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The Character of Daisy Miller, 2007.
An analysis of the expectations of women, as seen in Henry James' "Daisy Miller".
2,149 words (approx. 8.6 pages), 2 sources, MLA, £ 48.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the character of Daisy Miller as found in "Daisy Miller", written by Henry James. The paper describes the times in which the book was set and the expectations of women in those times. The paper then discusses how Daisy Miller does not conform to the typical role of women of that era. It also shows how some of the other characters react to her.
From the Paper
"It is evident that the character of Daisy was constantly misunderstood by the society of Europe in the late 1800s. The character was considered a disgrace to her gender and socially inferior because of elements in her character that could not be tolerated by the social elite. While it could be contended that Daisy Miller was attempting to rebel against the European upper class, or that she was irresponsible to her social position, Daisy Miller was simply being true to her American beliefs about gender. Women's Suffrage and the progress of women outside of the home framed Daisy's viewpoints on her existence. Once in Europe these notions began to shape her relationship with others, both of European and American backgrounds. As the Europeans were insisting that Daisy understand the European customs in relation to propriety, the same people were negligent in comprehending Daisy's American heritage. However, the misconceptions that occurred throughout the story demonstrated how assumptions only serve to create a wider gap of communication between all people. James shows his readers that the practice of guilt by means of assumption occurs in reality, as well as in fiction."
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Societal Pressures and "The House of Mirth", 2007.
An analysis of the societal pressure on women in Edith Wharton's novel, "The House of Mirth".
1,238 words (approx. 5.0 pages), 1 source, MLA, £ 30.95
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Abstract
This paper examines the societal pressures that are presented and discussed in Edith Wharton's novel, "The House of Mirth". It explains the role of the main character, Lily Bart and how she had the responsibility of learning to function as a member of her class. It also points out that Edith Wharton was able to turn away from the strictures of her youth as she grew older but the character of Lily Bart could not. The paper compares Lily's choices to the choices of the modern woman.
Table of Contents:
Social Pressures
Pressure to Marry
Modern Women's Choices
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Lily Bart was a product of her times. She was raised in a family with good social connections, but with little money. When left on her own, Lily had no way to support herself. She became not only a product of her times, but also a victim of them, as she tried to find her way to getting a husband. Her failure to do so, as well as her death, were both the result of her primary failure in making the correct decisions. Neither of these failures were truly her fault; society had not taught her how to weigh the options that were open to her to make the correct decisions."
"Today, Lily Bart would have more options open to her. She would have access to social services programs. She would also have the ability to work and to think for herself. Living when she did, however, it was almost inevitable that Lily Bart would die as she did: alone, poor, and with hope being only an elusive dream."
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Emotion and Morality, 2007.
This paper explores Immanuel Kant and David Hume's ideas on morality and emotions.
939 words (approx. 3.8 pages), 3 sources, MLA, £ 23.95
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Abstract
The paper discusses Kant's belief that fulfilling responsibilities could only be a rational choice, as opposed to an emotional choice. The paper looks at Hume who, on the contrary, believed that moral judgments were related to sentiments. The paper explains how Kant and Hume apply their theories to women. The paper concludes that Hume's theory of morality would appear to be the most applicable to human beings of the 21st century.
From the Paper
"Immanuel Kant devised the categorical imperative in relation to morality. In the categorical imperative moral decisions were "objective, rational and freely chosen" (Cash sec. 1). Morality, according to Kant, could not be determined by the emotions of a human being. This is because morals require the decision making to be associated with the duties that each person is required to fulfill. Kant argued that fulfilling responsibilities could only be a rational choice because emotions would lead the person to consider only what he wanted, rather than what needed to be done. Consequently the individual had to accomplish moral actions based on principles, which could not be related to emotions because emotions were subjective, while principles were factual (Cash sec. 1)."
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Women and Sport, 2007.
The writer provides a personal reflection on femininity and sports.
773 words (approx. 3.1 pages), 0 sources, £ 19.95
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Abstract
In this paper, the writer offers reasons why she is a good candidate for a kinesiology course. She begins by describing the reasons behind her involvement in physical activity, health and athletics. She then details her personal experiences with ostracism and marginalized female athletes and explains how all of these experiences make her a good candiate for the course. The writer also discusses how her experiences have taught her that there may very well be merit to the argument that "male" and "female" is socially constructed - as are our respective attitudes and behavioral patterns.
From the Paper
"There are a number of reasons why I became interested in issues pertaining to women, sports (specifically female sports), physical activity (chiefly as it pertains to women) and to human health in general. To begin with, I have long been interested in the issue of masculinity versus femininity and how our society constructs both. A number of years ago, when I was still in grade school, I was stabbed by an individual after a game of "touch" football grew out of hand. Making an already frightening situation worse, the individual was joined in the attack by two of his friends, who proceeded to beat me with such venom I truly though my life was in danger."
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Theory, Our Daily Lives and Communication, 2007.
This paper discusses how theories are valuable tools which enable us to learn more about ourselves and why communication dissonances occur.
1,834 words (approx. 7.3 pages), 4 sources, MLA, £ 41.95
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Abstract
The paper explains why theory is important and then formulates three universal laws derived from common communication theories. The paper discusses how people will communicate most often with those whom they share basic values, that the things which mean the most to us and which comprise the most intimate aspects of our self-conception are often the things which we reveal last and that men and women truly are different and that allowances must be made for this fact. The paper shows how if these universal laws are followed, many characteristics of human interaction will become more understandable.
From the Paper
"The first "truth" which will be put forward by this writer is the universal law that human beings communicate predominantly with those whose values and beliefs coincide with their own. Not to be overlooked, the "flip-side" of this theory is that people will act evasively or communicate in almost defensive manner when compelled to interact with those with whom they disagree. This law is derived from the concept of "selective exposure" which is a sub-component of the broad theory of cognitive dissonance (both items will be discussed in greater detail shortly). Moving right along, the second universal law put forward by this writer is that the manner by which people communicate will become more defensive the closer any conversation or exchange comes to their most deeply-held fantasies or fears. Simply stated, this law is derived from the "onion" metaphor colorfully described by Altman and Taylor and it is part of the sometimes under-appreciated Social Penetration theory that offers a fascinating glimpse into how human beings reveal aspects of themselves. Finally, the last universal law is that men and women really do communicate differently and process information differently - and this explains why so many relationships fall apart despite the best efforts. This insight is gleaned from the Genderlect theory of communication advanced by Deborah Tannen and it goes a very long way towards explaining why so much tension between men and women exists in contemporary western society."
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The Rational Choice Theory, 2007.
This paper examines the feminist perspective of the rational choice theory as an explanation for female crime.
812 words (approx. 3.2 pages), 3 sources, MLA, £ 20.95
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Abstract
The paper provides a brief definition of the rational choice theory and argues that the theory, while plausible, is far too laden with masculine, patriarchal assumptions to be an effective explanation for female crime. The paper shows how females have been constrained historically by patriarchal forces and concludes that this is sufficient proof that the theory functions better as an explanation for male criminal behavior than for female criminal behavior.
From the Paper
"Simply put, rational choice theory holds that criminals are rational or "purposive" actors who calculate the relative benefits and costs of committing an act and make a decision which they believe will maximize the utility of their (criminal) actions. According to at least one online source, rational choice theory also posits that the alternatives available to any actor or group of actors is necessarily constrained by the environment and by the institutions within which they make their decisions. In the end, it appears as though rational choice theory posits that criminals select certain victims and/or certain types of crime because they feel the reward is sufficient to justify the risk or the risk is low enough that the "lure" of the reward becomes over-mastering (O'Connor 2005)."
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Adaptation in Obstetrics, 2007.
An in-depth look at the implications of adaptation in maternal care.
2,498 words (approx. 10.0 pages), 6 sources, MLA, £ 53.95
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Abstract
The paper explores the different facets of adaptation from the perspective of the expectant mother, environment and the nurse. The paper provides a detailed definition of adaptation and explains that adaptation eventually results in the net improvement of the maternal health of women and their ability to adjust more readily to the challenges of pregnancy. The paper provides case studies that illustrate the role of adaptation in overall maternal health.
Outline:
Concept Overview
Definition
Antecedents
Defining characteristics
Consequences
Contrary Case
Related Case
Borderline Case
Social Context
Underlying Anxiety
Practical Results
Results in Language
From the Paper
"Adaptation can be thought of generally as a transition from a previous state to a more suitable state. It often means dealing with a loss of many liberties along with the security of these liberties as well while simultaneously taking up new and unfamiliar responsibilities. In health care, it is a complex concept which can encompass many elements: the health care provider, the hospital or patient environment, the patient's circle of family and friends or most especially, the patient in any number of combinations. This is an important concept to analyze because of the implications in maternal care. This is often a time for life-changing, permanent adjustments in lifestyle, career and personal goals, relationships with one's partner, immediate family and household members (Williams, 1995). By delving into what the concept of adaptation encompasses, this paper endeavors to enable maternal patients and their families to faster embrace the inevitable role of either becoming a parent, transition from being a daughter to a mother, or from parent to grandparent."
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Sexual Harassment Policies, 2007.
This paper discusses sexual harassment policies in Canada and evaluates strategies of change.
1,900 words (approx. 7.6 pages), 9 sources, MLA, £ 43.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer discusses that with the rise of the modern feminist movement in the late 1960s and 1970s, what had previously been considered tolerable, if not acceptable, behavior in the workplace began to be called into question - especially as it pertained to the matter of sexual harassment. With this in mind, this paper looks at the important issue of sexual harassment and examines what strategies have been pursued and continue to be pursued with regards to addressing this issue. The focus falls primarily upon Canadian organizations charged with protecting the interests of women in the workforce. The writer details why sexual harassment is such an important topic and discusses in brief four Canadian organizations ostensibly committed to fighting sexual harassment in the workplace and looks at the strategies they pursue towards this end. Finally, the paper concludes with an assessment of the strengths and weaknesses of the strategies apparently put forward by the above-mentioned organizations and notes what can be done differently to achieve the final aims of those preoccupied with bringing sexual harassment to an end.
From the Paper
"The first women's organization worthy of discussion is the Alberta Women Entrepreneurs organization - or the Alberta Women's Enterprise Initiative Association as it has historically also been called. A review of the organization's professional website reveals very little about the policies the AWE pursues in order to combat sexual harassment. For example, the home page contains links to popular events the organization puts on regularly with the goal of educating women about what skills and attitudes they need to be successful in an alleged "man's" world, but a careful review of the site does not reveal any specific policy initiatives vis-a-vis sexual harassment. Presumably, because the organization pursues an educational function above all else, at least some of the many events it stages each year discuss what women need to look for when they believe themselves to be the victims of sexual harassment . ."
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Labor Choices of Immigrant Women, 2007.
This paper explores women immigrants and labor choices in the USA and Sweden.
1,769 words (approx. 7.1 pages), 5 sources, MLA, £ 40.95
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Abstract
The paper discusses the theory of Naila Kabeer who researched Bangladeshi women home workers and maintained that these women did not exercise their own preference in their work choice. Kabeer explains that they were influenced by male domination, which in turn was impacted by societal discrimination. The paper shows that the patterns of employment and labor of immigrant women in the USA and in Sweden lend corroboration to this theory. The paper demonstrates how immigrant women face multiple levels of discrimination, most notably sexist and racist prejudice.
From the Paper
"As noted above, Kabeer has pointed out that most Bangladeshi woman in London work in the clothing industry from home, while their husbands mainly work in the clothing industry in sweatshops and factories. Kabeer researched the reason for this, and found that the Bangladeshi women's "choice" to work at home is only partly their own preference, and that it is greatly influenced by male domination and other factors. She situates this domination within the context of the racist situation in which the entire family lives."
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"Three Guineas", 2007.
A discussion of "Three Guineas" by Virginia Woolf.
1,395 words (approx. 5.6 pages), 3 sources, MLA, £ 33.95
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Abstract
The paper discusses how Woolf highlights the interconnectedness between male power and social ills. The paper shows how Woolf developed an insightful analysis of her society which correctly pointed out the interconnectedness of oppressions, and which postulated that the education of women and their entry into the professions might lead to the end of war. The paper relates that history seems to be proving her wrong, but the paper stresses that the power of her analysis lies in her perception of the wider connections and this insight continues to be elaborated in useful ways by feminists today.
From the Paper
"When reading Three Guineas, many women will be horrified by some of the facts that Woolf documents. Certainly, reading this piece some seventy years after it was published, I was horrified to realise how recently the emancipation of women really began. In Woolf's time, despite recent legislative changes, women were still utterly subjugated by men. Realizing this, and juxtaposing it with the elegant and incisive intelligence that so clearly penned this work, I suddenly understood why Woolf walked into the River Ouze. Imagine having intelligence like this, while being treated by one's society as a child! This fine intelligence informs all of Three Guineas, drawing what essentially is an extended essay (masquerading as a letter) into a carefully balanced argument."
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The Female Beauty Myth, 2007.
This paper explores the motives behind the way women are portrayed in the popular media.
2,492 words (approx. 10.0 pages), 10 sources, MLA, £ 53.95
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Abstract
The paper discusses the views of Naomi Wolf in her book "The Beauty Myth" that the enforced version of female beauty helps to maintain male economic and political power. The paper also discusses Noam Chomsky's argument that the powerful elite of our society deliberately manipulate the media they control in order to maintain the current status quo. The paper examines current popular media, especially television and film, to investigate whether these allegations appear to be valid. The paper concludes that the beauty ideal is indeed a myth that the elite of our society convey to us via the popular media in order to keep women in their inferior place.
From the Paper
"In her book The Beauty Myth, Naomi Wolf argues that the ideal of female beauty that is projected in modern mass media is simply the latest method of keeping women in a subservient role within the patriarchal system. Wolf sees the aggressive pushing of a particular form of beauty as an important part of a backlash against the successes that have been achieved by the feminist movement. She believes that this enforced version of female beauty helps to maintain male economic and political power, by keeping women busy with diet and exercise, or keeping them so consumed by anxiety that they are unable to act effectively in the worlds of business and politics. Wolf argues this point with reference to many aspects of the popular media, noting that they all send the message that it is vitally important for women to be beautiful; and that in order to beautiful, women must be thin (and preferably also young, white and blonde). In considering these allegations, we also need to keep in mind that theorists such as Noam Chomsky have argued persuasively that the media is controlled by the powerful elite of our society, who deliberately manipulate the media they control in order to maintain the current status quo."
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Evolution of Social Movements, 2007.
An analysis of how social movements affected social change in the 1960s.
1,584 words (approx. 6.3 pages), 4 sources, MLA, £ 36.95
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Abstract
This paper shows how the powers of social movements are derived primarily from injustice in society. The paper looks at the civil rights, feminist and anti-war movements in the nineteen-sixties that demonstrated how once a social movement gains momentum it can produce wider public dissatisfaction with the status quo and compel elected officials to take action against injustice. The paper points out, however, that the power to affect social change in society tends to be fluid, for once a social movement achieves a certain degree of social change, it meets increasing resistance, which reduces its power.
From the Paper
"The Civil Rights Movement of the nineteen-sixties began because of Rosa Parks and the Montgomery, Alabama bus boycott in 1955, which inspired African-Americans to increase their efforts to win equality. Parks (1999) notes that a few years later, when Attorney General Robert Kennedy sent the FBI into the South in 1962 to enforce laws, prevent violence, and protect civil rights activists, it sent a strong message that the time for racial justice had arrived and that racial segregation must be ended."
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Pornography, 2007.
An analysis of possible solutions to the negative effects of pornography on society.
814 words (approx. 3.3 pages), 3 sources, MLA, £ 20.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the effects of pornography on society and discusses whether pornography should be banned. It argues that pornography should not be banned, however, it should be closely monitored and restricted. It also discusses the possible benefits to society, women and workers within the adult film industry, of introducing these measures.
From the Paper
"Finally, pornography is something which must be - at the very least - closely monitored inasmuch as it reverses the long-standing efforts of feminists to gain for women a measure of dignity and respect - dignity and respect, it need hardly be said, which will see them valued for things other than their physical appearance. In her discussion of the matter, Susan Brownmiller writes that pornography - presumably of the magazine variety - portrays women as commodities, like "cuts of meat" at the local supermarket. Obviously, in light of women's steady march towards academic ascendancy in American universities, this image is as untrue as it is unflattering and it harms millions of American women who are told to see themselves as a "cut of meat"."
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Western and Oriental Gynecology, 2007.
This paper discuses Western versus Oriental approaches to gynecology using a case study of fibroid tumors.
1,580 words (approx. 6.3 pages), 12 sources, APA, £ 36.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that, around the world, historically gynecology practices and perspectives on medical care often vary with societal cultures and religious beliefs and practices. The author points out that the Western approach to medicine is evidence-based, which most individuals think has a scientific basis for the diagnostic and treatment techniques that range from observation to invasive techniques. The paper relates that Oriental medicine, with its cultural roots in Buddhism, Taoism and Confucianism, stresses therapeutic interventions, which are relatively non-invasive and includes recommendations on diet, exercise and medication that the patient performs themselves and practitioner administered therapies that incorporate for example cupping, the burning of herbs, acupuncture or medicinal herbs brewed as a tea.
Table of Contents:
Gynecology Defined
Western Medicine
Oriental Medicine
Case Study
Western Intervention
Oriental Intervention
From the Paper
"A more contemporary approach to Oriental medicine states that fibroid tumors are usually associated with a "sedentary lifestyle and a diet high in animal fats and refined foods (white flour and sugar) cause[ing] a buildup of toxins." As such, a diet limiting these types of foods and a blend of Chinese herbs to reduce the tumor and increase blood circulation to aide in detoxifying the patient are utilized. Once fibroid tumors are suspected, or are diagnosed through traditional Western medical methods and the patient subsequently seeks treatment from a physician specializing in Oriental medicine. "the treatment is usually invasive. For fibroid tumors, heated herbal abdominal wraps are used to increase lymph node drainage while magnetic therapy can be used to stop the tumor growth and associated inflammation (Woods, 2000). Additionally, acupuncture treatments, ranging from several times a week to monthly are usually indicated (Wood, 2000).
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