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Money Laundering and Terrorist Funding, 2006.
A review of the efforts of the HSBC Bank USA to prevent money laundering and terrorist funding.
7,162 words (approx. 28.6 pages), 15 sources, APA, £ 113.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses how, in an effort to combat the risk of criminal and terrorist activity, the federal government of the United States has charged banking institutions with protecting, monitoring, and reporting financial activity that may aid terrorists and criminals. According to the paper, the HSBC Bank USA takes this charge very seriously due to its own risk and a sense of social responsibility. This paper reviews how HSBC Bank USA strives for compliance within the legal framework set forth by the United States Patriot Act and Bank Security Act.
Table of Contents:
Executive Summary
Mission and Value Statement
Problem Statement
Chapter 1. The Risk of Money Laundering and Terrorist Funding in the Banking Industry
Chapter 2. Legal Requirements and HSBC Compliance
Chapter 3. Technology Issues
Chapter 4. HSBC Operations and Internal Management
Chapter 5. Impending Developments and Future Challenges
Hypothesis
Conclusion
From the Paper
"With payment filtering in place, false positives are an unfortunate inevitability. Coping with false positives--the blocking of transactions that are in fact legal customer activity--is a frustrating corporate matter for banks. Despite every care to prevent inconvenience to banking patrons, HSBC payment filters are likely to block payments where beneficiary names are similar to those on watch lists. This creates issues for management within HSBC, as additional personnel must be available to identify false positives and, where necessary, manually reverse payment rejections. Allocating addition funding for support staff and technology advances can aid in reducing false positives. Seeking out the best technology available and supporting industry-wide pushes for more research may also contribute to better advances and progress. "
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Internet Vulnerability, 2007.
An analysis of the possible risk for consumers in terms of the loss of their personal identity and privacy and their exposure to fraud when using the Internet.
1,199 words (approx. 4.8 pages), 7 sources, MLA, £ 29.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the vulnerability of citizens and consumers in terms of Internet transactions. It examines both criminal activities, as well as legitimate yet privacy-endangering activities that occur through the Internet. In addition, the paper discusses ways in which consumers can protect themselves against such activities. It suggests ways that consumers can avoid the possible problems related to Internet communications.
From the Paper
"While the Internet has certainly made lives more convenient, communications faster, and information more readily accessible, there is a price to pay for these conveniences. As Howard Rheingold points out in "Disinformocracy," consumers need to look closely at technology, and examine not only how advancements such as the Internet can improve lives, but also the risks associated with that improvement (Rheingold, 188). Once risks are identified, such as the risk of responding to emails, online transactions, online communication, and web surfing, consumers need to protect themselves by performing a few simple, quick steps to keep both their own computers and their information stored online secure. While the Internet certainly introduces several privacy and identity theft issues, informed consumers can protect themselves against such losses, and the Internet can remain a safe, protected, vital piece of technology in the modern world."
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Hurricane Katrina and Crime, 2007.
An analysis of the rise in crime rates following Hurricane Katrina.
1,513 words (approx. 6.1 pages), 5 sources, MLA, £ 35.95
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Abstract
Hurricane Katrina was the worst natural disaster in American History. Although the storm itself was a destructive force, the social and political issues that arose in its wake are likely to go down in history as even more destructive. One of the most discussed social issues has to do with the increased crime rates that have occurred in cities that absorbed large numbers of Hurricane Katrina evacuees. The purpose of this paper is to examine the impact of citizen displacement on cities such as Houston and San Antonio, Texas. In particular it focuses on the rising crime rate in Houston and the theory that may explain why there has been such a significant increase in the amount of crime in the area.
Outline:
Introduction
Crime Increases in Houston, Texas Following Hurricane Katrina
Social Disorganization Theory
Conclusion
From the Paper
"There may be several reasons why the increase in crime has been so prevalent in Houston. For the purposes of this discussion, we will focus on Social disorganization theory particularly as it relates to residential instability. According to National Criminal Justice Reference Service (NCJRS) social disorganization theory can be described as
"an inability of community members to achieve shared values or to solve jointly experienced problems (Bursik, 1988; Social Disorganization and Rural Communities)." The article explains further that the problem of social disorganization is usually prevalent in urban areas that are the only places the newly arriving poor (evacuees) can afford to live. "
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Juvenile Delinquency, 2007.
An analysis of the factors contributing to juvenile delinquency in the United States and possible solutions to the problem.
3,593 words (approx. 14.4 pages), 27 sources, MLA, £ 71.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the issues of juvenile delinquency in the United States and suggests that there are various surveys and reports that show clearly that the number of juvenile offenders is increasing. The paper discusses the possible reasons for this increase, as well as its implications. It then discusses environmental, social and cultural issues related to juvenile delinquency. Finally, the paper concludes with solutions and preventative measures for the problem.
Table of Contents:
Introduction
What is Delinquency
The Importance of this Topic
General Causes and Conditions of Juvenile Delinquency
Environmental, Social and Cultural Issues
Solutions and Preventative Measures
The Role of Social Work in Juvenile Delinquency
Summary and conclusion
From the Paper
"The issue of juvenile delinquency is a problem that is related to a wide complex of sociological, cultural, economic and psychological issues. There are many variables within society that impact on the development and the effects of delinquent behavior. The research on this subject reveals that among these various factors, the influence of peers and the family on the early development in children are of primary importance. Neither can one discount important factors such as economic conditions and environment as major aspects in the development of juvenile delinquency."
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Juvenile Sentencing, 2007.
This paper looks at the debate surrounding the practice of sentencing juveniles to adult facilities.
1,956 words (approx. 7.8 pages), 5 sources, MLA, £ 44.95
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Abstract
The paper explains that due to the increase of school shootings and other serious crimes committed by adolescents that have grabbed national media attention, many believe that juveniles should be sentenced to adult correctional systems. Yet, the paper relates that today, many politicians are poised to abandon this approach. The paper discusses those who have a positive view towards the juvenile justice system who claim that what is needed is adequate funding and support to make the system work properly.
From the Paper
"Shay Bilchik, president and CEO of the Child Welfare League of America, writes in the April 2003 issue of Correction Today, that the United States has taken a dramatic step toward prosecuting far too many juveniles in the adult correctional system (Bilchik). Laws in the United States recognize that juveniles are too young to consume alcohol, vote, engage in legal contracts and enter into marriage because they are not fully developed mentally and emotionally (Bilchik). The juvenile justice system, created by legislators, is based on the belief that adolescents have much to learn, and that early interventions will alter their paths toward delinquent behavior (Bilchik). Yet today, many politicians are poised to abandon this approach."
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Legalization of Drugs, 2007.
This paper examines the pros and cons of legalizing illicit drugs.
2,473 words (approx. 9.9 pages), 9 sources, MLA, £ 53.95
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Abstract
The paper discusses the topic of drug legalization that is a heatedly contested debate. The paper discusses how those in favor of the liegalization of illicit drugs feel that drug laws have not significantly reduced the demand for drugs, but have only served to make the drug problem worse. They show how the illegal status of drugs has encouraged corruption among law enforcement and politicians. The paper also brings the arguments of those opposed to legalizing drugs who argue that it would cause increased drug use and crimes and would be a drain on the American economy.
Outline:
Introduction
Pros of Illicit Drug Legalization
Cons of Illicit Drug Legalization
From the Paper
"Proponents of drug legalization most often begin their debate with the statement that America's drug laws, as they currently stand, are ineffective. Programs such as "Just Say No" and "Zero Tolerance" have been unsuccessful (Linn, Yager & Leake). America, although fighting tenaciously, is losing the War on Drugs, and in fact, current drug policies have actually made the problem worse. A drug free America is simply unrealistic (Eldredge & McCollum). For this reason, they surmise that changes need to be made, and the legalization of the drugs being fought against currently, is one such advocated change, accentuated with the premise that in a truly free society, the government should not be able to regulate what drugs a person can or cannot take (Levinson; Messerli)."
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Women in Prison, 2007.
An examination of the prison system for women.
972 words (approx. 3.9 pages), 2 sources, APA, £ 24.95
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Abstract
This paper presents an examination of women in prison. The writer explores the history of the prison system, highlighting the historical aspects of women within the system. The author concludes that prisons with a female population are working toward a rehabilitative atmosphere more than a punitive atmosphere and only time will tell how successful such institutions will become.
From the Paper
"For the most part society had less respect for female inmates and criminals than it did its male inmates and criminals according to records that were kept at various prisons around the country. The first Illinois female prisoner in the state system was in 1835,. Her name was Sally Jefferson and she was sentenced for arson. She was pardoned within six weeks however her stay alerted officials of a coming trend, women in prison."
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The Son of Sam, 2007.
This paper discusses the murderer David Berkowitz, know as the Son of Sam, and the crimes that made him famous.
1,520 words (approx. 6.1 pages), 4 sources, MLA, £ 35.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that David Berkowitz, who, during the 1970s in New York, murdered six innocent people and severely injured many other victims, experienced a troubled childhood and early adult life. The author points out that, at his recent parole hearing in 2002, he sent a letter to the Governor stating that he did not wish to have parole granted because he did not deserve to spend a single day free after the pain and suffering he had caused many families during what he says now was the work of the devil. The paper relates that the Son of Sam Law was enacted to prevent any future violent offenders from profiting after they commit such heinous crimes.
From the Paper
"Even as a small child Berkowitz was not a social person. He preferred to stay to himself and, as he grew older, he was physically much larger than other children his age, which he later reported made him significantly uncomfortable. He became a bully and spent much of his childhood picking on other children and taking their money from them. He was called hyperactive, which was the term used for ADHD in those days, and he was prone to have violent outbursts with little or no warning."
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Restorative Justice, 2006.
A review and discussion regarding restorative justice.
1,346 words (approx. 5.4 pages), 4 sources, MLA, £ 32.95
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Abstract
This paper reviews and discusses the concept of restorative justice. According to the paper, restorative justice is an approach towards providing justice that concentrates on removing harm caused by an action, holding the offender responsible for the personal action, and providing the victims with an opportunity to identify the crime and criminal.
Outline:
Introduction
Restorative System and Mainstream Judicial Laws
Restorative System: Fundamentals
Restorative System: Serving Society Better
Conclusion
From the Paper
"There are certain clauses in the Restorative law that recognizes the need to adopt different and partially tougher course of action if the offender is not found cooperative. However the law demands that the course of action should be experimented, and evaluated on the grounds that if they are reasonable, restorative, and respectful. The offenders should comply by the standards of safety, values, ethics, responsibility, accountability and civility. The offenders should be exposed to the same nature of crime experienced by the victims, and should be provided with the chance of learning empathy. Such an offender should be provided with opportunities to be productive member of society. The participation of the offender into social and community affairs should be well received and acknowledged. The offender should be equipped with the values and fundamentals required to be productive member of the society."
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Alternative Interrogation Methods, 2007.
This paper discusses matters relating to alternative interrogation methods and techniques.
923 words (approx. 3.7 pages), 5 sources, MLA, £ 23.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer notes that with the strikes on America on September 11th, America changed. The writer points out that no longer were the borders of one of the strongest countries in the world effective barriers against terrorism. The writer discusses that, as in any war, interrogation becomes a primary means of information gathering. For this reason the writer maintains that the issue of the use of alternative interrogation techniques has risen to the forefront of the American debate. The writer then looks at whether coercive techniques can be considered as torture. The writer concludes that if one person standing on a box, who is never in any real danger of being harmed, or one person who is forced to go without sleep, gave information that would prevent a second September 11th from occurring, than the use of these interrogation techniques would be worth it.
From the Paper
"It is difficult to determine what involvement President Bush's administration had prior to passing of legislation such as the Military Commissions Act. President Bush has insisted that the interrogators themselves requested the tough alternative interrogation techniques. Yet, others insist that documents show that instead these coercive techniques were forced on the interrogators. One thing is certain, the Abu Gharib scandal has caused the general public to question just what techniques are being used during interrogation, and at what point does alternative morph into torture?"
"Abu Gharib prison is, perhaps, one of the most notorious recent military scandals brought to the American public's attention. With debate over America's presence in Iraq in full force, the accounts of abuse and torture coming from the prison in 2003 were perfect fuel for the fire. An internal investigation conducted in 2004, and later exposure in the American media, found American military personnel abusing prisoners, severely damaging the credibility of America's presence in Iraq, both at home and abroad. Although the Bush administration noted that these acts were isolated acts of individuals, others noted that these actions were condoned by the military as forms of alternative interrogation."
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Drunk Driving, 2007.
This paper argues that drunk driving must be addressed from a sociological and legal standpoint.
2,217 words (approx. 8.9 pages), 7 sources, MLA, £ 48.95
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Abstract
The paper examines the issues of drunk driving as well as the impact law enforcement has had on its reduction. The paper argues that drunk driving is more of a social issue than a legal issue and that education must be combined with law enforcement to make a difference. The paper contends that the legal system has the ability to mandate treatment and perhaps save the drunk driver as well as those he would have encountered on the road.
Outline:
Introduction
Field Sobriety Tests
Problems
Solutions
International
Conclusion
From the Paper
"John's law is one of many examples when societal responsibility meets legislation and works together to reduce the incidence of driving while impaired. If America is ever going to reduce the fatalities and injuries caused by drunk driving it will have to realize that it is a social as well as a legal issue and combine educational programs with punitive actions to stop drivers from drinking and driving(Mejeur, 2003)."
"New Jersey as well as eight other states have enacted laws that allow them to hold drunk drivers until their blood alcohol levels are below the state's legal limit. While this helps prevent an immediate accident from occurring the root of the problem is still there and should be handled from a societal standpoint."
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Refusal to Hire Ex-Offenders, 2006.
A discussion regarding the issue of businesses refusing to hire ex-offenders.
1,673 words (approx. 6.7 pages), 9 sources, APA, £ 38.95
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Abstract
This paper explores the issue of refusing to hire based on criminal background checks. The paper examines various related issues, such as what types of positions usually cannot be held by someone with a criminal background and state and federal laws regarding hiring or refusal to hire based on criminal background checks. The paper focuses primarily on Maryland.
Outline:
Introduction
What About The Ex-Offenders Rights?
Maryland
For Instance
Federal Law
Overall
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Other states have attempted to strike a balance between the employer concerns and the ex offenders rights to live a free and productive life once they have paid their debt to society. In some states, including New York employers are required by law to consider various elements such as age, time passed and the circumstances of the offense in deciding whether or not to hire an ex offender."
"In a recent research report the conclusion was that Maryland employers consistently deny employment across the board to anyone with any criminal background including arrests that did not garner convictions. The report recommends that Maryland legislators adopt laws that will prohibit such broad brushed discrimination."
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Exclusionary Rule, 2007.
Description of exclusionary laws in the US Constitution which forbid certain types of evidence to be presented in court.
3,329 words (approx. 13.3 pages), 21 sources, APA, £ 68.95
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Abstract
This paper explores the role of the exclusionary rule in the US legal system. The writer first defines exclusionary rules as a set of guidelines which dictate that evidence and or admissions of guilt obtained illegally will be excluded from being heard in criminal trials. Next, historical controversies involving this set of rules are discussed. Also examined is the manner in which law enforcement is affected by the exclusionary rule. The author also considers the need to seek a balance between collecting evidence yet protecting the individual's Constitutional rights. Finally, the author proposes changes for the exclusionary rule, which may include compensation when rights are violated.
Outline
Introduction
Controversy and History of the Exclusionary Rule
Law Enforcement Effects
Protecting Good Faith Exemptions
Is it Time for Change?
References
From the Paper
"The exclusionary law or laws, more appropriately, then go on to provide a set of rules that dictate that evidence and or admissions of guilt obtained illegally will be excluded from being heard in criminal trials. What this quite often amounts to is that criminals who are guilty can go free, if the evidence needed to convict them is tainted in some manner, having been acquired illegally, with certain exceptions, though many argue the exceptions and rules are unclear and are in constant need of redress by the courts. (Chun 2000:799) (Holland 2000:1107)"
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Criminal Psychopathology, 2007.
Describes the methods and uses of criminal psychopathology in locating perpetrators of crimes.
2,056 words (approx. 8.2 pages), 6 sources, APA, £ 45.95
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Abstract
This paper describes the elements and uses of criminal psychopathology in developing profiles to locate perpetrators of crimes. The author presents appropriate terminology and definitions throughout the paper. Two different types of criminals and their personality traits are examined. The paper further evaluates different methods of developing criminal profiles. The author concludes by calling for more research in this area, with special reference to the role of mental health professionals.
From the Paper
"The first approach in criminal profiling, diagnostic evaluation, adapts a psychotherapeutic theory on crime by the individual investigators (Muller 2000). This approach relies mainly on clinical judgment and the investigators' individual assumptions and assessment. The second approach, crime scene analysis, or CSA, was developed by the Behavioral Science Unit of the American Federal Bureau of Investigation or FBI. And the third, called investigative psychology, was evolved by British environmental psychologist, David Canter. The CSA is mostly applicable to serial murderers. Recently, the FBI broadly categorized offenders into disorganized and organized (Muller)."
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