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Burke's Contributions to Rhetoric, 2001. This paper discusses Kenneth Burke's contributions to rhetoric and its importance as a communicative tool. 2,890 words (approx. 11.6 pages), 7 sources, £ 58.95 »
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Abstract This paper examines the history of rhetoric and it's significance in early Greek and Roman civilizations that coincided with creation of democracy and the importance of public speech. It then shows Kenneth Burke's contribution to the new rhetoric as an argumentative weapon and his influence on the post-modern deconstructionism.
Table of Contents
1. Introduction
2. Section One: The Preceding Conversation
3. Section Two: Contribution to the Conversation
4. Section Three: Effect on the Conversation
5. Conclusion
From the paper:
"The word ?rhetoric? has an old fashioned air about it. It calls up images of schoolrooms with children in ruffled collars and Latin grammars and not a laptop in sight for several centuries. But rhetoric is as alive as is language itself, and this paper examines the importance of rhetorical studies in helping each of us to become the best writers and speakers ? the best communicators ? that we can be. A historical study of changes models and standards in rhetoric can also provide us not only with a sense of how linguistic and especially English style has changed over the years as well as illuminating how our conception of language and its structure and function have changed as well. This paper engages in such an examination by focusing on the work of Kenneth Burke. We begin with a brief overview of the life of this man whose rhetorical work we will then examine."
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"Delia" by Samuel Daniel, 2001. This paper discusses the importance of Samuel Daniel?s "Delia" through its structure and the creation of the modern sonnet. 2,810 words (approx. 11.2 pages), 8 sources, £ 57.95 »
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Abstract This paper discusses the importance of Samuel Daniel?s "Delia" through its structure and the creation of the modern sonnet. The author explores Daniel's influences including Sir Philip Sidney and Shakespeare, and his use of the Petrarchan writing mechanisms. Further this paper examines the significance of the sonnet to the English Renaissance and European poetry.
From the paper:
"Samuel Daniel?s Delia presents to the modern reader a nearly perfect mechanism through which to contemplate the structure of the sonnet in English as it first came to be incorporated into the common practice of this language. His use of Petrarchan forms and metrical traditions demonstrates that the sonnet when it first entered into wide use in the Renaissance was indeed a direct carry-over from the Italian, a mimicking by English writers of the Italianate structure of neoclassicism, a harkening back to Rome and so to Athens."
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Ramus v. Quintilian: The Clash of Rival Fallacies, 2002. An examination of the conflict and rhetoric clashes between Ramus and Quintilian. 1,405 words (approx. 5.6 pages), 3 sources, £ 31.95 »
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Abstract This paper discusses the battle between Peter Ramus and Quintilian. The author compares this battle to the one between Iran and Iraq and examines the way that the United States aided Iraq to fight Iran in the 1980?s because she wanted to even ground and protract the war to make sure both sides lost many lives. The author compares this situation to the one in the battle between Peter Ramus and Quintilian where a stalemate of winning arguments arises and both sides have lost.
From the paper:
"With the considerable lashing Ramus unleashes on Quintilian, one would expect ridiculous argumentation from the former and substantial rebuttal from the later. However, Ramus only emerges victorious on one front, the separation of morality and rhetoric. His second onslaught, conversely, never penetrates Quintilian?s solid wall of reason. Without invention, arrangement, and memory, rhetoric fails to persuade. With clear victory implausible for either party, witnesses to the squabble find themselves echoing the sentiment of Henry Kissinger: Quintilian and Ramus have both lost."
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English-Only Initiatives, 2001. This is a persuasive essay that discusses the advantages of teaching solely in the English language in the U.S. 1,335 words (approx. 5.3 pages), 1 source, £ 30.95 »
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Abstract This paper discusses the pros and cons of teaching solely in English in the United States. The author explains how the advantages convince us that we should adopt instruction in English nationwide in order to live up to our reputation as a land of equality among our residents. The paper also discusses how teaching in languages alienates English speakers from non-English speakers.
From the paper:
"In the United States, we residents are well known for our diversity and ability to accept many different things. The battle over the most effective way to teach our children has resulted in an ongoing debate between teaching in the English language or bilingual education. Not only has bilingual education been a failure in many parts of the country, but also a waste of precious financial resources. The prevailing language in the U.S. is English, and it has worked well to keep the country united. With a high number of diverse cultures cohabitating, the assortment of languages has served to promote ethnic elitism. Those who do not speak English fluently are incessantly among lower social classes."
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Bilingual Education and Bilingualism, 2001. Discusses the spread and decline of various languages. 1,150 words (approx. 4.6 pages), 0 sources, £ 26.95 »
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Abstract This paper discusses the pros and cons of bilingualism focusing on the homogenizing of the world's languages and the struggle to keep some languages and cultures alive. It mentions the effects of colonial powers, the necessities of learning other languages for trade purposes and the reluctance of younger members of minority groups to learn their original tongue. Contains information such as the top nine countries language wise contain 3,300 languages. The paper also discusses the gradual process of change in a language.
From the paper:
?Bilingualism is a reality today and it will become a greater reality as time goes. The extent to which it is prevalent is evidenced by the presence of bilinguals in every country today, as well as in every social class and every age group. International travel, communication and the mass media, emigration and planetary economics have created a so-called global village whereby inhabitants speak more than their own native language."
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Linguistics, 2001. The differences between American English and Canadian English. 3,000 words (approx. 12.0 pages), 13 sources, £ 60.95 »
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Abstract This paper analyzes and examines the differences between American English and Canadian English. In Part II, the national language conflict in Canada is discussed. Part III evaluates the differences between American English and Canadian English are examined. Finally, this paper concludes with a recommendation for embracing bilingualism
From the paper:
"Modern Canada was born out of the Confederation of New Brunswick, Nova Scotia, and Ontario (formerly Upper Canada) and Quebec (formerly Lower Canada), under the 1867 Constitution Act.[1] The constitutional provisions for language were minimal.[2] The Constitution Act, 1867 provided for the use of English or French in the debates and the use of both languages in the records and journals of Parliament and the Quebec legislature, the publication of acts of both bodies in English and French, and the permission to use either language in any court of Canada or Quebec.[3]"
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Three Eras of Communication, 2001. This paper will explain the nature of three eras of communication as reflected in a specific example taken from very recent, contemporary times. 1,350 words (approx. 5.4 pages), 2 sources, £ 31.95 »
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Abstract The following paper discusses the "Three Eras of Communication,? that Sarah Russell Hankins? talks about in her essay. According to her essay, three eras of communication can be divided roughly as existing in three distinct eras or forms of idea transmission. The author discusses the primary orality era, the literary era and the secondary literary orality.
From the paper:
" The second of these eras is that of the secondary or literary era of communication. To a certain extent, to call this era secondary is disingenuous, as many cultures, such as that of the early Celtic culture in Ireland, never moved onto a literary form of communication, and obviously oral transmission occurs on a daily basis in literate cultures. However, Hankins' point is that the introduction of literacy changes the nature of both written and oral communication, as well as introducing a new venue for that communication. This era moves stretches through the invention of the first alphabet to the introduction of the printing press in the Middle Ages".
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The History and Development of English, 2001. A look at the development of the English language. 1,380 words (approx. 5.5 pages), 7 sources, £ 31.95 »
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Abstract This paper presents an examination of the English language and its origins. The author traces through the three stages of Old English, Middle English, and Modern English and examines the development of language.
From the Paper "The English Language has been built on the backs of great nations and as these nations rose they brought with them a language that has evolved over many generations and is spoken all over the world. The history of the English language is an extensive and colorful one that has filled the lives of the linguistic scholars who have studied it with many hours of reading material. The English language and its origins will be traced through the three stages of Old English, Middle English, and Modern English. The stages will be studied in order to understand what influences have played a key role in the development of English. Also in this paper a look will be taken at the ways slang, jargon, and Colloquialism continue to the changes that English is even now under going."
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Sounds for a System: Phonemes in the English Language, 2001. This paper discusses the reason for the limited number of phonemes in the English language and how phonemes are added and lost from the language. 1,700 words (approx. 6.8 pages), 2 sources, £ 37.95 »
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Abstract This paper discusses phonemes and how they apply to the English language. The author traces changes in this language beginning with Old English and moving through Middle English to present-day English, and provides examples of changes in each. The author also explains why only forty-four out of a possible three hundred phonemes are used in present-day English.
From the Paper "A phoneme, as defined by Crystal is, ?The smallest contrastive unit in the system of a language?(456). There are approximately three hundred phonemes in existence that are shared by the five thousand plus languages of the world. The English language only uses forty-four of the three hundred total phonemes. Some languages require more than forty-four phonemes and some require less in order to function. The truth is that none of the world?s languages use the three hundred available phonemes. Languages use only as many as they need in order to be understood. The reason that the English language uses a mere forty-four phonemes is very simple; that is all that it needs. However, the number of phonemes in our language has changed, and it will probably change in the future. It is important to examine the reasons for change and discuss why the number of English phonemes is so limited."
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Slang,Youth Subcultures and Rock Music, 2001. An in-depth look at slang, its origins and rock and roll. 22,900 words (approx. 91.6 pages), 16 sources, £ 170.95 »
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Abstract This is an intensive paper looking at both slang and rock music. The two have much in common and the author goes to great lengths to divulge their common threads. It's an 'All you need to know' paper looking at the history of slang, its many uses, youth subcultures and rock subcultures of the 20th - 21st century. The author includes a handy dictionary of slang terms.
From the Paper "Slang fills a necessary niche in all languages, occupying a middle ground between the standard and informal words accepted by the general public and the special words and expressions known only to comparatively small social subgroups. It can serve as a bridge or a barrier, either helping both old and new words that have been used as "insiders' " terms by a specific group of people to enter the language of the general public or, on the other hand, preventing them from doing so. Thus, for many words, slang is a testing ground that finally proves them to be generally useful, appealing, and acceptable enough to become standard or informal. For many other words, slang is a testing ground that shows them to be too restricted in use, not as appealing as standard synonyms, or unnecessary, frivolous, faddish, or unacceptable for standard or informal speech."
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Lexical Representation in Arabic, 2001. The present paper deals with the lexical representaion of Arabic speakers, tested by a newly developed experimental paradigm. 6,325 words (approx. 25.3 pages), 13 sources, £ 100.95 »
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Abstract A discussion about how words are stored in memory and retrieved. The author discusses how the mental lexical is organized focusing on the priming paradigm method, which entails looking for stimuli that facilitate word retrieval. This is a review of the relevant literature including a proposition of alternative instruments to be used as well as a pilot experiment using the proposed instrument. Main focus is on Arabic speakers.
Abstract
1. Introduction
2. Literature Review
3. The Present Paper
4. Metodology
4.a. Stimuli and Design
4.b. Participants and Procedure
5. Results and Discussion
From the Paper "How is our mental lexicon organized?" Is this an abstract theoretical question that belongs solely to the domain of linguistics? In my opinion it does not; this question may have practical consequences too. Take for instance language learning: knowledge about the way the mental lexicon is organized might serve in constructing better learning programs. For example, if we knew that morphological knowledge of language learners facilitates their learning, it might be required to focus on this aspect when constructing a teaching program. And in fact, psycholinguistic literature does report a facilitating effect of morphological knowledge (Mimouni et al 1998, Deutsch et al 1998 and Frost et al 1997)."
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The Use of Media in War, 1999. A look at how NATO and Slobodan Milosevic took excellent advantage of propaganda using the media as a communicator during the Kosovo War. 1,835 words (approx. 7.3 pages), 6 sources, £ 39.95 »
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Abstract A look at the effects of propaganda during war with special reference to the war in Kosovo. The writer argues that opinions do not simply exist; they are always formed. Usually, it is propaganda that produces the most effective results and especially when the question of concern is war. Both NATO and Slobodan Milosevic took advantage of propaganda using the media as a communicator.
From the Paper "Everybody pretends to know the truth about this war. Yet, they all have difficulties defining truth. The reason is that people confuse knowing the truth with having an opinion. And opinions do not simply exist; they are always formed. Usually, it is propaganda that produces the most effective results. This war was not an exception."
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Illiteracy: Today's National Crisis, 2001. This is a short essay on illiteracy in America. 1,563 words (approx. 6.3 pages), 6 sources, £ 35.95 »
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Abstract This paper focuses on facts and statistics surrounding America's growing problem of illiteracy. The author discusses the major causes of illiteracy and the numbers of illiterates today. The author then presents some solutions to solve the problem.
From the Paper "?Call 1-800-ABC-DEFG; Hooked on Phonics worked for me.? Almost everyone has heard the commercial that uses this motto, Hooked on Phonics. Children of all ages tell how Hooked on Phonics helped them to read. For skeptical parents there is a money back guarantee if their children do not improve at least a letter grade on their next report card. Obviously something is wrong in America if fewer and fewer children are being taught how to read. Granted many children can read, but there is still little or no reading comprehension. Illiteracy is a never-ending cycle in America".
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Re-Arguing Plato's "Republic X", 2000. A new look at Plato's argument to expel the poets from his Republic. 2,235 words (approx. 8.9 pages), 1 source, £ 47.95 »
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Abstract This paper re-examines Plato?s "Republic X" as it attempts to denounce the poets from Plato?s ?perfect? republic. It argues for the expulsion of poetry that is not of lyric or historical importance and in doing so attacks some of the very important ideals that modern poetry is founded upon. The paper takes Plato?s arguments that the poet does not actually ?create? in his craft and is therefore, basically, a liar, and attempts to further this argument by using quotes from James and Wordsworth in an attempt to re-argue Plato?s point.
From the Paper "In the Republic, Book X, Socrates, through the pen of his brilliant pupil Plato, argues for ?our refusal to admit the imitative kind of poetry, for it certainly ought not to be received.? (p. 21) However, although Plato is widely regarded as a man of unquestioned genius, and his Republic a work of infinite possibility, this single phrase that sums the whole of the tenth book up has become the topic of heated debate in western literary criticism."
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