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"In the Time of the Butterflies", 2007.
This paper discusses the role of Catholicism in Julia Alvarez' "In the Time of the Butterflies."
1,259 words (approx. 5.0 pages), 3 sources, MLA, £ 30.95
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Abstract
The paper relates that Julia Alvarez' novel "In the Time of the Butterflies" is based on the real story of the four Mirabal sisters, who take an active part in the Fourteenth of June Movement against the dictatorship of Rafael Trujillo in the Dominican Republic. The paper discusses how Catholicism is a very important element in the novel and demonstrates how religion shapes the very culture and identity of the Dominican nation.
From the Paper
"The main functions of the church in human life are those of kerygma or witness, litourgia or worship and diakonia or service. All of these three functions indicate the roles that the Catholic Church should play in the life of man, namely to witness the religion of Jesus Christ and to perpetuate it, to worship God as the sole divinity and to do service to men, that is to protect and support them at any time. In Alvarez' novel, the Church fails at the beginning in its main functions, as it becomes involved in the political game of power. When the Catholic Church backs the regime of Trujillo, it forgets the essential duties to God and man: it no longer acts as a witness to God when it comes to obey a single man, the dictator."
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Feminist Psychology, 2007.
This paper critically examines the feminist approach to counseling.
2,861 words (approx. 11.4 pages), 16 sources, MLA, £ 60.95
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Abstract
The paper examines the shortcomings and limitations of the feminist approach to counseling. The paper discusses how this approach initially overlooked women of color and how feminist therapy has responded with recent modifications of being more inclusive. The paper concludes that feminist psychology in favor of inclusion should act as a guide for the future attempt to bring non-feminist psychology and feminist psychology in line with the cultural diversity that exists in our increasingly global environment.
From the Paper
"Addressing the need for change, one of the pioneers of feminist psychology expressed the innate problem of the patriarchal system that was in place prior to the demands of women to enter the system and help elicit change. The concerns of this pioneer, Naomi Weisstein were that the attempt to redress and develop ideas about women's ability and value, as it applies to their human strengths and limitations, is built entirely on the foundation of masculine ideas about the strengths and weaknesses of women, as well as a sense of surety that is almost nauseating from a feminist perspective on many levels."
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Two Women's Dreams, 2007.
This paper compares and contrasts the female characters in "The House on Mango Street" by Cisneros Sandra and "The Whale Rider" by Witi Ihimaera.
1,284 words (approx. 5.1 pages), 2 sources, MLA, £ 30.95
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Abstract
The paper discusses how women throughout history have been denied their rightful place in society on the basis of their gender. The paper illustrates this through the characters of Esperanza in "The House on Mango Street" and Pai in "The Whale Rider." The paper portrays how both characters have a common dream: to be recognized for their inner strength and individual worth. The paper shows how they both succeed in achieving their dreams but through different paths and disparate ideals.
From the Paper
"Whale Rider was released in 2002 in a cinematic version of the novel by the same name. The novel received greater recognition when the film garnered rave reviews. It is a story set in Maori tradition and revolves around two central characters Pai and Koro. Pai is a young girl who wants to prove to her grandfather that she can lead a tribe. Koro, is the stern grandfather, who refuses to believe that a woman can act as the chief. In a rare show of power struggle between Koro and Pai, the girl finally manages to prove her worth with the help of spirits of whales around."
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Reformation, 2007.
This paper discusses changes brought about by the Reformation relating to the family environment.
976 words (approx. 3.9 pages), 3 sources, MLA, £ 24.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer notes that for every segment of the universal history, in order to have a proper image of the realities of the time, it is important to take into account all major aspects of the social order. From this perspective, the writer then points out that the family framework is representative for painting a relevant illustration of the era. The revolution in human thought must be seen from a historical perspective and background. The writer discusses that the Reformation brought along a series of changes that would prove to affect the future evolution of the family environment. The writer concludes that overall, it can be said that the Reformation had indeed an important influence upon the family environment of the Renaissance period.
From the Paper
"In the late middle Ages, at the beginning of the Renaissance, questions about the real value of the human being became again the centerpiece of philosophical thought. Scholars such as Pico Della Mirandola advocated the supremacy of man as the representative of God and the only receiver of Its Word. Accordingly, the woman was identified with sexuality and sin. Therefore, everything that was somewhat related to the woman as procreator, with family and children was treated with utter disregard and cruelty. In this context, the Reformation of the church was an important step in modifying the status of family member, both women and children."
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The Birth Experience, 2007.
This paper examines the influence of social, cultural and healthcare systems on the childbirth experience.
1,443 words (approx. 5.8 pages), 7 sources, MLA, £ 33.95
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Abstract
The paper relates that the birth experience has an impact on parental attachment to the infant, which can affect the quality of parenting for the child. The paper examines the factors that facilitate stronger attachment of the fathers to their infants. The paper presents an interview with a subject (referred to as BM) that reflects a more traditional view of the childbirth experience. The paper highlights how those responsible for a patient's care must be sensitive to all of their needs and must recognize the important role of fathers.
Outline:
Fathers and Pregnancy
Cultural Differences in Reactions to the Childbirth Experience
Case Analysis
From the Paper
"Cultural constraints of the past considered having children to be solely the role of the woman. However, recently these social roles have changed and fathers are now expected to be concerned over their pregnant spouse and to take a more active role in the birth experience. Despite these findings, fathers still report that they feel a lack of emotional involvement in the childbirth experience (Williams and Umberson, 1999). Evidence supports the suggestion that greater levels of involvement by fathers results in lower levels of stress. This helps both parents make the transition to parenthood (Williams and Umberson, 1999)."
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Fannie Lou Hamer, 2007.
This paper discusses the life and achievements of Fannie Lou Hamer.
2,404 words (approx. 9.6 pages), 7 sources, MLA, £ 52.95
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Abstract
The paper looks at Fannie Lou Hamer, civil rights speaker and political activist who was a grass roots leader of the southern Civil Rights movement. The paper provides a biographical sketch about Hamer and explains that the differences between her and other prominent civil rights activists are based on the fact that Hamer was an ordinary person. The paper describes the violence, coercion and many trials Hamer faced as a poor, dark black woman with little education.
From the Paper
"One of the most striking figures associated with the civil rights movement is a black woman from rural Mississippi that left a lasting impression in the minds of the nation. This woman was an outspoken and vital asset to civil rights for blacks in the south and especially with regard to the right to vote and the right to representation. Fannie Lou Hamer, civil rights speaker and political activist was a grass roots leader of the southern civil rights movement, beginning her career as an activist by making a bold attempt to register to vote in a region of the United States where countless legal and social obstacles were placed in front of her, as she was black and she was a woman."
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Effects of Advertising on Body Image, 2007.
An analysis of the effects of advertising on body perception, self-esteem and purchase decisions.
6,231 words (approx. 24.9 pages), 35 sources, MLA, £ 103.95
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Abstract
This study uses a social comparison theory as the primary basis for its exploration of body perception in advertising, affects of advertising on self-esteem, and purchase decisions. It explores the theoretical basis of the negative effect and how exposure to highly attractive models (HAMs) affects the intention to buy a beauty product in women with a low opinion of their own body image.
Table of Contents:
Introduction
Background of Study
Research Problem
Objectives Of The Study
Research Questions
Significance Of The Study
Theoretical Background
Hypotheses
Conceptual Framework for Methodology
Conclusion
From the Paper
"It is important to note that social and clinical research studies over the years have given definite conclusions that show the relation to and affect of media exposure and its representation of the thin body-image as ideal in relation to a negative affect on the women's self-image and lead to body dissatisfaction (Groesz, Levine, & Murnen, 2002). The conclusions and results show that the most common effects of this "thin" ideal body-image is to do with self-image and body unhappiness (e.g., Harrison & Cantor, 1997; Heinberg, Thompson, & Stormer, 1995). Other research into the concept of thin as ideal has demonstrated inconsistent, minimal or no association whatsoever between the two phenomenon (e.g., Champion & Furnham, 1999; e.g., Cash, Cash, & Butters, 1983; Irving, 1990)!"
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Radical Women, 2007.
This paper looks at women as they appear in 'Radicals of the Worst Sort' by Ardis Cameron and 'City of Women' by Christine Stansell.
1,624 words (approx. 6.5 pages), 3 sources, MLA, £ 37.95
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Abstract
In this paper, the writer notes that most literature, especially short stories and novels by women who lived during the Victorian era, depicted that era in the basest of terms. With this normal background about women kept in mind, the writer points out that it is interesting to read the two books, 'Radicals of the Worst Sort' and 'City of Women', which show a very different side of these Victorian-era women. The writer discusses that apparently, according to these two books, there were a number of women who led the way for a much more liberated female. The writer concludes that according to Stansell and Cameron, the women who strived for recognition and equality in the late 1800s and early 1900s must also be appreciated today for changing history.
From the Paper
"In her preface to City of Women, Stensell explains that her book entailed the misfortunes that women laborers suffered in New York City. She argues that working-class women introduced a separate way of life based on their particular role in society and at the mercy of bourgeoisie norms and values. In order to survive on their own, they found another way, albeit nontraditional, to make a living. This was the establishment of the first large population of female workers in the United States, which had an impact not only on them but the society as a whole that would continue into the rest of the 20the century for all women."
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Woolfe and Freud, 2007.
A comparison of Virginia Woolfe and Sigmund Freud's views on women.
1,541 words (approx. 6.2 pages), 4 sources, MLA, £ 35.95
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Abstract
This paper describes and discusses the teachings of Sigmund Freud and Virginia Woolfe. The paper then compares Freud and Woolfe's views about women. The paper argues that Woolfe's views on women are much more realistic than Freud's are. The paper cites examples to support its argument and describes the writer's reaction to the theories.
From the Paper
"Freud's theory of the "oedipal conflict" does nothing to reduce the tension between men and women. In fact, as an explanation, it sustains the tension and conflict between the sexes because it makes it unavoidable. According to Freud, we are human beings who must go through certain stages of development. All children must fall in love with their mothers and want to kill their fathers and must work through their feelings of guilt, anger, and envy. Virginia Woolfe, on the other hand, points out the inequality that women are subjected to in "a man's world," and the unfairness of society in keeping women from realizing their highest potentials. Society can do something about these things. Opportunities can be made for women to get education and to do great things. Woolfe offers hope. Freud does not. For women, then, what Woolfe has to say is more relevant."
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Women's Image in Advertisements, 2007.
This paper is an analysis of the portrayal of women's image in magazine advertisements in the United Arab Emirates (UAE), as based on a content analysis of the literature and on a convenience sample survey of 50 female students.
17,435 words (approx. 69.7 pages), 34 sources, APA, £ 178.95
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Abstract
This paper states that the the main purpose of this study is to determine the characteristics of women's image in advertisements' contents as depicted in the most widely circulated Arab women magazines in the United Arab Emirates (UAE) and to identify the effect of such contents in formulating the societal image of women. The study also examines how women feel about the presented image of women in advertising. The author points out that, in the UAE, women not only are gaining ground in workforce participation but also are filling positions once held primarily by men; however, this is not always reflected in ads. The paper indicates that the majority of female students felt that the relationship between the woman's image in published advertisements and society's view towards her is a highly positive one. The paper includes the data generated by the survey and several figures, tables and quotations.
Table of Contents:
Introduction
Introduction
Need for the Study
Purpose of the Study
Research Questions
Procedures
Research Hypotheses
Review of Literature
Background and Overview
United Arab Emirates Today
The Impact of Advertisement
The Importance of the Visual Image in Advertisements
The Women's Image in the Visual Advertisements
Depiction of Women in Magazine Advertisements
Methodology
Sample
Instrumentation
Data Collection Procedures
Results
Data Analysis
Discussion and Conclusion
Discussion of Results
Recommendations
Questionnaire
From the Paper
"Arab information media have by and large been established on a weak economic base throughout the Middle East. For example, Arab newspapers were introduced when national incomes and populations were small, and the literacy rates were low; as a result, both advertising revenues and mass-circulation sales (the two primary sources of commercial newspaper income elsewhere), were restricted. Even after World War II, as the Arab economies enjoyed a new level of prosperity, advertising remained sufficiently insignificant to most Arab businessmen, and did not appear to represent a viable avenue of revenue-generation in the modest-circulation press, to enable newspaper publishers to generate many advertisements in the first place."
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Migration, 2007.
This paper discusses migration in the global market focusing on women's part in this issue.
2,905 words (approx. 11.6 pages), 29 sources, MLA, £ 61.95
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Abstract
In this paper, the writer maintains that the change in the outlook, approach, tactics and demand of the global market has put more pressure on businessmen and businesswomen to migrate internationally and take full advantage of the opportunities that are being presented due to the modified global market system. The writer discusses employment in the global marketplace, concentrating on women's place in this issue. The writer concludes that it is no new thing that women are very much a part of the developing world and play their part in its growth with skillful input in the job opportunities that they avail, yet the majority of the proportion of working women still occupy the lower managerial jobs and services pertaining to their racial, academic, ethnicity, religious conviction, communicative and English speaking skills leading to varied working conditions, paying scales and social-economic standards.
Outline:
Introduction
Women in the global workforce
Migrant women and global workforce
Conclusion
From the Paper
"This change in the outlook, approach, tactics and demand of the global market has put more pressure on the businessmen and businesswomen to migrate internationally and take full advantage of the opportunities that are being presented due to the modified global market system. Mostly, the hiring and promotional techniques of all global market employees is assessed on the division that their home towns and choice of migrated towns have when it comes to gender employment. The rising pattern that can be seen in the global migration is the move of many determined and independent women into the cutthroat world of global trade which, according to a report done by ILO in 2003, has led to the hiring and placement of women in highly susceptible positions. This particular concept is named the 'feminization' of migration and because of this 'feminization', and the jobs being provided to the women, the concept of the 'feminization of poverty' is emerging with a steady and healthy rise in the social-economic status of the women."
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Women in Contemporary Africa, 2007.
This paper argues the necessity of subverting and reformulating the so-called traditional images of women in contemporary Africa.
1,885 words (approx. 7.5 pages), 4 sources, APA, £ 43.95
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Abstract
This paper underscores that the idea that women must be inferior to men, which today permeates every level of African society, is not necessarily African traditional patriarchal values but rather a recent social construction of the instability of present-day African society. The author points out that, in the past, women had a clear, powerful social place not dominated by the males because the fundamental unit of African society was the family. The paper stresses that Africa must return to a truly equitable family structure, where both parents retain authority and responsibility for raising children. The author lists that this can be achieved by (1) women not marrying when they are still children themselves, (2) greater education and access to birth control and methods of family planning , (3) fostering African women's powerful networks and (4) changing Africa culturally and politically.
From the Paper
"Many African countries are still ruled by informal patriarchal norms governing women's place in sexual relationships. In some societies, women are unable to choose their sexual partners or husbands, rather these choices are made for them by their families. In the case of rape, female bodies are used as a tool of political insurgency, as demonstrations of the opposition's strength and will. In situations where men have the predominant social, political, and economic power, a woman is unlikely to be able to insist on the use of condoms, or to take measures to protect herself from HIV."
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Bone Mass Density, 2006.
A discussion regarding osteoporosis, bone mass density and bone mineral density (BMD) or content (BMC).
1,643 words (approx. 6.6 pages), 9 sources, MLA, £ 38.95
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Abstract
This paper reviews and discusses osteoporosis, a disease characterized by low bone mass and microarchitectural deterioration of bone tissue that most often results in enhanced bone fragility and a consequent increase in fracture risk. The paper further discusses the positive impact of exercise on women suffering from osteoporosis.
From the Paper
"Ernst's (1998) review of 21 controlled studies on the subject of osteoporosis and exercise concludes that. "Collectively, however, these studies leave little doubt that regular exercise can delay or halt bone loss in women." Specifically, he reports that exercises not involving any loading are not effective, or considerably less effective, than weight-bearing exercises. The optimal exercise regimen should thus avoid further bone loss and reduce injury risks. Weight-bearing exercises, as weight-lifting, jumping and running, appear best suited for improving bone mass. However, they can carry a risk of injury: patients experienced a higher than average incidence of vertebral fractures if they executed exercises with their spines flexed."
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Ancient Greek Attitudes, 2007.
This paper explores the status of women, children and slavery in the ancient Greek world.
1,316 words (approx. 5.3 pages), 4 sources, MLA, £ 31.95
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Abstract
The paper discusses the ancient Greeks' attitudes and customs regarding the status of women, children, wealth, education and human slavery. The paper shows how these attitudes were passed down through the generations, into the days of the Roman Empire. The paper relates that Greek attitudes toward women and slavery are still relevant today, as women are still exploited in many ways, particularly in Asia and Africa.
From the Paper
"In ancient Greece, the structure of society as it existed in the city-state or polis was divided into separate layers. At the top resided the royal family and the circle of the king's friends. Next came the social elites or those who owned vast amounts of private property and played major roles in Greek government, much like today's corporate CEO's and members of the U.S. Congress. Next in line were the leaders of the minority urban populations and the traditional lords and princes that had settled in Greece long before the city of Athens became a major center of political power. At the bottom layer were the common masses, such as free merchants, craftsmen, artists and laborers. However, on the outside of this hierarchy lived the slaves who were considered as social pariahs or undesirables by those above them."
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