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Football in the Sultanate of Oman, 2008.
A research paper analyzing the influences, problems and developmental issues associated with football professionalism in the Sultanate of Oman.
9,694 words (approx. 38.8 pages), 19 sources, APA, £ 135.95
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Abstract
This research paper discusses the problematic issue of the professional football industry in Oman. The paper relates that, today, professional sports are a multi-billion dollar global industry, and professional athletes stand to earn enormous sums participating in a wide range of sporting events. Top among these professional sports, of course, is the most popular sport in the world, soccer, or football as it is known outside the United States. The primary importance of professional sports, though, relates more to the social and cultural impact that these events can have in galvanizing an entire nation to become one in their support for their teams, and emotions run high as these competitions become the source of fierce international rivalries. In this environment, there is much at stake beyond the economic impact of professional sports, but the influences and typical problems encountered among professional athletes as they gain prominence in their respective sports remains an understudied area in general and particularly as they apply to the Sultanate of Oman today. This paper researches the position of the football professionalism in the Sultanate of Oman and identifies the factors and issues that affect the development, management, and marketing of this sport today. To this end, a critical review of the relevant peer-reviewed, scholarly, organizational and governmental literature is accompanied by a survey of young people in Oman concerning their perspectives and attitudes towards professional football. Salient conclusions and recommendations are provided in the concluding chapter. Several appendices, tables and charts are included with the paper.
Table of Contents:
Introduction
Review of Related Literature
Methodology
Results and Discussion
Conclusions and Recommendations
From the Paper
"Because soccer represents such an important component of many nation's economy and international prestige, understand how young people view these events is just good business sense from a marketing perspective. Moreover, gaining additional insights into what compels some young players to become professional athletes can help sports medicine providers develop more timely and improved regimens to help these young players accomplish their professional goals. Although these issues are clearly important ones, they remain understudied in the peer-reviewed literature. For instance, Karen and Washington (2001) emphasize that despite its economic and cultural importance in the social realms, sports in general remain a relatively neglected and undertheorized area of sociological research today. Likewise, Beam, Serwatka and Wilson also note that, "Past applications of the multidimensional model of leadership and its associated scales to the intercollegiate setting have yielded some interesting but incomplete results" (p. 3). Therefore, this study will fill in some existing gaps in the extant literature concerning how young people regard professional sports in general and professional football in particular."
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Athletic Strength and Conditioning Program, 2008.
A proposed research methodology to develop a strength and conditioning program to deliver healthier and stronger athletes to college athletic programs.
3,480 words (approx. 13.9 pages), 9 sources, APA, £ 67.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that a strength and conditioning program for delivering a healthier and stronger athlete to a college athletic program involves considerations of several specific aspects of exercise and nutrition and requires a network of professionals in monitoring this process. The paper then presents a literature review and an interview in preparation for a project to develop a methodology for developing such a project. In addition, the paper proposes gathering information from throughout the school and community and discovering the traditional behavior of the athletes and the family and communities of the athletes using the 'Behavioral Risk Factor Survey' and the 'Youth Risk Behavior Survey'.
Table of Contents:
Introduction
Statement of the Problem
Review of the Literature
Interview
Proposed Methodology
Skills Improvement
From the Paper
"To improve the physical, mental and emotional health of youth in the school and community. In order to properly plan athletics it will be important to understand where the interests of young people in the community is focused. The Health Education program will be implemented in collaboration with physicians, clinics, sports clubs, and community organizations through a cooperative formulation of the program design most likely to be effective and most likely to draw the participation of the community's youth."
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Tae Kwon Do, 2008.
An overview of the history and development of Tae Kwon Do.
1,359 words (approx. 5.4 pages), 3 sources, APA, £ 31.95
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Abstract
This paper explores the origins and evolution of Tae Kwon Do as a martial art from its creation in Korea and speculates on why it has become one of the most practiced forms of martial arts in the world. It also examines the philosophical, spiritual and physical nature of this martial art through the five tenets and how those tenets might be reflected in everyday practice both nationally and internationally.
Outline:
Introduction
The Belts
The Five Tenets
The Ten Commandments
Real-World Use of the Five Tenets
From the Paper
"Tae Kwon Do evolved originally from Soo Bak Do, which was practiced as a sport, which had rules that were very detailed as well as being a form of martial arts. The study of Soo Bak Do was supported by the Royal family and the more skilled one was in the art the more likely the individual to receive a promotion in either military or civil service work. Tae Kwon Do originated from Korea and during the occupation by Japan Tae Kwon Do was not openly practiced because it was forbidden therefore students were taught by masters in secret contributing to the various forms of Tae Kwon Do. "
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Bull Fighting in Spain, 2008.
Presents arguments in favor of Spanish bull fighting and opposed to bull fighting with type of argument and fallacy indicated in the opposition argument.
1,650 words (approx. 6.6 pages), 2 sources, MLA, £ 36.95
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Abstract
This paper first supports the decision of the state-run Spanish television network in ending the tradition of broadcasting bull fighting and presents reason for this position. The paper then takes the opposite position in favor of bull fighting. In opposition argument, the paper identifies the type of fallacy and argument mistakes.
Table of Contents:
Against Bull Fighting
Response Paper Indicating Type of Fallacy and Argument: For Bull Fighting
From the Paper
"People who criticize bullfighting disrespect tradition and by discrediting customs, they hope to achieve globalization and the deletion of what is specific to each nation. (guilt by association) Perhaps my arguments are in vain since most protesters are American, and Americans do not know much about traditions. (hasty generalization) Also, I find it a bit ironic that a nation that was born only a few centuries ago can criticize Spain who was an immensely wealthy and advanced state at the time when America was being discovered. Moreover, the fact that America has virtually no authentic universal customs or traditions does not give it the right to criticize others for having a cultural background which they want to preserve. (personal attack)."
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World Formula One Championships, 2008.
This paper covers the abject failure of Formula One to take hold in the United States.
1,670 words (approx. 6.7 pages), 12 sources, MLA, £ 37.95
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Abstract
This paper examines why Formula One racing has not succeeded in the US and examines the effects that it has on the attempts by global advertisers and FISA to create a truly global sponsorship platform. The paper makes the case that Formula One racing will not be successful in the United States in the future, despite the successful globalization efforts of many of its sponsors. It also demonstrates that F1's failure to capture the US imagination will result in a gradual decline in the importance of the sport to global commercial sponsors (although not for global governmental partners).
Outline:
Introduction
Media Growth through Sports
Interest of the Multinationals
Subject Population and Statistical Analysis
Coming to the United States
Benefits for the Participants
Recent Problems with the US
Conclusion: Making Formula One Relevant for the US Market
From the Paper
"Coming to the United States: Benefits for the Participants
The rewards of extending Formula One1 to the US are clear. Although comprising only 5% of the world population, the US accounts for 30% of global GNP (Julius 2005) . Many of the world's largest and most-successful multinationals are headquartered in the US. And the US is the largest car market in the world (Roberts 2006). The potential for sponsorship should exist both inside and outside the US' borders: from multinational companies already sponsoring F1 teams that wish to extend their marketing reach in the sport to the US, to companies (like AT&T) that are headquartered in the US that would like to extend their brand recognition in an effective way to the rest of the world."
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The Globalization of the Formula One Championship, 2008.
A description of how globalized racing and marketing have mutually benefited each other.
1,123 words (approx. 4.5 pages), 6 sources, MLA, £ 26.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses how increased television coverage which has made Formula One racing the third most watched sporting event in the world has led to effective globalized marketing and an increase in sponsorship. Increased sponsorship in turn leads to increased media coverage. The author concludes by using the Shell-Ferrari Formula One relationship as an example to show the positive effect of sponsorship on Shell customers.
Outline
Growth of Formula One Popularity and Globalization
Globalized Marketing and Racing Globalization
Sponsorship and Globalized Brands in Relation to Formula One Racing
From the Paper
"By sponsoring Formula One racing events, organizations increase public awareness of their presence in the marketplace. They enhance their company image and can alter public perception. Sponsorship can build business and trade relationships, as well as goodwill, globally. They can increase target market awareness and build positive image dimensions. In addition, they can build brand preference and increased sales, while blocking competition in an increasingly competitive world, due to globalization."
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"The Iowa Baseball Confederacy", 2008.
A review of superstitions relating to baseball with particular reference to W.P. Kinsella's novel, "The Iowa Baseball Confederacy".
1,326 words (approx. 5.3 pages), 5 sources, MLA, £ 30.95
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Abstract
The paper describes various superstitions associated with baseball via a discussion of W.P. Kinsella's book, "The Iowa Baseball Confederacy". The paper first summarizes Kinsella's book and then goes on to discuss the many superstitions that abound in the game of baseball and explains how the main theme of the "The Iowa Baseball Confederacy" is about these superstitions.
Outline:
Introduction
Baseball and Superstition
From the Paper
"The book The Iowa Baseball Confederacy continues the time honored tradition of superstition and myth by telling a fantastical tale of an Iowa exhibition baseball game played from July 4 to August 12, 1908 between the team called the Iowa Baseball Confederacy and the Chicago Cubs----a game that lasts for an incredible 2,614 innings. The author, W.P. Kinsella, tells the tale through Gideon Clarke, the protagonist who learns about the legendary game from his unusual father, Matthew. Matthew explains to Gideon that no record of the marathon-like game exists because of a great flood of biblical proportions that wiped out all evidence of the game. The flood took with it the Iowa Baseball Confederacy, all of which were lost in a crack in time. All knowledge of the game becomes actualized in Gideon's brain after his father commits suicide at County Stadium in Milwaukee by purposely putting his head in the path of a mean foul line drive. This leads Gideon to discover the crack in time, sending him back to July 4, 1908, where each team is preparing to play the big inning. The Chicago Cub players in the book use retired numbers from actual team members, and President Theodore Roosevelt appears as one of the cameo players, as he strikes out waving a big stick. Another well-known player, Leonardo da Vinci, also appears in the game proclaiming that he, not Abner Doubleday, invented the game of baseball. He states, "Unfortunately....I lived in a nation of bocce players. It took 300 years for baseball to become popular. By that time, my name was no longer associated with it" . Another player, Black Angel of Death, a cemetery statue, plays right field and is able to catch fly balls with her sculpted wings and no glove. Some of the stars on the Iowa Confederacy team include, Shoo Fly, Husk, Frank Pierce, Henry Pulvermacher, and Arsenic O'Reilly, while on the Cubs team players include Chance, Joe Tinker, Johnny Evers, and the pitcher Mordecai "Three Finger" Brown Other key characters include an ancient Indian warrior named Drifting Away, whose wife was murdered by White men."
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Adult Influence in Children's Sports, 2008.
This paper discusses the psychological effects that parents and coaches have on youths involved in sports.
2,126 words (approx. 8.5 pages), 8 sources, APA, £ 45.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer looks at the psychological effects that parents and coaches have upon youths participating in athletic pursuits. Specifically, the paper argues that positive parental role models can encourage young men and women to grow as people because of their sporting experiences and to become more active in sports. Further, the writer maintains that such influence can show that athletic activities are about more than simply winning and losing. The writer concludes that parents and coaches have an enormous impact upon the psychological development of youngsters participating in sports.
From the Paper
"Similarly, coaches who genuinely care about their charges can boost the self-esteem levels of children and convince those under their care that there is something gratifying and meaningful about playing a team sport or an individual sport. In the end, young people who play sports - just like young people who involve themselves in any extra-curricular activity - are highly impressionable and psychologically vulnerable, and can easily be shaped for good or ill by the adults around them. Consequently, conscientious parents and coaches will never lose sight of the fact that sports are, at least for the very young, a means to an end and not an end in themselves.
"To begin with, parents can exert tremendous pressure upon young people involved in sports. Achievement-by-Proxy Disorder is a situation wherein parents who could never quite achieve sporting success for themselves transfer their yearnings and hopes upon their children. In the end, this unhealthy sort of parental pressure can lead to the abuse and/or exploitation of children or adolescents."
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"Baseball in Asheville, North Carolina", 2008.
Describes the way the author researched the topic "Baseball in Asheville, North Carolina".
1,270 words (approx. 5.1 pages), 8 sources, MLA, £ 29.95
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Abstract
This paper relates that researching and writing a paper about baseball in Asheville, North Carolina involved the process of finding good sources, determining the validity and quality of their content and then selecting eight of them to be used in writing the paper. The author points out that, although he did go to the library for printed sources, he relied on the Internet, especially the search engine Google, to identify potential sources quickly. The paper concludes that requiring at least four different types of sources was advantageous because it broadened the author's research skills and enabled the writer to provide a more comprehensive analysis.
From the Paper
"All of the sources discussed above were useful in researching and writing about various aspects of baseball in Asheville, especially about the Tourists, but the earlier sections of the paper dealing with little league baseball in Asheville and the involvement and attitudes of parents were based not only upon sources but upon personal experience. Most people, regardless of whether they live in Asheville or not, who have watched their children, or nephews, or the children of friends play little league baseball have seen negative and unfortunate behavior from some parents."
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Baseball In Asheville, 2008.
This paper explores the popularity of baseball in Asheville, North Carolina.
1,924 words (approx. 7.7 pages), 8 sources, MLA, £ 42.95
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Abstract
The paper discusses how watching and playing baseball is a long and proud tradition in Asheville, North Carolina. The paper relates that although baseball is popular at every level in Asheville, from the little league teams to the city's high school teams and the UNC-Asheville college team, the Tourists minor league team is perhaps the most beloved. The paper also notes the former Tourists players who have made it to the major leagues.
From the Paper
"Playing baseball and attending games at every level of competition is a long and proud tradition in Asheville, North Carolina. For more than one-hundred years, generations of Asheville youngsters have grown up playing baseball on the city's diamonds and many minor league players from all over the United States have played for the Asheville Tourists. Some have gone on to play baseball at the major league level, including Hall of Famers such as Willie Stargell, and legendary players such as Babe Ruth and Lou Gehrig have played at McCormick Field in exhibition games."
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Problems and Practices in Sports, 2008.
This paper discusses grievance procedures related to problems and practices in sports.
1,432 words (approx. 5.7 pages), 5 sources, MLA, £ 32.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer explores the policies, procedures and grievances that can occur in sports. The personal services contract and its relevance to sports are detailed and the role of the athletes and their contractual relationship with an individual promoter or team owners are discussed. The paper also reviews the history of player unions and sports league relationships and explains the governing bodies that control this relationship. In addition, the collective bargaining process, arbitration and mediation process are explained as they relate to professional sports.
Outline:
Abstract
References
From the Paper
"In the case where an athlete refuses to compete in an individual event, a boxing match for example, the promoters, the people whom engaged the athlete for their unique abilities, can sue the athlete for monetary compensation. The amount of damages due to the promoters is easily calculated in the form of lost profits from the revenue derived from the exhibition of the sporting event. In the case of an athlete that is a member of a sports team, and is a similar hypothetical where the athlete refuses to participate in a particular game, it is much harder to determine the extent of the lost profits for a single player not participating causes. Most likely there is another athlete on the team that can fulfill the responsibilities of the wayward athlete, and there can be no discernable effect on the event."
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Sexism and Canadian Women's Hockey, 2008.
This paper looks at the part played by sexism in the Canadian women's hockey field.
1,279 words (approx. 5.1 pages), 4 sources, MLA, £ 29.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer notes that today's society is based on a gender binary that requires men and women to be opposites. Men are expected to be active and aggressive; women are expected to be inactive and passive. The writer discusses that women in sports directly challenge this gender binary - they are not passive, but rather the opposite of passive. The writer maintains that women in sports are sometimes subjected to the abuse and discrimination that all gender outlaws in our society attract. The writer points out that this issue is particularly marked in Canadian women's hockey. The women's team is far more successful than the men's team and yet most people don't even know it exists. The writer discusses that women playing hockey detract from the aggressive male image associated with male hockey, while at the same time challenging every tenet of the gender binary. The writer concludes that teenagers should be taught parenting skills of which an important part should be examining and unlearning the sexism they have already learned from society.
Outline:
The Issue
Sources from the Internet
Explanation for the Issue and Plan of Action
From the Paper
"Thus, as soon as a woman is strong and brave, she is suddenly a suspect! No wonder no one pays any attention to Canada's women hockey players!
"What is the solution to this? Clearly, there has to be an education program to combat the enduring belief in biological essentialism. Children need to be taught from a very young age that all people are capable of all attributes. They need to understand that the various human qualities are a virtual smorgasbord, from which they can freely choose, regardless of their gender. They need to be exposed to role models of adults who transcend the usual norms."
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Hockey and Women, 2008.
This paper examines women's increasing inclusion and success in Canadian hockey.
1,067 words (approx. 4.3 pages), 1 source, MLA, £ 25.95
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Abstract
The paper discusses ho,w although Canada is a liberal society based on equal rights, hockey is traditionally seen as a sport for men, since it involves power, violence and brute force. The paper first looks at Canada's long history of sexist thinking and women's growing role in hockey today. The paper then discusses the success of Canada's Olympic women's ice hockey team that indicates that traditional, sexist notions of women in sport are finally being overturned.
Outline:
Introduction
Women and Hockey
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Though the popular media is now making moves towards supporting and encouraging women's participation in ice hockey, it is true that the sport in Canada has a long history of sexist thinking. Sports observers have even acknowledged that women were certainly a late inclusion in the world of "masculine" sports. Such voices include Gruneau and Whitson (1994), authors of the book "Hockey Night in Canada". Gruneau and Whitson acknowledge that women have painstakingly made their way in the hockey arena after fighting decades of repression and sexist stereotyping. As the authors attest, it was more than a hundred years after hockey was born that women were finally recognized as potential players."
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Politics and the Rome Olympics, 2008.
This paper discusses the politics involved in the 1960 Olympic Games held in Rome.
1,430 words (approx. 5.7 pages), 15 sources, MLA, £ 32.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer looks at the politics surrounding the 1960 Rome Olympics and examines how these externalities shaped the way in which history will remember the Games. The paper also looks at why the Games were so vitally important to Italy at the time - and why the Games, perhaps in a fashion unknown at the time, contributed to the burgeoning feminist movement. Finally, and most importantly, the paper looks at the role the Cold War played in making the 1960 Rome Games substantially different from any Olympic Games that had come before it. In particular, time is devoted to looking at how the Olympic Games of 1960 signaled to a mass American audience that the notion of automatic American superiority was no more; the medal haul of the Soviet Union that year was compelling proof of such. Ultimately, the 1960 Rome Olympics saw broader developments in the wider world reflected in significant changes on the medal podium.
From the Paper
"The 1960 Rome Olympics was significant, in part, because it underscored the position of Italy at the dawn of the 1960s. To wit, the country was awarded the 1960 Rome Olympics chiefly because of its economic progress since 1945 and because of its legitimate place as a member of the "Capitalist West;" there is also the general sense that the country was given the bauble of the Games because of its political progress since the end of the Second World War; as an addendum, it should be noted that the Games were very important to Italians, or at least to their leaders, inasmuch as the country struggled after the close of the Second World War with a reputation for being politically unstable and even "anarchic". From a purely economic stand-point, the 1960 Rome Olympics were important to Italy because the country, whatever economic gains it had made in the previous 15 years, was still woefully dependent upon tourism."
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