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Semantics, 2006.
A study of the use of semantics in the English language.
1,257 words (approx. 5.0 pages), 2 sources, MLA, £ 23.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses a variety of topics entailed within the study of semantics and explains how each idea contributes to the broad study of semantics. It also shows how the language has developed and how it continues to evolve.
From the Paper
"According to encyclopedia.com, semantics is the study of the relationship between words and their meanings. The empirical study of word meanings and sentence meanings in existing languages is a branch of linguistics; the abstract study of meaning in relation to language or symbolic logic systems is a branch of philosophy. Both of these branches of study make up what we call semantics. The field of semantics has three basic concerns: the relations of words to the objects denoted by them, the relations of words to the interpreters of them, and, in symbolic logic, the formal relations of signs to one another. ".
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Modifying Phrases, 2006.
A grammatical analysis of adjectives and adverbs.
1,381 words (approx. 5.5 pages), 2 sources, MLA, £ 25.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses how adjectives and adverbs are used to enhance the English language. There is a focus on narrative writing and how modifying clauses are used (and misused) in prose. It provides concise examples of each issue discussed and explores the implications put forth by each.
From the Paper
"One of the most interesting (and misused) areas in English grammar is that of modifying clauses. These groups of words create subtle changes in a piece of writing and lend a richness and depth that otherwise would not be apparent. There are two types of modifiers: adjectives and adverbs. These two areas create a myriad of opportunities for the alteration and enrichment of a piece of narration. Modifying phrases, unfortunately, lend themselves to misuse in many instances. The results of this misuse, often labeled "misplaced modifiers" can often be quite humorous when read in context."
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Computational Linguistics, 2005.
This paper analyzes the field of computational linguistics, focusing on the processes of speech recognition and speech synthesis.
885 words (approx. 3.5 pages), 3 sources, MLA, £ 17.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that computational linguistics, an interdisciplinary field of study, is the intersection between linguistics and computer science, which actually began in the 1950s, predating artificial intelligence's beginnings in the 1960s. The author points out that speech synthesis and speech recognition are opposites of each other because speech synthesis is the process of turning text or data into speech; whereas, speech recognition is the process of taking spoken language and converting it into text. The paper stresses that the task of making a computer understand spoken language is definitely not an easy one nor will it mastered in the near future.
From the Paper
"Speech analysis is done in four basic steps: text analysis, phonetic transcription, prosodic analysis, and waveform generation. Text analysis consists of identifying sentence boundaries, proper names, abbreviations, acronyms, the accepted spelling of words, and other syntactic and semantic features. Next, for phonetic transcription, pronunciation must be found for every word, including exceptions to general rules (have and four don't rhyme with rave and sour) and heteronyms (words that are spelled the same but pronounced differently, like the verb 'to record' and the noun record)."
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Analysis of the Speech Acts, 2004.
This paper offers a discussion of the acts of speech.
1,582 words (approx. 6.3 pages), 5 sources, MLA, £ 30.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer studies the act of speech. A summary of some key terms within the study of verbal conversation is presented. The writer explores the speech acts and Grice's model of maxims. In this paper, the writer discusses ideal communication and failures of communication. Further, the writer shows how messages are received.
From the Paper
"Speech allows human beings to accomplish various tasks they feel are necessary to their survival, happiness and self-actualization. Verbal speech acts are usually conducted for communicative purposes and into this category of speech acts falls the construct of verbal conversation. Ideal sustained communicative events in this case, verbal conversations require two or more participants to repeatedly alternate their roles between speaker and listener. The failure of communication is most fundamentally caused by a failure of one of the parties to accept the alternate listening role ... "
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Lacan's Language Theory, 2004.
This paper explains the importance of language in Lacan's post structuralist theory.
1,800 words (approx. 7.2 pages), 6 sources, MLA, £ 35.95
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Abstract
The paper explores the importance of language in the post structuralist theory of Lacan. The paper explains Lacan's approach to linguistic constructs and behavior and also includes his view of the self and of human development. The paper incorporates the importance of signifying.
From the Paper
"What must be understood above all about Lacan's approach to languages is that it is conceived of as both a symbol or sign of human experience and as a mediating mechanism whereby human beings may indicate other symbols and construct signs that constitute social intercourse of any kind."
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Should English Be the Law?, 2004.
This paper discusses whether English should be the law in the U.S.
900 words (approx. 3.6 pages), 2 sources, MLA, £ 17.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses whether English should be the law in the U.S. The paper concludes that English should be recognized as the official and legal language of the United States. The paper also includes policy issues.
From the Paper
"Should English Be the Law? America prides itself on being a melting pot, a nation largely composed of immigrants who regardless of how long they or their family may have been in the United States came to this country from some place else."
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Gender and Language Learning, 2004.
An account of gender differences and the effect on learning a second language.
1,350 words (approx. 5.4 pages), 9 sources, MLA, £ 26.95
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Abstract
This paper presents an account of gender differences and the effect on students and teachers learning a second language. It looks at recent instructional dynamics and focuses on the Mexican American community.
From the Paper
"The purpose of this research is to examine gender differences and the effect on second-language learning and teaching. The plan of the research will be to set forth the context in which gender second-language acquisition and instructional dynamics have gained currency in recent years and then discuss ways in which the interplay of these three elements are operationalized in the classroom ..."
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Diminutives in Romance Languages, 2004.
A paper on the uses of diminutives in Romance languages, and the effects of missing diminutives on the English language.
1,125 words (approx. 4.5 pages), 3 sources, MLA, £ 21.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that speakers of a language such as English in which the grammatical diminutive plays an insignificant part, the fact that other languages use the diminutive so frequently can seem rather quaint. The paper goes on to say that the diminutive is a highly useful grammatical structure, one that speakers of languages without a diminutive have to compensate for in various often less than elegant ways. This paper examines the grammatical diminutive in the Romance languages.
From the Paper
"For speakers of a language such as English in which the grammatical diminutive plays an insignificant part, the fact that other languages use the diminutive so frequently can seem rather quaint. But the diminutive is, in fact, a highly useful grammatical structure, one that speakers of languages without a diminutive or with an anemic diminutive, as is the case in English, have to compensate for in various (often less than elegant) ways. This paper examines the grammatical diminutive in the Romance languages. We should begin by defining the grammatical..."
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The Evolution of the Word, "Surf", 2005.
A look at how the word, "surf", has come to mean using the Internet.
1,125 words (approx. 4.5 pages), 4 sources, MLA, £ 21.95
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Abstract
This paper considers the origin and current use of the word "surf" to describe using the Internet. The paper details the evolution of the word from a water sport to a high tech activity.
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Gender and Language, 2004.
A look at how language tends to reinforce the unequal status and roles of men and women.
4,275 words (approx. 17.1 pages), 22 sources, APA, £ 84.95
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Abstract
This paper presents an account of the cultural foundations of linguistics. More specifically, the paper examines how unequal social roles of males and females are both sanctioned and reinforced by the language. The paper also looks at prevailing modes of usage and change.
From the Paper
"The individual experience of culture is so much a part of basic consciousness that it may seem beyond analysis in general, let alone linguistic analysis in particular. Yet, there is compelling evidence that language usage is a product of cultural assumptions and norms and that linguistic practice reinforces traditionally engendered social roles as well as relative power relationships that constitute the content of culture. By reference to linguistic and social theory and analysis, including the discourse of the modern feminist social critique, this research examines ways in which unequal..."
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Sindhi Language, 2004.
This paper is a phonological view of Sindhi, a language of India
3,600 words (approx. 14.4 pages), 13 sources, APA, £ 70.95
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Abstract
This paper presents a historical overview of the Sindhi language. The author discusses code-switching, borrowing and other issues related to Sindhi language.
From the Paper
"The Sindhi a people named after the Indus Sindhu in Arabic River are said to be one of the oldest groups in the Indian subcontinent. They inhabit both sides of the Indus River, which divided India and Pakistan. Until Pakistan became an independent Muslim country in the Hindu and Muslim Sindhi lived together in the same region. As a result of the partition of India and Pakistan, a majority of the Hindu Sindhi migrated to metropolitan areas of India whereas the ..."
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The English Language, 2003.
This paper discusses ambiguity in the English language.
3,220 words (approx. 12.9 pages), 9 sources, £ 61.95
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Abstract
This paper explains good and bad uses to which ambiguity in the English language are put. The author argues that there is a linkage between language ambiguity and ethics. The paper presents examples of linguistic ambiguity.
From the Paper
"Ambiguity as a linguistic and rhetorical strategy can take a variety of forms as Empson shows in "Seven Types of Ambiguity". It is important to recognize that Empson's study does not necessarily exhaust the subject of linguistic ambiguity when he identifies seven ..."
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English, 2005.
An in depth discussion on English linguistics.
1,840 words (approx. 7.4 pages), 3 sources, MLA, £ 35.95
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Abstract
This paper answers a number of questions from a linguistics text. It offers examples of different linguistic functions such as careful and rapid speech, English plurals and minimal pairs in English. It also discusses sentence constituents, antonyms and synonyms, polysemy and homonymy. The author explores semantic relations, metaphorical relations and thematic roles in the English language.
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Words and Language, 2005.
An analysis on the impetus of words.
690 words (approx. 2.8 pages), 3 sources, MLA, £ 12.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses how the meanings of words change due to cultural and historical beliefs. It also addresses the way words like "nigger" and "fag" have the power to oppress when used by dominant cultures against subcultures, but how they can also be empowering when appropriated by the subcultures they are used against.
From the Paper
"Changes in the meaning of words often empower or oppress others. We might look to Naylor's depiction of the word nigger to see how words can serve to empower or impress. Racial slurs are often used to wound or shame ..."
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