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Injury in the Adolescent Athlete, 2003.
A comprehensive examination of the factors that contribute to injury in the adolescent athlete in the United States.
3,700 words (approx. 14.8 pages), 12 sources, APA, £ 73.95
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Abstract
This paper provides a scholarly review of the relevant literature to identify those factors that contribute to the incidence of injuries among adolescent athletes, as well as what steps can be taken to mediate them.
Outline
Psychological Factors Influencing Injury
Impact of Economic Status of the Community
Impact of Economic Status of the Athlete?s Family
Factors That Influence Rehabilitation of the Adolescent Athlete
From the Paper
"Participation in high school sports has grown steadily over the past 30 years and continues to rise today. According to Dr. N. L. Weaver and his colleagues at St. Louis University?s Health Communication Research Laboratory, during the 1998-1999 school year over 360,000 collegiate athletes and almost 6.5 million high school athletes participated in sports. These authors report that this expansion has been accompanied by an increased awareness of the injury problem associated with participation in adolescent sports. In fact, estimates are that one-third of high school athletes will sustain some type of an injury during a sports season serious enough to result in time lost from participation."
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Javelin Throwing, 2004.
A history of the sport during the ancient Olympic Games.
1,275 words (approx. 5.1 pages), 9 sources, MLA, £ 30.95
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Abstract
The skill of throwing the javelin was taught to every boy in ancient Greek and Roman society. This paper provides an overview of the javelin's use during ancient times, especially in competition. It examines its connection to the modern Olympic games and presents literary and archaeological evidence.
From the Paper
"Throwing the javelin for distance was an event that was practiced and performed at a variety of festivals, including Olympia. The courtyard of the Gymnasium was the location of the javelin throw. The throwers were placed within the confines of the balbis. This was a rectangular area that was also used by discus-throwers; throwers were not allowed to step outside this area as they took their steps towards the starting line. Once the javelin was thrown, it had to land within a defined area of three sides. If the throw landed outside the area, it was declared invalid."
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Imagery Training and Novice Athletes, 2004.
Research proposal to study whether sports imagery training can benefit novice athletes as well as professional athletes.
758 words (approx. 3.0 pages), 14 sources, APA, £ 19.95
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Abstract
This paper is a research proposal to study the effects of sports imagery training on novice athletes and athletes who enjoy their sport recreationally. The paper begins with an overview of the positive effects of sports imagery training and then looks at some of the studies done and literature available on the subject. The paper suggests a study that will seek to answer the questions as to whether or not sports imagery training is of value only to the professional athlete or if it can benefit athletes at all levels.
From the Paper
"The positive effects of sports imagery training has been validated by athletes and trainers at the highest level of athletic competition. When the athlete visualizes the individual aspects of an athletic competition, they approach the event with more confidence, and are able to attain significantly higher scores. In one study, findings revealed that the Five Step Strategy, which includes mental readying, imaging, focusing, executing, and evaluation procedures, significantly influenced performance in tasks that were low cognitive demand and higher physical demand tasks. The study showed support for a hypothesis that performance in tasks appearing to contain a greater number of motor elements is enhanced more with the FSS than those having a high number of cognitive elements."
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Becoming a Master of Ballet, 2004.
Talks about the extremely difficult criteria that must be met in order to become a master of ballet.
1,343 words (approx. 5.4 pages), 5 sources, MLA, £ 32.95
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Abstract
This paper gives an overview of the physical, social, emotional, and financial hardships that a professional ballet dancer must endure throughout his or her career.
From the Paper
"One of the hallmarks of good ballet dancing is the seemingly effortless grace of the performers. Particularly, the high-level dancers of a ballet company elevate movement to an art in motion, almost in defiance of the laws of gravity, and in direct distain to the limitations of the average human body. For these ?prima ballerinas,? balance, range of motion, and control of muscle, borders on the miraculous?for to see them execute a grand jete (a running, jumping split), or a flawless grand battement (a kind of controlled kick), can conjure nothing short of slack-jawed awe."
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?For Love of the Game?, 2004.
Discusses the theme of perseverance in Michael Shaara's novel on baseball player, Billy Chapel, and how this theme compares in other novels.
1,368 words (approx. 5.5 pages), 3 sources, MLA, £ 32.95
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Abstract
This paper introduces and analyzes the book, "For Love of the Game", by Michael Shaara. Specifically, it discusses the book in relation to other works: "The Old Man and the Sea" by Earnest Hemingway and "The Odyssey" by Homer. Perseverance is one reason baseball pitcher Billy Chapel has maintained his career, and perseverance is a key ingredient in the sports world, but also for survival in many other areas as well.
From the Paper
"Perseverance and endurance usually lead to growth and knowledge in the end, and these stories all show that perseverance can lead to personal growth and transformation, just at it can lead to survival and competitive toughness. Throughout the book, Billy is continually reminded that he needs to grow up; in fact, he even thinks it to himself. "Billy Boy, Billy Boy, you'll have to grow up someday" (Shaara 11). His personal journey includes allowing himself to care about someone else more than he cares about the game he plays every day. When he finally allows himself to love Carol, he has completed his journey, and his enduring love of the game encompasses his enduring love of the woman who has supported him all these years."
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Physical Education, 2004.
A personal look at what it takes to be a teacher of physical education.
947 words (approx. 3.8 pages), 11 sources, MLA, £ 23.95
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Abstract
This paper centers around the notion of ?teaching styles?, and this brief paper sets out to clarify some of the confusion that exists regarding the term itself. The paper then shows how one model of teaching style is an effective and creative way of teaching physical education today.
Contents
Introduction
What is Meant by ?Teaching Styles??
The Spectrum of Teaching Styles
Conclusion
From the Paper
"The term itself has no agreed definition but the more widely accepted definitions refer to it as ?a set of teaching tactics? and ?instructional format? (Galton et al. 1980; Siedentop 1991). In Physical Education circles the definition of it as ?the general pattern created by using a particular set of strategies? provides a neat working definition (BAALPE 9). Over the last thirty years a number of writers in the United Kingdom, as well as the United States, have identified particular teaching styles and related them to philosophies of teaching or to specific learning outcomes (Bennett 1978). Emerging from this work and that of other writers specifically in Physical Education are two important findings."
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The Commercialism of the Olympics, 2004.
An overview of the economic impact of the Olympic games.
1,287 words (approx. 5.1 pages), 4 sources, MLA, £ 30.95
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Abstract
This paper examines how, for the organizers and advertisers of the Olympics, the event is much more than a series of sport competitions and how, from the moment the bid is placed to host the Olympics, host nations are vying companies for sponsorship, advertising, broadcasting rights, and merchandising rights. It looks at how the games have become much more than sporting achievements, but an opportune time to increase job opportunities and revenue for a country that prepares well in advance for a chance to host the Olympic games and all the visitors and athletes that will be visiting their shores. It analyzes how the Olympic games can make a positive impact on a country?s economy and how, in commercializing the games, the Olympics has turned into another money-making event for struggling economies and money-hungry countries.
From the Paper
"Advertisers, as in the Super Bowl and World Series, are prepared to pay exorbitant prices for ad time during the Opening Ceremonies as well as significant events important to its viewers, i.e. basketball events and other events which feature prominent sport personalities. NBC acquired the rights to provide broadcast coverage of the Olympic Games for an 8 year period starting from 2000 in which they paid $3.6 billion for the rights (McClellan, 2003) and on top of their profits through advertising; the network stands to commercially gain beyond any Super Bowl or World Series."
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Motor Skill Learning Theory, 2004.
This paper discusses motor skill learning theory as related to the author?s experience in learning inline skating.
1,485 words (approx. 5.9 pages), 3 sources, APA, £ 35.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that, as the author practiced inline skating, he remembered that the learner builds one skill upon another and that problem solving can be used in the acquisition of motor skills. The author pointed out that, for several practice sessions, he simply worked on skating forward faster and smoother, practicing making stops at greater speeds, and ?consolidation of skills?. The author found that new skills, which are variations of old skills, are markedly easier to learn than skills that require new movements, such as alternate ways to stop.
From the Paper
"After about an hour, I had a minimal level of skill. I could confidently skate forward, lifting my feet rhythmically, swinging my arms and getting a little distance out of each push. Then I really needed to learn how to stop, because I was capable of gathering some speed. A fellow skater showed me how to stop by demonstrating it and describing it, using explicit instructional methods. Before I attempted it, I used pre-visualization to review the skill in my mind. It took several tries to begin to approximate the skill, but as I practiced, I gradually improved, increasing performance efficiency in a pattern of successive approximation."
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American Television in the 1980s, 2004.
This paper discusses the problems of American television in the 1980s, television's cultural history, the postmodern television consumer culture as explored in DeLillo?s ?White Noise? and Wallace?s ?Girl with Curious Hair", and television sports.
2,630 words (approx. 10.5 pages), 5 sources, MLA, £ 56.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that the decade of the 1980s is seen as the explosion of television culture in terms of the proliferation of networks and the availability of programming through the cable. The author points out that Wallace and DeLillo are both concerned with postmodern characters that are absent internal selves, or rather, characters that seem to be informed of behavior primarily through the use of television. The author believes that sports on television now seems to be as dysfunctional as the nuclear family: a series of different schedules with a lot of hype, dreams or delusions of grandeur, with no meaningful connection to the simple love of the game.
Table of Contents
Cultural History of American Television
The Postmodern Television Consumer Culture: ?White Noise? and ?Girl with Curious Hair?
Television?s Impact on Sports
From the Paper
"The FCC continued to be the regulating body that determined what would be permissible for the American public to view. However, the Reagan administration that preached supply-side economics, believed that deregulation was the best method of growing the economy given the many slow-downs that dominated the 1970?s. ?For FCC chairman (Reagan appointee) [Mark] Fowler, the only kind of regulation that was legitimate came from the market itself, and he made this clear to gleeful industry executives from his earliest days in office? (Steyer 137). Fowler also acknowledged that such regulation should be at the hands of media and broadcasting executives because they had first hand knowledge of what Americans really wanted to see. Ironically, it seemed that the Reagan administration passively promoted a liberal media that looked for alternative methods of programming even though the business executives would assess its effectiveness and its decency."
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Kobe Bryant?s New Image, 2004.
Study of Kobe Bryant's transformation from an athlete to a believer of God and a responsible, good man.
778 words (approx. 3.1 pages), 1 source, APA, £ 19.95
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Abstract
Utilizing theories for and against symbolic interactionism, this paper looks at the similarities and differences in which Bryant?s experience has altered his image, not only as a basketball player, but also mainly as an individual interacting with his society.
From the Paper
"After cases of sexual assault and molestation had been charged against Bryant, he had undergone transforming his image to a more positive one. Mainly a man who is athletic and preoccupied with his sport and profession, Bryant gradually became family-and God-centered, focusing his time with his family apart from playing professional basketball. To illustrate his conversion to being a ?good? man, Bryant had his wife and daughters? names, an angel halo and Psalm?s Scripture 27 tattooed on both his arms. Furthermore, he bought his wife a $4 million diamond ring and has become a staunch believer, even messenger, of God?s good news, since his teammates claim that Bryant often talks about God."
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Jackie Robinson, 2004.
Examines the career of this African-American, major league baseball player and issues of civil rights during his time.
770 words (approx. 3.1 pages), 11 sources, MLA, £ 19.95
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Abstract
Jackie Robinson became the first black person to enter major league baseball in 1947 when he became a Brooklyn Dodger. This paper discusses Robinson?s effect on major league baseball. The discussion covers the league before, during, and after his playing time. The essay also focuses on the effects that entering the league had on him and his life before, during, and after his playing time in the majors.
From the Paper
"During the time that Robinson played in the league he was the target of racial slurs and threats against his life. (Prince 1997) Historians have asserted that his teammates always presented a united front in public, although there was a great deal of racial tension behind the scenes. (Prince 1997) During the time that Robinson was in the leagues there were also other blacks added to the rosters of other major league teams. (Prince 1997)"
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College Athletics, 2004.
An examination of the effect of collegiate athletics on attitudes toward diversity.
2,716 words (approx. 10.9 pages), 9 sources, MLA, £ 58.95
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Abstract
This paper looks at how organized sports offer players an opportunity to meet a variety of students from different backgrounds and how students from public, private, and parochial schools are brought together in a common enterprise, crossing socioeconomic and ethnic lines, so that all players broaden their sense of how other people live. It hypothesizes that males who participate in collegiate athletics have a more positive attitude towards diversity than males who do not participate on collegiate athletic teams. It examines the validity of this statement in an effort to determine how collegiate sports contribute to players? attitudes toward diversity and how this knowledge can improve general notions about diversity. This research question is addressed through a literature review and a questionnaire that samples both male college athletes and non-athletes.
Outline
Abstract
Introduction
Literature Review
Statement of the Problem
Participation in College Athletics: An Open Door to Diversity
Potential of College Athletic Community?s Model of Diversity
Methodology
Discussion
Bibliography
From the Paper
"Attitudes toward diversity and the behavior patterns that accompany these attitudes are likely to affect a student's overall adjustment to a higher education facility since they deal with a student?s ability to successfully adapt to new surroundings (Astin, 1982). For example, studies reveal that students who had positive interracial experiences had a tendency to feel more confident about their own achievements and had more positive feelings about the academic environment as a whole than students who did not have positive interracial experiences."
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The Management of Casinos, 2004.
This paper discusses the history of gambling in the United States and suggests elements for managing casinos.
2,685 words (approx. 10.7 pages), 5 sources, MLA, £ 57.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that gambling has always been part of the United States; even in the original colonies, lotteries were used to raise money, so that playing lotteries even became a civic responsibility. The author points out nine ways to manage money while gambling in a casino, such as using a progressive method of betting by setting a predetermined percentage increase for each winning bet and sticking stick to that. The paper relates that, in the past, casinos gave away rooms and served foods to attract new guests, especially the high rollers; today, non-gaming areas, including rooms, food, shows, retail space, and other aspects or features of their property, are increasingly a focus of potential profit opportunities.
From the Paper
"Casino businesses know that they must put their guests first, otherwise, these businesses are behind and fumbling. They need not only to catch up with the trend but to make giant leaps in order to remain in competition. The lesson to learn is that the casino is in business for the loyalty of each guest; therefore, that guest is at the center of it. If the guest can be made to feel like a royalty, he or she will remember it when he or she leaves, and then come back.
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The Discipline of Kinesiology, 2004.
This paper discusses the discipline of ?kinesiology?, the new identifier for physical education.
1,915 words (approx. 7.7 pages), 9 sources, APA, £ 43.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that kinesiology includes study of sports, traditional physical education topics, ergonomics, movement, dance, physical labor, and any other activity involving physical movement. The author points out that the kinesiology approach to the study of physical activities and sports has been used for decades in areas such as Olympic training and figure skating. The paper relates that one factor influencing this field is the addition of a larger repertoire of research methods that can be tested as to effectiveness and reliability.
Table of Contents
Introduction
Definition of the Field of Kinesiology
Designing Research Methodology
How to Design a Study
From the Paper
"In a rapidly evolving field of study, the first step for the design of a research application is to be current on the existing research and methods used in obtaining the particular data. Instructors and researchers much stay current on the field in order to apply what has been learned. This elementary advice is a key component to accurate research in any field. But in a rapidly evolving environment, an instructor who relies on the same methods for even a short amount of time can discover they he of she is relying on outdated methodology."
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