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Internet Use to Solve Crimes, 2007.
An analysis of the many varied uses for the Internet, including how it is used today to help in crime solving.
1,151 words (approx. 4.6 pages), 8 sources, MLA, £ 28.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the vast array of uses of the Internet today, including using it to find general information, to access information, to correspond with people in distant places, to learn, to buy or sell, to obtain software, to make money or to share knowledge. The paper then discusses the use of the Internet by law enforcement and how it can assist in solving crimes, as well as for corrections, parole, and probation.
From the Paper
"Since its initial use as a research program for a specific networking area in the 70s, the internet has evolved into something else more and more versatile and miraculous a tool for virtually all the sectors. It has demonstrated and continues to demonstrate its peerless value in commercial activity as a marketing tool after 1991. It has also proven beneficial in practically all human activity, such as the need for information, long-distance correspondence, obtaining software, employment, travel and exchange of knowledge. It is behind the knowledge explosion in the world today and has facilitated human endeavor in many ways. One area where it has also proven its worth is in law enforcement where it has been enabled law enforcement agencies obtain information and conduct its duties in ways much easier and convenient than before. Since the 90s, internet applications have been quite useful in tasks such as crime mapping, corrections, parole and probation, and in dealing with major events, emergencies and the protection and prevention of crime in communities."
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Capital Punishment, 2002.
A discussion regarding the controversial issue of capital punishment.
1,692 words (approx. 6.8 pages), 10 sources, APA, £ 38.95
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Abstract
This paper reviews and discusses the hot topic of capital punishment. According to the paper, the death penalty is authorized by thirty-eight states, the Federal Government, and the U.S. Military. This paper explores mixed feelings exist regarding capital punishment and concludes that disagreements on appropriate levels of punishment are the real drivers for controversy.
Outline:
1.0 Introduction
2.0 Opposition to the Death Penalty
3.0 Why the Death Penalty Should Be Supported
4.0 Conclusion
From the Paper
"Even if capital punishment is unfairly applied, it should be fixed by making sure that rich and white prisoners get what they deserve, not by eliminating punishment for black and poor prisoners. Therefore, the best solution lies in making capital punishment mandatory for all capital cases. It could be argued that all laws are unfairly applied because of racial and economic biases. Certainly, no sane person would then argue that we should disband our entire legal system. The more reasonable approach is to make sure that laws are applied equally to all citizens."
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Intro to Law Enforcement, 2006.
A discussion regarding the requirements of entering a career in law enforcement.
849 words (approx. 3.4 pages), 3 sources, MLA, £ 21.95
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Abstract
This paper reviews and discusses law enforcement as a career. According to the paper, over thirty years ago, the President's Crime Commission made the universal recommendation that every officer hold at least a baccalaureate degree. This paper researches and demonstrates a substantial positive fall out from the recommendation and the subsequent adoption of rules by many local and regional police forces regarding the holding of such degrees as mandate to either entering the police force or achieving growth in a professional level of service.
From the Paper
"The assumptions of such an approach would be associated mainly with the individuals' reception to policing as a professional position that requires effort and education on the part of the potential individual officer. The growth of research on policing is a met assumption of the strategy of recommending and or requiring higher education for individual officers. The research has created a body of knowledge with regard to policing that is indispensable and will likely continue to do so. Developing a specialized education system for police officers and later commissioners and supervisory staff demonstrates the assumption that through such an education and a system the individual officer will be better prepared for the task and current on technology they may be utilizing to perform their jobs as officers and or detectives. As early as 1919 the development of creating a specialized sense of professionalism through education and on the job training is present and to a large degree the thoughts on the subject are that it has met its early assumptions and goals."
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Law Enforcement, 2007.
A discussion of the need for law enforcement to focus more on crime prevention than on crime control.
947 words (approx. 3.8 pages), 3 sources, MLA, £ 23.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the advantages of shifting the emphasis of law enforcement onto crime prevention rather than crime control. It describes situations where the public might call the police despite no crime having been committed. This might include calling the police for traffic control, for neighborhood disputes, as security consultants and for outreach in communities to help educate young people and the community about crime prevention. The paper also looks into vice crimes.
From the Paper
"Each type of prostitution comes with a differing set of difficulties for crime prevention and enforcement. The public would likely be more concerned about the nature of streetwalking as it is public evidence of vice crime, which does not meet the desires and or needs of everyone and intones a seedy side of the public arena, including the possibility of other street crime taking place in such locations. Public expectations, would then be great to stop such behavior and for the police to increase presence to do so. The streetwalker might be easier to find, as their work leaves them in a publicly vulnerable situation, call systems of prostitution are much harder to prevent and create effective enforcement around. The validity of street crime being increased by streetwalking is well documented, as when an individual seeks out such a service they are often delving into a situation where much more is readily available and other crime often proliferates such areas, while call girls (or boys) would have to be associated with other crime and make it available to a John through other means or vice versa."
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The Death Penalty, 2007.
This paper argues against the constitutionality of the death penalty in the United States.
2,505 words (approx. 10.0 pages), 4 sources, MLA, £ 54.95
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Abstract
The paper examines the history of the administration of the death penalty in the United States. The paper contends that it is fraught with racism and only in rare instances has anyone other than a poor person been executed. The paper also argues that there is no evidence that the death penalty deters crime, yet, support for the death penalty in the United States remains strong. The paper shows how, nevertheless, over the last few decades, Supreme Court rulings have consistently demonstrated a slow move toward abolition of the death penalty.
From the Paper
"Ironically, at the beginning of the nineteenth century, the new states that made up the American Republic were among the first jurisdictions in the world to limit the use of the death penalty and to substitute imprisonment for execution (Cottrol 2004). James Madison disapproved of the death penalty, and Thomas Jefferson and Benjamin Franklin favored limiting the death penalty to murder and treason, while the Quakers, who were very influential in the Middle Atlantic states, had a reticence concerning the death penalty (Cottrol 2004). In fact, after the Revolution, the Quakers were instrumental in strictly limiting the number of crimes punishable by death in Pennsylvania, thus only murder and treason survived as capital crimes (Cottrol 2004). The main exceptions were the slave states that kept a longer list of capital crimes for slaves and free Negroes, thereby demonstrating the lasting link between social inequality and the use of the death penalty (Cottrol 2004)."
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Positive Pay, 2007.
An examination of positive pay and its impact on check fraud issues.
2,546 words (approx. 10.2 pages), 6 sources, MLA, £ 55.95
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Abstract
The writer explores how a positive pay system can help reduce the incidence of check fraud for individual companies and corporations.
The paper examines shocking statistics of check fraud research and explains how positive pay works. The paper advocates the use of positive pay for a large corporation so they will detect counterfeit and unauthorized checks.
Outline:
Introduction
Some Facts
What is Check Fraud
Why Positive Pay is a Valid Option
Conclusion
From the Paper
"As the world of technology continues to increase, mankind has reached heights never before imagined. Today, with the click of a mouse one can plan and pay for vacations, manage stock portfolios, shop around the world and research any topic they are interested in. It has been a significant benefit to mankind, but with the positive aspects of technology also comes some negative aspects of its use."
"Check fraud losses are on the rise throughout America. In 1999 there was an estimated loss of $15 billion due to check fraud according to statistics compiled by the United States government(Statistics http://www.ipsboston.com/pdcfpps_statistics.htm). The losses were not confined to one or two financial institutions either. Reports indicate that 99 percent of all large banks experienced check fraud loss(Statistics http://www.ipsboston.com/pdcfpps_statistics.htm)."
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Experimental Psychology, 2007.
This paper discusses the Zimbardo prison study and its implications on experimental and global psychology.
1,981 words (approx. 7.9 pages), 6 sources, MLA, £ 44.95
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Abstract
The paper explains that the prison study created an abnormal environment in order to examine the reactions of regular people to this environment. The paper details the study and illustrates the humiliation and control techniques used. The paper shows how this abnormal psychology study helped researchers understand how humiliation and confinement affect the mind, how people cope with those situations and how power can corrupt people.
From the Paper
"The study began with newspaper ads recruiting college students to be prisoners for two weeks. Twenty-four applicants were finally were approved for the study. They were divided into two groups, guards and prisoners, totally randomly. The actual "prison" was constructed in the basement of the Stanford psychology building, and it contained cells and a "yard" (actually a corridor) where the prisoners could exercise once each day. The researchers consulted law enforcement officers, ex-convicts, and other experts to make the entire prison experience as realistic as possible. The prison cells looked remarkably realistic; it even contained a "hole" or solitary confinement cell for prisoners who misbehaved."
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DNA Profiling, 2007.
This paper discusses the advantages of DNA profiling and DNA databases.
918 words (approx. 3.7 pages), 6 sources, MLA, £ 23.95
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Abstract
The paper explains that a DNA profile refers to unique identifying characteristics of an individual. The paper relates that DNA profiling and the collation of databases that can be shared allow for a successful and effective way of combating crime. The paper offers a variety of other reasons why DNA profiling and the maintenance of DNA databases can be useful. The paper discusses how this technology is being constantly improved and there are indications that fast and more effective methods of profiling are being developed.
From the Paper
"The science of DNA profiling has many applications. The most common usage of this technology is to rapidly identify the criminal perpetrator in a crime. An article from the University of Utah states: "DNA profiling has helped to acquit or convict suspects in many of the most violent crimes, including rape and murder." (Can DNA Demand a Verdict?) DNA profiling can be equally effective in preventing an innocent person for being wrongly convicted of crimes."
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O.J. Simpson, 2007.
This paper looks at the O.J. Simpson law case that intrigued America.
986 words (approx. 3.9 pages), 5 sources, MLA, £ 25.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer examines the O.J. Simpson case in which Simpson was put on trial for the murder of his ex-wife. The writer provides a summary of the case and then discusses that today, 11 years after the case ended, the debate over Simpson's innocence or guilt continues. The writer notes that Simpson, a college football star, has moved on with his life. However, his reputation haunts him. The writer comments that, throughout the trial and even now, people around the world have conflicting and strong opinions about whether or not Simpson is guilty. The writer points out that some say he looked guilty and displayed behavior that is commonly associated with abusive husbands and privileged celebrities, however, others truly believe that he is an innocent victim of a racist system. The writer concludes that regardless of whether Simpson is guilty or innocent, he is a free man.
Outline:
Introduction
Summary
Guilty or Not?
Conclusion
From the Paper
"The prosecution seemed to have a strong case at first, as Simpson had a clear motive, an opportunity and no alibi. He had a history of physically abusing and harassing Nicole and had made violent threats against her. The prosecution proved that he had recently bought a knife similar in size and shape to what was believed to be the murder weapon. Finally, it was believed that Simpson dropped the bloody gloves, one at the crime scene and one at his home, and that he wore shoes the same size as those found at the crime scene."
"The defense case was not nearly as strong. There were no witnesses to the crime and no actual murder weapon could be found. However, the defense argued that Simpson was framed by police officers and found numerous flaws in the police evidence. They argued that Simpson was as a black victim of a white judicial system, on trial simply because he was a black man and the victim was a white woman."
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Psychology of Mind, 2007.
An analysis of the Jeremiah Ratzlaff murder case, using principles from the psychology of mind (POM) theory.
4,022 words (approx. 16.1 pages), 20 sources, MLA, £ 77.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the case of Jeremiah Ratzlaff, a 16-year old youth from Minnesota who was charged with murdering his father in 2006. The paper applies the psychology of mind (POM) theory, which proposes that all people have innate wellness and the potential for healthy functioning. It uses the theory to investigate the etiology of the offense, predictive factors and prevention strategies to prevent this type of crime in the future, as well as possible criminal justice responses to this offense.
Table of Contents:
Abstract
Etiology
Prediction and Prevention
Recommended Criminal Justice Responses
From the Paper
"In order for rehabilitation of Jeremiah to take place, POM theory would suggest that it is necessary for him to have a clear understanding that he is a continually thinking being that is constantly bombarded with maladaptive, learned thoughts that do not provide an accurate view of reality (Kelley, 2004). Once Jeremiah realizes that his faulty perceptions of reality are fleeting according to his mood states, he will gain perspective on his behavior and life in general (Kelley, 2004). Therefore, the key component to psychiatric rehabilitation would be the awareness and recognition on Jeremiah's behalf that there is an integral connection between thoughts and experiences, which would redirect attention away from perceived external factors of causation and maladaptive thoughts instead toward a healthy process of unconditioned, responsive thought and experience expressed from the inside-out (Kelley, 2004). Overall, the principles proposed by Psychology of Mind theory have the immense power to change perceptions of experiences and further contribute to optimal youth functioning."
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Drug-Related Crime, 2007.
This paper explains and examines the issue of drug-related crime.
1,450 words (approx. 5.8 pages), 7 sources, MLA, £ 34.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer explains that many people who have never been involved with or exposed to illicit drug use or distribution, probably glamorize the term drug-related crime to mean the movie like violence that occurs under the auspices of organized crime, such as that seen in popular organized crime television shows and movies. The writer points out that the reality is that drug-related crime is not the stuff of fables and is often associated with issues that are anything but glamorous and are very damaging on both a social and personal level. The writer discusses that one of the most crucial issues about drug-related crime, that has been on the forefront of the minds of those in hard hit areas is now finally being realized as federal officials begin to acknowledge that drugs are no longer a regional matter. The writer notes that whereas previously the federal government, as a matter of policy was not interested in focusing on one drug, but on the whole of the drug problem, it is now looking for ways to create change in the new face of the drug war.
From the Paper
"Drug incarcerations often include only the arrests and detentions that are directly associated with drug violations and do not take into consideration the many individuals who are arrested and incarcerated doing cursory work to obtain drugs, such as theft, identity crimes and those who are arrested committing violent acts against their domestic partners and or children in rages that are induced by drugs, or in some cases the physical lack there of. The reasons for victimization are many and include the crimes one commits to obtain the illicit substance but also the secondary association of the violent crimes often committed by those who are lacking the present ability to seek more drugs."
"The kinds of policy changes that might assist law enforcement and the community in its bid to reduce the effects of drug related crime on the community are many but in the following quote there are several far reaching policy changes that could help reduce the kinds of evasive crimes that are at the heart of the over-taxation of the communities where these crimes are committed, and they include a change in the way that alcohol as well as illicit drugs are dealt with in society."
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Disaster Evacuation Plans, 2007.
An outline of evacuation plans for various sorts of disasters.
1,062 words (approx. 4.2 pages), 3 sources, APA, £ 26.95
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Abstract
This paper highlights the necessity of a well-organized evacuation plan in the case of natural or other sorts of disasters. Mass evacuations and the different situations in which they are necessary are described. The author stresses the importance of proper information dissemination during evacuation and sheltering the evacuees. The paper concludes with warnings about looting during emergencies and the need for appropriate law enforcement.
Outline:
Introduction
Evacuation Procedures
Reference List
From the Paper
" Mass evacuation normally happens when a major threat to a certain community, building or anyplace were majority of the people therein are at risk. There are different types of mass evacuation namely pre-event evacuation, post-event evacuation, voluntary evacuation and mandatory evacuation. A pre-event evacuation occurs 'when the level of risk is uncertain while post-evacuation occurs if it has been assessed that the situation has been contained. On the other hand, voluntary evacuation happens when the people themselves choose to move out of their place, with or without instructions from the outsiders. A mandatory evacuation occurs when a lead agency imposes the people to leave the area (Mass Evacuation, 2006). "
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Crimes vs Civil Wrongs, 2006.
A comparison between civil wrongs or torts, and crime.
1,291 words (approx. 5.2 pages), 3 sources, MLA, £ 30.95
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Abstract
This paper takes a look at the issue of a civil wrong versus crime. According to the paper, a civil wrong is also referred to as a tort, which is covered by the tort law, a branch of civil law. The paper further reports that a crime is the violation of a public law and covered by criminal law.
From the Paper
"In the case of Bill and Joe, Bill's action fulfills all the four elements required to prove a criminal threat. If Bill became successful with his threat, he could have killed or severely injured Joe with the bat. His words conveyed his intent to kill Joe. The intent was clear and complete from his utterance. The threat was fatal. Second, Bill's utterance expressed a specific intent to kill Joe and that he meant Joe to receive it as such. Bill may or may not have been able to carry his threat out, but his intent was clear and complete from his very statement. Third, the context and circumstances in which Bill made the threatening statement also convey the same fatal intent. Bill had been giving Joe a hard time about the latter's tardiness for several days. Bill could have taken suspected that Joe intentionally retaliated when Joe accidentally hit him with a ball. And fourth, the verbalized threat was unmistakably clear, unconditional, immediate and specific. The words were precise and to the point. They sounded immediate, as Bill already held the bat in his hand and charged at Joe. The threat of death or grave bodily hard was specific upon Joe. Bill's clear words and the act of charging Joe and with the bat in hand also presented the factor of immediacy. The weapon was present and visible and accompanied the verbal threat. Bill need or need not demonstrate the immediate ability to carry out his threat. But the words he used were of an immediately threatening nature and conveyed the immediate performance of the fatal or serious threat. Bill's verbal threat and act of charging Joe with a bat were enough to evoke sustained fear in Joe. The conditions were enough to prove a criminal threat against Bill."
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Money Laundering, 2007.
An in-depth analysis of the war against money laundering.
3,310 words (approx. 13.2 pages), 11 sources, MLA, £ 67.95
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Abstract
The paper explains that money laundering is the process by which criminals attempt to conceal the proceeds from their illegal activities to make them appear legitimate. The paper provides a review of the relevant peer-reviewed and scholarly literature to identify what money laundering is, what controlling legislation exists and what types of investigatory processes are used to uncover it. The paper provides an analysis of how cases are built against money launderers and concludes that relevant laws are starting to have some effect.
Outline:
Review and Discussion
Conclusion
From the Paper
"The same forces that have been driving the globalization process have also made it easier for criminals to transfer enormous sums of money from one financial institution to another until it becomes "clean" in a process known as money laundering. Furthermore, an increasing number of observers are cautioning that terrorist organizations are using money laundering techniques to avoid international sanctions on their assets, and to help finance their nefarious plots against the United States and its interests abroad. Even if the proceeds of money laundering are not used by terrorists groups, the criminal elements involved are avoiding paying taxes on their ill-gotten gains in whatever jurisdictions are involved, and the practice appears to be on the increase in spite of numerous laws designed to combat the problem."
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