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Women's Self Image in the Modern Media, 2008.
A research proposal to analyze the negativity of women's self image in the modern media.
895 words (approx. 3.6 pages), 3 sources, MLA, £ 22.95
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Abstract
This paper presents a research proposal to evaluate the current problem of self-image for women in the United States through negative representation found in the modern media. The paper discusses how media distorts and creates bodily manipulations and then relates that, by evaluating the facts and research done to learn how the media accomplishes this, one can realize how to correct and combat negative self-images within women's communities and organizational groups on media literacy.
Table of Contents:
Introduction and Rationale
Working Hypothesis
Research Strategy: The Problem and Various Solutions
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Certainly with media manipulating posing negative images of women that define a way for women to be socially seduced, media literacy is one major solution to helping women discover realistic ways for learning about their bodies. By teaching women through discussion groups, support groups, and other feminist orientated awareness groups to understand how the media is distorting woman's images, there can be a lesser feeling of objectification in how women view themselves. This form of media literacy can help women to view their bodies outside of the patriarchal construct of society that views women as sex objects only to be gazed or looked upon (Ware para.12). Certainly, this can provide a great deal of insight into preventing the exploitation of women's bodies by corporate male executives in the media industry that wish to create women as objects of male desire. By advocating organizations and other groups to prevent this type of negative image, media literacy can be an important avenue for solving this societal problem."
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Analysis of a Qualitative Research Report on Abused Women, 2008.
An analysis of a qualitative research report on battered women, welfare and the family violence option entitled, ''In Their Own Words: Battered Women, Welfare and the Family Violence Option" written by J.L. Postmus".
1,254 words (approx. 5.0 pages), 1 source, APA, £ 30.95
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Abstract
The paper comments on a research document in which the writer was to record and highlight the needs that mentally and physically abused women required, with regard to the family violence option (FVO) and welfare. The paper stresses that the research is necessary to nursing to indicate that the system did not recognize the requirements of the victims who wished to be freed from their previous spouses. The paper also highlights the inefficiency of this method of attending to the victim's requirements. The paper continues in detail with the manner in which information was collected. The paper summarizes the outcome of the study in which an outlook is presented on the participation of FVO, welfare and domestic violence shelters in assisting women.
Outline:
Statement of the phenomenon of interest
Purpose
Methodology
Sampling
Data collection
Data analysis
Findings
Conclusions, implications and recommendations
From the Paper
"Furthermore, the researcher made clear the strategies to analyze the data, which could be reproduced in similar studies. Yes; the study participants recognize the experiences as their own. Their experiences and insights are documented. In addition, these experiences reflected the women's views, whether or not they were congruent with the researcher's expectations. The research was presented in a logical manner and in a way that the researcher's thoughts are conveyed clearly even if the reader is not familiar with qualitative research."
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Breast Cancer: Focus on the Disease, 2008.
A discussion highlighting the necessity to focus on cancer as a disease, rather than on the subject of prosthetics.
2,658 words (approx. 10.6 pages), 11 sources, APA, £ 56.95
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Abstract
The author of this paper relates that the author of this paper was prompted to reasearch the topic of breast cancer further after her friend had what is termed a 'breast cancer scare'. The paper then defines breast cancer as a gendered disease in which women are led to believe the fallacy that medicine is winning the fight against breast cancer. However being a female gendered disease being investigated by a male dominant medical field prompts the writer to argue that this may not be correct. The paper deals with the approach of cosmetic surgery with the intention of appearing more attractive and quotes examples and experiences of women. The paper states that it is essential for women to be positive and to fight the disease, not to be laid back and accept defeat, nor conceal the fact that breast cancer exists and realize that to hide it under beauty concepts may be fatal.
From the Paper
"Recently, a close friend of mine had what is termed a "breast cancer scare". Following a routine mammogram, she was scheduled to have a suspicious lump removed from one of her breasts. During the wait for the surgery, and then the wait for the pathology report, we all reassured her as much as we could. We told her the things we have read and heard in the media, such as "Breast cancer's not such a big deal any more;" "Providing they catch it early, they can cure it;" "Almost no women die from breast cancer any more." And so on. And I, for one, believed it. It turned out that her lumps were not malignant, for which we are all deeply grateful. However, the incident caused me to wonder whether what we were saying was really true. Has the situation with regard to breast cancer really changed? Is it no longer the killer scourge that women used to fear so much? I did some research - and was shocked by the answers I found. As Batt (2002) puts it, "the overall mortality rate from carcinoma of the breast remains static" (p. 110). This of course begs the question: why are we being encouraged to believe that science is winning the fight against breast cancer, if this is not in fact true? As I will argue in this essay, the answer seems to have much to do with the fact that breast cancer is a gendered disease."
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A Look at America in the 1940s, 2008.
A look at how American women and African Americans changed their view of themselves after the Second World War.
1,430 words (approx. 5.7 pages), 4 sources, MLA, £ 33.95
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Abstract
The following paper looks at how the Second World War changed American society in ways that few could have envisioned in 1939, by changing how African Americans and women saw themselves. It also explores the social, cultural, economic, racial, political, and gender contexts of the age in which two important primary documents shedding light on the struggles of both of these aforementioned groups were written.
From the Paper
"In 1941, A. Philip Randolph penned an article in the Black Worker entitled, "Call to Negro America to March on Washington for Jobs and Equal Participation in National Defense." In this piece, Randolph spoke of a "crisis" unfolding within America - a crisis that involved America's black population. As Randolph put it, "What is this crisis? To American Negroes, it is the denial of jobs in Government defense departments. It is racial discrimination in Government departments. It is wide-spread Jim-Crowism in the armed forces of the nation." Mr. Randolph went on to vigorously argue for full integration in the nation's fighting forces and for jobs in critical national defense projects; he also told his readers of what would happen to America if the cries of African-Americans for equal treatment was not reached: "if American democracy will not defend its defenders; if American democracy will not give jobs to its toilers because of race or color; if American democracy will not insure equality of opportunity, freedom and justice to its citizens, black and white, it is a hollow mockery and belies the principles for which it is supposed to stand..." In the end, it may be argued that the cataclysmic upheaval of a world war became the moment within which African-Americans set in motion the civil rights movement still to come."
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HIV/AIDS among Indian Sex Trade Workers, 2008.
Investigates causes for the growing epidemic of HIV/AIDS among sex trade workers in India.
3,145 words (approx. 12.6 pages), 17 sources, APA, £ 65.95
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Abstract
In investigating the causes for the growing epidemic of HIV/AIDS among sex trade workers in India, this paper attempts to link the growth to socio-economic factors. In addition, the paper attempts to see whether India is simply a typical Third World country in this respect, or if there are special circumstances rendering Indian sex trade workers even more vulnerable to HIV/AIDS.
Table of Contents:
Background/Rationale
Objectives
Findings
Epidemiology
General Economic Factors
Socio-Economic Factors that Directly Impact Sex Trade Workers
Discrimination Against AIDS Patients
Political Issues
HIV/AIDS and Sex Trade Workers
Conclusions
From the Paper
"In India, the two main routes of infection are heterosexual contact and drug use. AIDS infections began spreading rapidly in India in the late 1980s and early 1990s. However, the response was slow. Officials were reluctant to admit AIDS was in India. For example, by 1991 only 1,254 AIDS cases were formally reported to WHO for the whole of Asia. However, the true figures were likely ten times as high. In the early 1990s, it began to seem that India and Thailand were the two Asian countries with the highest infection rates."
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Gender and Technology, 2008.
This paper discusses the issue of gendered careers and the role of technology.
1,686 words (approx. 6.7 pages), 7 sources, APA, £ 38.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer notes that one of the greatest changes that has impacted working conditions and careers has been the advent and rapid growth of technology. This massive change has also impacted women workers. The writer discusses that one might have expected that technology would have had a primarily positive impact, given that technology reduces the importance of brute physical strength, and that this is the only variable in which most women have any intrinsic disadvantage, relative to most men. However, the writer maintains that in general, technology does not seem to have been to the advantage of women. The writer argues that technology has had a negative impact on women workers and their careers. This is due not to technology itself, but rather to persistent, sexist stereotypes about what is "natural" for men and women.
From the Paper
"Sim and Yong blame this gender-based polarization on gender-based socialization and stereotyping that negatively impacts women's education and skills training. While this is at last declining, it still functions to prevent most women from gaining the career benefits from technology that are available to so many men."
"When it comes to higher level jobs, and especially jobs that are in high-tech fields such as computerization, medicine, science, and engineering, there appears to be a widespread trend for sexist perceptions about women's abilities to function as a bar that prevents most women from benefiting from the career opportunities opened up by new technology. For example, Whitney notes that women in medicine are still subject to discrimination with regard to admission to medical school, residency selections, appointment of faculty, and advancement. Indeed, Adams argues that medicine has been characterized by active hostility towards the incursions of women physicians, as has dentistry."
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Gender Relations in Chinese Literature, 2008.
A review of the Chinese story "Han the Fifth Sells her Charms in New Bridge Town" by Feng Menglong.
2,110 words (approx. 8.4 pages), 2 sources, MLA, £ 47.95
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Abstract
This paper examines how Feng Menglong provides a window into the social, cultural, economic and political nature of Chinese society in the 17th century in his story "Han the Fifth Sells her Charms in New Bridge Town". The paper looks specifically at gender relations in Chinese Society in the 17th century. The paper explains that men and women had rigidly defined roles as well as a range of social and moral obligations attached to these gender roles. Individuals who fail to remain within these prescribed gender roles are seen as weak and immoral. The paper then discusses how Feng Menglong demonstrates what happens when individuals step outside of their prescribed gender roles.
From the Paper
"From the story "Han the Fifth Sells her Charms in New Bridge Town" it appears that gender roles were very important in 17th Century Chinese society. Men were seen as being connected to the Yang(Menglong 91). In order to understand the importance of this it is necessary to look at the concept of Ying and Yang. Ying and Yang are often expressed in a symbol known as the Tai Ji Tu made up of two fish shaped symbols forming a circle. Yang is the active, male heaven principle. Ying is the passive, female earth principle."
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Work Opportunities for Women during WW ll in Canada, 2008.
A review of the work opportunities for women in Canada prior to and after World War ll.
2,445 words (approx. 9.8 pages), 9 sources, APA, £ 53.95
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Abstract
The paper relates that at the start of World War ll women were denied entry to positions in the workforce that were previously thought of as reserved only for men. Thus, the earning capacity of women was considerably lower than that of men and they were unable to accede to positions of economic or political power as well. The paper continues by highlighting that, as a result of the male task force being involved in fighting a war, vacancies in the work situation became available to Canadian women and thus it became apparent that women proved to be as efficient as men in a previous male-dominated areas. Encouraged by capitalism and the ruling powers and the press, Canadian women were now holding major positions which the government attempted unsuccessfully to reverse after the war. The paper concludes that WWI helped women realize their capabilities and achieve equality with their male counterparts.
From the Paper
"In this analysis, it is important to bear in mind that women in Canada have always worked, in one way or another. Feminist scholars such as Bradbury have eloquently dismissed the myth that dual-income families are a new phenomenon, a product of the women's movement in the last few decades. In her analysis of working class families in the period from the 1860s to the 1890s - the time of the industrial revolution in Canada - Bradbury shows that even in that time, married Canadian women were actively involved in a broad range of income-generating activities, such as taking in boarders. At the same time, they were also expected to handle all domestic labour. Bradbury reproduces a cartoon showing a woman on her knees, doing the washing, while her husband eats dinner. The caption reads: "You complain, my poor husband, or your ten hours of labour. Yet I have been working for fourteen hours, and I have not yet finished my day." Bradbury also makes the point that women's labour was essential, and that if most families had relied on the husband's earnings alone, "poverty, even starvation, would have been chronic." Moreover, men would not have had the strength to labour at the factories for ten hours, and women would not have been well enough nourished to produce viable babies. In short, the "working class could not have reproduced itself."
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Mary Ann Shadd, 2008.
A look at the life and work of Mary Ann Shadd and her important place in North American history.
1,651 words (approx. 6.6 pages), 7 sources, MLA, £ 38.95
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Abstract
The following paper looks at Mary Ann Shadd and assess her important place in North American (not merely Canadian or American) history. To wit, the ensuing several pages look at Shadd's prominent role as the first Black woman in North America to edit and publish a newspaper when she brought into existence the 'Provincial Freeman' in Windsor, Ontario, during the 1850s. Moreover, the paper looks at how Shadd vehemently rejected the strictures imposed upon her by virtue of being female and black and how she self-consciously carved out for herself a very public position on a wide array of issues. To determine what precisely it was that made Mary Ann Shadd so different from so many other women, the paper begins first by looking at her upbringing in a home wherein both her parents played integral roles in the early nineteenth-century Underground Railroad. Additionally, this paper explores her education and inquires into the role Quakerism played in shaping her vigorous intellect and her determination to use "common sense" - via the written word - to awaken revulsion against slavery and racial inequality. Finally, some time is devoted to looking at her many accomplishments as a publisher and as an educator.
From the Paper
"Shadd's work as an editor and publisher is only one small part of her contribution to history - both Canadian and American. In addition to her involvement in the newspaper industry, Shadd was also a teacher who, while not even in her 30s yet, organized a school for black children in Wilmington, Delaware - the same slave-holding state her family had fled from not so many years earlier. She also somehow found time to teach in New York City, West Chester, and Norristown, Pennsylvania. More significantly, Shadd opposed school segregation and, upon arriving in Windsor, Ontario, somehow scraped together the money from bemused parents to found a private school (with her at the head of course) that, ostensibly, rejected educational segregation. "
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Mill and the Emancipation of Women, 2008.
This paper looks at John Stuart Mill's arguments for the emancipation of women in his work, "The Subjection of Women".
1,147 words (approx. 4.6 pages), 1 source, MLA, £ 28.95
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Abstract
The paper contends that the concept of freedom central to Mill's critique of the status of women is as valid today as it was in 1869. The paper explains Mill's definition of freedom as having complete freedom of choice and argues that this concept of freedom should be used as a guiding principle for social and political change. The paper concedes, however, that it is unlikely we will ever reach this degree of freedom for all.
From the Paper
"Mill defines freedom as the ability to freely choose what one does in life. As an example, he points out that all men (in the more developed world) have the right to choose a profession that suits them. This enables them to make the most of the natural talents at their disposal. For example, a man with strong arms might choose to be a blacksmith, whereas a man with very weak arms is unlikely to make that choice, as he will not be able to be competitive in that field, and so will not make as much money as he might in a field that he was more suited to."
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International Monetary Fund (IMF), 2008.
A look at the harsh conditions the International Monetary Fund (IMF) imposed on developing nations receiving IMF assistance and the consequences of those conditions..
1,080 words (approx. 4.3 pages), 3 sources, MLA, £ 26.95
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Abstract
This paper examines IMF policies and structural economic demands and how they affect national economies and local populations. The paper relates that, while such structural conditions to a country's economy might, for the most part be well intentioned, they often have disastrous outcomes or, at best, minimal benefit to the receiving nation The paper then presents suggestions for alternative assistance strategies for struggling nations.
Table of Contents:
Overview
The IMF and Jamaica
The Gender Factor
Possible Alternatives
From the Paper
"IMF SAPs are deigned to result in an increase in tradable goods and services that are defined as goods or services that can be traded on international markets rather than local markets. The indirect but clear impact on the local labor markets affected by IMF policies, such as Jamaica, is that while males that are more commonly employed in the non-tradable goods and services industries experience higher levels of unemployment, women, in contrast, are increasingly sought after to work the assembly and production lines that produce the tradable goods and services, they are still responsible for their child rearing, child care, and home-making duties."
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The Failure of Technology to Induce Gender Equality., 2008.
A discussion on how gender can be defined in terms of technology.
2,554 words (approx. 10.2 pages), 7 sources, APA, £ 55.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses how, rather than than serving as a force of gender equalization, technology seems to feature gender distinctions, and can be applied too, to reinforcing further distinctions of the kind. The paper relates that, if the technology of a society helps to reveal some of its principal activities and shines light on social values, beliefs and activities, one comes to see much in post-industrial North American society that does point to differences in women's expected concerns, activities and abilities, what they need that men do not need so often, and how time is spent. The paper concludes that women still have not received gender equity by way of technology.
Outline:
Introduction
Observations of Gender & Technology in a 24-Hour Period
An 'Archaeological' Reflection
Discussion
Gender as a Social Construction
Concluding Remarks
From the Paper
"If technology is understood as a machine replacing or easing human An effort, as in different kinds of mechanization, one assumes gender neutrality, but in an urban North American environment, everyday technology can seem gender specific. The following examples were encountered in one day.
"A supermarket revealed an entrance geared to persons in wheelchairs or 'mothers' with prams, the symbol of a sign indicating this wider entrance referring to a female with pram and children who would obviously use this convenience. In a hairdresser's supply shop, no fewer than twelve electric appliances were counted in a few minutes, all promoted in ways to show different curling irons, crimping irons, rollers and particular blow-dryers, as products used by women. A mechanic then noted that the car I drove had a standard transmission, commenting that many women preferred automatic transmissions. He seemed to believe that the latter had been invented for women. At a computer supply shop, a salesman took time to understand that I wished to know about software for architectural drawings. The packaging of two products happened to feature male models as though architectural drawing was not a female interest. An apartment building's power-assisted entrance was used by disabled persons and women, though there might just as easily have been two entrances featuring power-assisted doors. Similarly, a business that sold vacuum cleaners stressed light-weight canister vacuum cleaners on sale that were said to appeal to many woman customers. Lastly, two people with whom I spoke complained that female members of their households spent "hours yacking on the Internet" in reference to Email or MSN communication."
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Educating, Empowering and Mentoring Young Women, 2008.
A discussion about the empowerment of women to ensure equality in society.
2,092 words (approx. 8.4 pages), 2 sources, APA, £ 46.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses how women have struggled for equality in society, though have never truly achieved it. The author mentions various women who have risen to positions of power and achievement, such as Margaret Thatcher and Mother Teresa and provides a more detailed account of Rosa Parks, the black woman who became a globally known Civil Rights leader. She concludes her paper by suggesting that more changes be introduced into society to empower and educate more women to become leaders of tomorrow.
From the Paper
"Educating, empowering and mentoring young women for leadership tomorrow sounds as though it is an idea that we may speak about, but one that in reality is too complex to achieve. This is because throughout society women have struggled for equality, though never truly achieved it; women have gained advancements, but only marginally; and women have maintained roles of leadership, though in minimal numbers as compared to men. Traditionally, women are taught to be "sugar and spice and everything nice", while males are taught that they have power over all that they survey and that their mistakes can be attributed to "boys being boys", while women are constantly reminded of Eve and that apple. So it must be asked, "how do we overcome these societal views and create an environment that supports achievement of this vast undertaking?" We begin by reflecting on history..."
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African-American Women and Drug Trafficking, 2008.
This paper explores the relationship between African-American women and the selling of drugs.
1,180 words (approx. 4.7 pages), 6 sources, APA, £ 28.95
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Abstract
The paper discusses the observation that young African-American women have a higher proclivity to sell drugs than other races such as their young Caucasian counterparts. The paper examines studies that shows this relationship between at risk behaviors and young African-American women. The paper also looks at research that explores how early adolescence affects African-American women later in adulthood insofar as drug-related problems are concerned. The paper discusses a proposed study that will determine the degree to which poverty and economic related circumstances contribute to drug trafficking in a specific urban center among the young African-American female population.
Outline:
Abstract
Introduction
II. Literature Review
III. Methodology
From the Paper
"This research project is designed to identify the primary factors related to the high incidence rate of young African American women who commonly sell drugs or engage in drug trafficking activity in the nation's urban centers. The working hypothesis states that poverty and related economic factors directly impact the study populations' proclivity to engage in drug trafficking as an economic alternative. While this might seem criminally obvious, there are social and cultural implications related to the study outcomes which the criminal justice system must learn to accommodate for such as devising adequate drug treatment programs for repeat offenders that better assess and target the contributing behaviors (Laudet, Cleland, Magura, Vogel & Knight, 2004). "
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