force employers to re-evaluate current employee healthcare benefits and make necessary cuts to healthcare services to offset rising health insurance premiums. The number of people without health insurance coverage increased from 44.8 million in 2005 to 47 million in 2006. Currently 47 million Americans, including nearly nine million children do not have health insurance."
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Calcium and Vitamin D, 2008.
A look at the health benefits of calcium and vitamin D with a focus on osteoporosis.
1,258 words (approx. 5.0 pages), 8 sources, APA, £ 25.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses how research has shown that there is a direct correlation between bone condition in an individual's juvenile and mature years and subsequent susceptibility to osteoporosis-related fractures. In particular, the paper looks at how the interventions that are being investigated to reduce osteoporosis-related health risks and to improve general bone health is diet and supplements of vitamin D and calcium.
Outline:
Health, Vitamin D and Calcium
Interventions
Conclusion
From the Paper
"The focus on osteoporosis prevention in turn has improved market performance of foods. Klotter (2005) points out that among all nutrients, calcium is among the most advocated by retails products. These include not only dairy-related products but vegetables, fruits and exercise activities as well. Whereas there has been some counter-marketing against dairy products because of their fat content and fears of contamination from diseases in the 1990's, they have gained better regard in consideration of their value in preventing osteoporosis (Heaney et al, 2000). The opinion is one that Klotter (2005) also recognizes in the course of her study of the impact of initiatives against osteoporosis in health as well as industrial markets today."
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Adult Social Care Today, 2008.
This paper looks at the importance and urgency of programs and attention to the issue of adult social care.
2,659 words (approx. 10.6 pages), 32 sources, APA, £ 47.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer notes that changing perspective in social services is emphasizing the need to develop programs that consider social care as an integral factor in any health program. Beyond the treatment of diseases and promoting general health, the focus has evolved into one that considers quality of life as paramount. The writer points out that current trends in social care have indicated that adult social care professionals are dealing more with community conditions than individual conditions more than ever before. The writer discusses that regardless of whether the increasing trend is caused by institutional or professional setbacks, the reality is greater demand for adult social care is the most compelling and urgent in the social services industry today. The writer concludes that the concerted efforts in social research, medicine and social management are all essential in realizing the social service objectives.
Outline:
Introduction
Adult Social Care Needs
Response to Social Care Needs
Conclusion
From the Paper
"According to Manfredi and Maioni, these services should also have the support of legislation and the judiciary. The response has been in favor of developing better social programs particularly those for the elderly. Consequently, it has also created greater civil accountability for health and social services to meet standards and needs of people.
"A comprehensive understanding of the fundamental principles of adult social problems that include their diagnoses, treatment and rehabilitation is a knowledge base that is essential for the field. Current trends in social care have indicated that adult social care professionals are dealing more with community conditions than individual conditions more than ever before. This may be an indication that though advances in health that have allowed better detection of illnesses but it has yet been able to address other social concerns. Regardless of whether the increasing trend is caused by institutional or professional setbacks, the reality is greater demand for adult social care is the most compelling and urgent in the social services industry today."
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Elderly Abuse, 2008.
A look at the subject of elderly abuse in Western society in general. and in Canada in particular.
4,794 words (approx. 19.2 pages), 18 sources, APA, £ 73.95
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Abstract
This paper deals with the subject of elderly abuse and attempts to make the connection between elder abuse and family violence. The author explains that elder abuse is becoming more and more recognized as a form of family violence, and describes the different types of abuse, analyzing the connection between elder abuse and family violence. The author also uses the Ageism concept to explain elder abuse in broad context, to explain how society's distorted view on the elderly affect care-givers likeliness to abuse their elderly family members.
Outline:
Introduction
Purpose
Rationale
Key Concepts Related to Elder Abuse
What is Elderly Abuse?
Elder Abuse as a Form of Family Violence
Analysis:
The Situation Model
Social Exchange Theory
Ageism
Practice Interventions
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Elder abuse is a growing social concern in Western society, but it is not a new phenomenon. Mistreatment of older people both in the community and within institutions has been an enduring feature of our social history. Many older Canadians have suffered abuse and neglect at the hands of family members and caregivers for many years, without the support and resources they needed to leave their abusive situations. Recently, practitioners have been displaying a growing awareness and concern about elder abuse, putting a new perspective to this type of family violence (Pillemer & Wolf, 1986: 169). Like other types of domestic violence, elder abuse is extremely complex. It is a combination of many factors, from psychological to economic as well as the mental and physical conditions of the victim and the abuser. These factors do not usually operate in isolation. Instead, they tend to function as complex dimensions, interacting in ways uniquely dependent on the victim, perpetrator and the situation (Steinmetz, 1988: 23)
Moreover, research shows that estimates of abuse are difficult to make, although in Canada it is often said to affect at least four percent of seniors (Kinnon, 2001: 6).
"In addition, explanations about why abuse occurs under different theoretical frameworks make it difficult to pin-point the direct connection between the dynamics of elder abuse and family violence. Many elder abuse cases fit the paradigm of family violence; that is, acts of abuse or misuse of power that may result in harm to a family member (Pillemer & Suitor, 1992: 170). However, not all cases involve spouses or family members. Practitioners stress the need to understand the entire range of elder abuse and the underlying causes- including self-neglect, abuse and neglect within the family, and abuse that occurs in institutional settings (Prevention Pathways, 2004: 12)."
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Canadian Senior Immigrants, 2008.
This paper discusses the problem of social isolation among Canadian senior immigrants.
2,280 words (approx. 9.1 pages), 14 sources, APA, £ 42.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that Canadian senior immigrants are more vulnerable to social isolation and exclusion than Canadian-raised seniors; therefore, it is important to consider the importance of social inclusion for this population. The author points out that problems, such as the lack of social and family support, the lack of knowledge of the English/French language and the lack of community resources have resulted in senior immigrants becoming more socially excluded. The paper stresses that, to encourage social inclusion, social workers need to help break down these barriers, which have caused senior immigrants to face problems of accessibility to services. The author underscores that it is important to not homogenize the senior population but rather to offer culturally sensitive and accessible programs that meet the needs of specific immigrant senior populations and that encourage them to meet their own specific needs.
Table of Contents:
Introduction
Senior Immigrants: Exploring Assumptions and Reality
Social Exclusion to Social Inclusion
Barriers to Services
Recommendations
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Contemporary Canadian society is among the most diverse in the world: the 2001 Census lists around two hundred ethnic groups. Among the immigrant population, 68% of all immigrant seniors are originally from Europe and 19% come from Asia (one in five). This development is the result of a change in immigration patterns since the 1960s, when the trend of admitting immigrants from Europe shifted to one admitting people from all over the world, especially Asia. For the purpose of this paper, senior immigrants can be defined by age as legal immigrants 65 years old and above."
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Retirement, 2008.
This paper discusses planning for the factors that influence a successful retirement period of life.
1,455 words (approx. 5.8 pages), 6 sources, APA, £ 28.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that retirement is the time in a person's life when they stop employment completely either by choice or due to health problems or physical conditions. The author points out the normal physical changes of increased age often are associated with retirement since they may occur simultaneously. The paper relates that, to become ready for these changes, people can stay active, eat healthy and avoid behaviors, such as smoking and drug use, which will cause their health to deteriorate. The author urges that people must plan for financing the retirement period with its change in income and expenses. The paper indicates that crime, especially consumer fraud and scams, is another factor, which worries many people of retirement age. The author suggests that a living will can state a person's wishes on sustaining life support or medical care if his or her health should fail.
From the Paper
"The average retired couple spends 35% of their income on housing, 25% on food, 9% on medical expenses, 9% on transportation, and the remaining amount on clothing, personal care, and other expenses such as gifts. To become better prepared for the future, people should start saving for retirement early and often. People also need to consider factors such as increased health costs, increased life expectancy, and keeping a tight budget, so they can have a comfortable retirement. To decrease future costs and ultimately save money, retirees should consolidate bills and look for discounts on things such as insurance when available."
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Elder Abuse, 2007.
An overview of the problem of elder abuse in the United States and what can be done to prevent it.
1,664 words (approx. 6.7 pages), 4 sources, MLA, £ 32.95
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Abstract
This paper looks at how elder abuse is a problem that was swept under the rug for many years, but is being addressed more now than it has ever before. It discusses how, once training is available to those providing home care to their relatives, then the incidence of elder abuse should drop significantly and how this combined with more public knowledge on elder abuse, would decrease the incidence of elder abuse even more.
Outline:
Is Elder Abuse the Result of a Lack of Knowledge and Lack of Help?
Yes
No
Conclusion
From the Paper
"In our society, shipping our loved one off to a nursing home is not normally the first option. Most do not want a stranger taking care of a person they care about and the cost can also be an issue. Often, caregivers do not realize how difficult caring for an elderly person actually is and dive into without knowing proper techniques of care. This situation can lead to stress and depression in the caregiver, which can impair their normal thought and action process leading to higher rates of elder abuse. Again, if education and support was more readily available, these reactions would lessen. Not only that, but more caregivers are adult children who also have their own lives and may require help learning how to be patient. In cases of a spouse providing care, the spouse also tends to be older and may not be physically capable of providing proper care. "
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Older Criminals and Policy Issues, 2007.
An analysis of how the increase in the number of older adults in prison in the US affects the criminal justice system.
3,211 words (approx. 12.8 pages), 14 sources, APA, £ 55.95
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Abstract
This paper examines a number of issues that policy makers need to address regarding the caring and housing of elderly inmates. It explains that, although there are current policies in place that establish a prisoner's right to health care and right to not be discriminated against based on disability, the policies are vague and unclear. The writer discusses how the vagueness of these policies has led to controversy and debate in the public as a whole, as well as the Supreme Court. The writer strongly asserts that policies addressing inmates and correctional facilities will not only impact inmates, but will also impact correctional officers, the medical field, and the population as a whole. The writer concludes that with the increase of older inmates, more research is being done to understand what is occurring and what is needed to help prepare for the needs of older inmates.
From the Paper
"The reasons for older adults committing crimes are often the same as nonelderly offenders. Some crime may be due to low socioeconomic status, drugs, unstable social relationships, and alcohol. On the other hand, it could also be due to the onset of dementia, which can cause an individual to lose social screens and have a lack of judgment. Feelings of depression and boredom can also lead to crime (Frolik & McChrystal Barnes, 2003). The changes in the number of older adults in prison can be attributed to many different possibilities. Three of which are the increase in the older adult population, changes in the sentencing guidelines, and parole changes. All three of the above led to an increase in the population of inmates serving time."
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