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Slavery, Stereotypes and Society, 2008.
A critical analysis of the adaptive flexibility model in its application to the African-Caribbean family.
1,931 words (approx. 7.7 pages), 4 sources, APA, £ 34.95
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Abstract
The paper critically examines the adaptive flexibility model and argues that while this model possesses strengths, the model is flawed to the extent that it diminishes the radical impact of slavery upon the social and cultural development of the African-Caribbean family. The paper contends that a more balanced analysis would recognize both the reality of the impact of slavery upon later generations of African-Caribbeans, as well as the capacity of these families to define their own lives, often in resistance to this oppression.
Outline:
Introduction
Revisionism and the Adaptive Flexibility Model
From the Paper
"It is significant that even today scholarly research on the African Caribbean family focuses to an extraordinary degree upon the impact of slavery on this population. Much of the early history of the Caribbean is defined by its economic role as the largest English, and for a brief period the largest world, producer of sugar (Floyd 1981, p.38). To harvest the sugar cane, the English planters found that they needed far more field workers than could be obtained from the deported criminal classes of Britain and Ireland."
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Gun Control, 2008.
A look at the social issue of gun control in the USA.
1,053 words (approx. 4.2 pages), 4 sources, MLA, £ 20.95
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Abstract
This paper examines the power and control possession of a gun can give a person and how, although guns or weapons might have been necessary in the past for self defense, today the need for guns cannot be supported by such antiquated circumstances. The author maintains that as long as the philosophy of owning a gun equals power, guns will be a negative inclusion in the social order and one that must be controlled in order to protect every person effectively.
From the Paper
"In Roald Dahl's story "The Swan" the characters of Ernie and Raymond are consumed by the power that they believe a .22 caliber rifle allows them to have. Consequently, the characters loose any sense of the reality that exists around them or the consequences of their actions and they begin to kill any animals that they come into contact with. Additionally, the possession of the gun by Ernie and Raymond suggests to them that they have control over other human beings, which is demonstrated through their torture and attempted murder of Peter (Dahl). While there are those within the social order that suggest that instances such as those described in Dahl's story are rare, the fact is that if there is a tool available to the masses that creates this type of situation for anyone, that tool must be controlled as a means of preventing the innocent from being devastated by the negative outcomes that are possible.
"Wilbur Edel states that the intention of the framers of the Constitution believed that guns were essential to an individual's right to protect his life and property at a time when uncertainty about society was everywhere (69). According to Edel, Thomas Jefferson believed that the gun was a friend to those in society because by carrying it people could "stand tall" with the ability to defend themselves (69). This philosophy provides a basis for the ideology related to guns that exists in society, especially the belief that guns provide power. It should be noted, however, that in Jefferson's time societal philosophies were also connected to honor, virtue and a people that were just beginning to establish them selves as a nation. People hunted for food, explored parts of the country that had not been known and protected themselves against free roaming creatures that would otherwise prevent their existence. When a gun was used as a means of defense against other human beings there was a sense of ethics connected to discharging a firearm, which led most people to refrain from doing so unless there was imminent threat to life because there was no desire to kill the innocent. Therefore, gun use was not as much about power as it was about living and continuing to seek dreams that were connected to the founding of a new civilization."
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Nursing Leadership and Management, 2008.
This paper discusses the concept of power within the field of nursing.
770 words (approx. 3.1 pages), 3 sources, APA, £ 15.95
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Abstract
In this article the writer notes that nurses find themselves in a unique position when compared to other professions. Although highly educated themselves, many nurses in management positions find themselves automatically being placed in a reduced position of power. The writer points out that this subordinate position is often apparent when dealing with other healthcare professionals, supervisors, and management. This essay looks at several issues regarding power and management, particularly in how it relates to nursing. The writer concludes that power is a term used to refer to an inherently unequal position between people and that it is used to gain control over an individual or event.
Outline:
How Does Leadership Differ from Management?
What is Power?
Seven Bases of Power
Conclusion
From the Paper
"The seven bases of power are reward, punishment, legitimate, expert, information, and connection. The use of these seven bases of power enables the nurse to shift this unequal relationship to some degree. Every nurse must, at some time, deal with individuals who are not nurses and still affect patient care. Some of these people are family members or are people with that share a relationship with the patient outside of the care facility. Others of these people are those individuals from other departments such as social services or radiology. And, of course, nurses must deal with physicians on a daily basis."
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The Most Dominating Aspect of Family Law, 2008.
This paper looks at the most prominent and important aspect of family law and concentrates on the domestic realm.
1,314 words (approx. 5.3 pages), 1 source, APA, £ 24.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer expands on the belief that the most dominating aspect of family law is that it pertains to the domestic sphere. Further, the writer examines the repercussions of this domestic aspect of family law. The writer notes that one can see that the dominant aspect of Canadian family law with regard to both divorce and common law couples has changed. Moreover, this was also the dominant aspect with regard to the very nature of families, in that same-sex relationships have been legitimized to the full extent of the law. The writer points out that the last-mentioned change is certainly the most dramatic, setting Canada ahead of social trends in most countries, and illustrating perhaps most clearly of all how much Canadian family law has changed.
From the Paper
"Another aspect of family law that has been dominated by change has been the important sphere of divorce law. Boyd points out that at the beginning of the 20th century, people rarely divorced. However, a century later, divorce has become common-place. In fact, in many Canadian class rooms, there are more children from "broken" families than from intact families. As the century progressed, people became more willing to break their marriage vows and start over. Also, as divorce become more and more commonplace, people began to feel less guilt and failure about getting a divorce. Moreover, it is now a more secular time, and many people simply do not take their church vows as seriously. Canadian family law seems to have recognized this softening of social attitudes towards divorce, because it has made a series of changes to divorce law. Perhaps the most salient change has been that it has become much easier to obtain a divorce, particularly with the introduction of the concept of so-called "no-fault" divorce."
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Depression in Modern Society, 2008.
An analysis of depression in modern society and the problems surrounding the increased use of anti-depressants.
2,310 words (approx. 9.2 pages), 10 sources, MLA, £ 40.95
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Abstract
This paper examines depression as stemming from the highly stressful, intensely competitive nature of modern society. It points out that the physical, mental, and social state of well-being of millions of people is being harmed because of the destructive aspects of the natural, social, built, and economic spheres in which they live. The paper particularly examines the problems surrounding the increasing use of anti-depressants to treat depression, such as dependence, abuse, the drugs' possible harmful side effects, and exploitation by drug companies. The paper concludes that too many people turn to "wonder drugs" for help when they cannot deal with the emotional and psychological stress induced by society.
From the Paper
"In recent years, depression in young adults has been increasingly treated with prescription drug anti-depressants such as Prozac and Paxil. The increasing use of these prescription antidepressant drugs has several implications, for recent studies have shown that more than twenty percent of young adults in the general population have emotional problems and one-third of young adults attending psychiatric clinics suffer from depression. Just as troubling, depression in this age group is greatly under-diagnosed, which presents even more implications."
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Media in a Democratic Society, 2008.
This paper explores whether the media in the United States, Canada and Mexico are effective in investigating government and sustaining democratic values in their societies.
2,278 words (approx. 9.1 pages), 12 sources, MLA, £ 39.95
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Abstract
The paper provides a comparison and contrast of the societies and political cultures of the United States, Canada and Mexico as well as the media operations in each culture. The paper argues that while the U.S. model is influential in both Canada and Mexico, the similarities are closest between the U.S. and Canada in that corporate power blocks systemic media criticism of government. The paper contrasts this to Mexico where a more authoritarian political structure has historically resulted in more direct political control of media by government and political authority as opposed to corporate entities. The paper clearly shows how in neither of the three countries does the media - albeit in different respects - foster democratic values.
Outline:
Introduction
Media in the United States - Personality over Politics
Media in Canada - Politics and Culture
Media in Mexico - Absolute Convergence
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Political and media critics in the United States have argued that one of the defining features of American media's representation of government is its tendency to focus on personality over politics. This can be seen most clearly in presidents, as the recent presidencies of George W. Bush and Bill Clinton have revealed an extraordinary level of focus on one individual personality rather than the complex processes of government itself. In fact, this was a process that began with the era of television in the 1950s, when politicians became celebrities and their political power was closely intertwined with their media images (Schickel 201). Since that time, American political campaigns have been oriented towards television and the importance of the thirty second "sound bite" (Jackson et al. 129)."
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Abortion in America: Two Sides of a Simmering Conflict, 2007.
A discussion of the argument between the pro-choice and pro-life supporters in America.
1,124 words (approx. 4.5 pages), 5 sources, MLA, £ 21.95
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Abstract
This paper examines the long-debated issue of abortion and explores how the controversy has been portrayed in the mainstream media. The paper highlights one instance wherein Ronald Reagan (a champion of anti-abortion conservatives) is turned into a metaphor for moral hypocrisy - thereby, by extension, tainting his followers as such. The paper also looks at how the bias in the media and the portrayal of both sides is surprisingly fair, but when "emotional" language or prejudicial, "loaded" phrases are used, it tends to be in favor of pro-abortion activists and in opposition to anti-abortion crusaders.
From the Paper
"The argument between the pro-choice and pro-life crowds appears to be essentially one over whether or not a woman has complete domain over the reproductive process (from start to finish) or whether a fetus deserves to be treated as a full-fledged human being with the same right to be secure from bodily injury and death. The parties involved, as one would expect, divide (almost without exception) between conservatives on one side and liberals on the other; it may also be said that those who are religious (such as Christians) are considerably more opposed to abortion than those who are secular in their orientation."
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Television and Consumerism, 2008.
This paper examines the origin of television and how it has changed over the years.
2,485 words (approx. 9.9 pages), 12 sources, MLA, £ 42.95
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Abstract
The paper argues that television has changed a great deal from its original intention of providing information and entertainment to people far and wide. The paper discusses how today it has become a powerful propaganda medium wielded by rich and powerful corporations that try to promote the consumerism necessary to support themselves. The paper looks at how television is capable of shaping our culture and our identities and succeeding in turning society into obedient consumers. The paper concludes that our culture has become increasingly secular with a new religion of consumerism.
From the Paper
"On a technical level, television is the "electrical transmission and reception of transient visual images" (Smith 13). It has been referred to as the first invention created by a committee (Smith 13), in that it was developed by "the effort of hundreds of individuals widely separated in time and space, all prompted by the urge to produce a system of 'seeing over the horizon'" (Smith 13). Smith argues that people have always wanted to communicate beyond the horizon, and that television seemed at first to enable this dream to come true. Smith also argues that television's original inventors saw television as a way to communicate beyond the horizon, to inform, and to entertain."
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Cultural Diversity in Education, 2008.
A review of the article, "Serving Culturally Diverse Children with Serious Emotional Disturbance and Their Families," by Gwendolyn Cartledge, Cathy Kea and Evette Simmons-Reed.
758 words (approx. 3.0 pages), 1 source, APA, £ 15.95
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Abstract
The paper reviews the article, "Serving Culturally Diverse Children with Serious Emotional Disturbance and Their Families", which is concerned about how cultural insensitivity harms children from diverse backgrounds. The paper explores why this issue is important - especially when it comes to educating young people - and outlines the difficult situations which can arise when teachers fail to understand the cultural impetuses which guide and shape behavior. Finally, the paper looks at what cultural sensitivity (and a lack thereof) means for professionals who must work regularly with non-European children.
From the Paper
"A recent article by Gwendolyn Cartledge, Cathy Kea, and Evette Simmons-Reed (2002), "Serving Culturally Diverse Children with Serious Emotional Disturbance and Their Families," reveals the importance of cultural sensitivity when dealing with children coming from diverse backgrounds. To wit, the United States is now a nation with a remarkably polyglot population; this trend will continue. In light of this, those involved in the field of counseling and social work (and many other occupations that deal with troubled young people) will have to develop sophisticated understandings of how culture interacts with social behavior if they are to provide unbiased interventions to children afflicted by behavioral problems. Finally, the authors seem to favor an approach which recognizes that other ways of doing things need to be recognized insofar as the needs of minority children may not be assessed properly simply because the counselor or professional dealing with them is viewing their problems through the wrong cultural lens and is not appreciative of the reality that culture guides behavior (Cartledge et al, 2002)."
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"Men Want Something Else", 2008.
A critique on David Buss' article "Men Want Something Else".
1,557 words (approx. 6.2 pages), 5 sources, APA, £ 28.95
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Abstract
This paper argues at length that Buss' article, while well-written and generally well-researched, fails to contemplate a number of issues which spring up around the topic of mate selection. It looks at how because of this, Buss appears to offer simply a rationale or even an "excuse" for a social construct that does, indeed, reduce women to a reproductive role and little more than that; he also unwittingly gives credence to the fairly superficial nature of our society vis-a-vis sexual relations between the genders.
Outline
Critique and Transition
Buss' Treatment of Environmental Factors
Buss' Discussion (or Non-Discussion) of Disability Hierarchies
Buss and the Politics of Reproduction
Political Implications Raised by each of the Aforementioned Issues
Conclusions
From the Paper
"Turning momentarily to environmental influences, it is evident that Buss cleaves to the position that biology and not society (for the most part) shapes who we wed and who we choose not to wed; for instance, the male desire for physically attractive, nubile and healthy women extends across all cultures. However, he acknowledges that factors such as chastity and the desirable "plumpness" of a potential mate are determined to some extent by cultural or societal factors such as the relative availability of food in a particular community. The strength of Buss' article, in the view of this reader, lies in his ability to illustrate the persistence in certain trends across cultures - while conceding, where necessary, that cultural externalities can play some role (Buss, 2003). "
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An Ethnographic Study: The Anna Nicole Smith Hearing, 2007.
An ethnographic analysis of the televising of a hearing in Florida on disposition of the body of recently deceased Anna Nicole Smith.
2,145 words (approx. 8.6 pages), 7 sources, APA, £ 37.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that an ethnographic analysis of an event and its presentation should consider the nature of the event itself, the nature of the targeted audience, and the characteristics of the commentary that becomes part of the presentation as well as how the different elements interact. The author points out that televising this hearing alone suggests certain cultural forces at work. The paper relates that "tabloid celebrity" characterizes the culture that kept track of Smith's activities and influenced the way this hearing was covered by all the news media. The paper relates that the popularity of reality-television influenced the news outlets to use the hearing to attract a large audience. The paper further relates that the courtroom has its own culture embedded within the larger culture and that when courtroom proceedings are telecast on television, the two cultures come together and may conflict. The paper concludes that the court often claims not to be influenced by the circus outside, but in this case, the circus outside was greatly influenced by the circus inside.
From the Paper
"The final day of the hearing was February 23, 2007, by which time the prevailing view of the proceedings was that it was a circus. Judge Larry Seidlin of Broward County was the judge for the proceedings, and he set the tone to a great degree. His behavior became the target of critics who saw his folksy mode of speaking and his informality as drawbacks, but many observers found some of his statements bizarre. The public is familiar with the general methods and tone of a courtroom from other courtroom transmissions, and the style of this hearing differed."
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Man and Religion, 2007.
This paper explores the relationship of man and religion by examining the three religions of Islam, Judaism, and Christianity.
1,305 words (approx. 5.2 pages), 7 sources, MLA, £ 24.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that, throughout the history of mankind, religion has played a vital role. The author points out that humans naturally find a supreme being to worship in answer to questions about how the world began, where the world is going, what is his or her purpose on earth, what does life mean and what will happen to him or her after death. The paper relates that, although these religions do have differences, the three religions of Islam, Judaism, and Christianity believe in only one God and the importance of living a life that would be pleasing to this God. The author concludes that the role of mankind in religion is to seek God and to worship and obey.
Table of Contents:
The Roles of Man in Religion
Why Does Mankind Need Religion
Role of Man in the Islamic Faith
The Role of Man in Judaism
The Role of Man in Christianity
From the Paper
"Comparing Judaism to the Islamic faith will show that they both believe in only one God. The Jews believe they are special and that God chose them over the other nations. "Jews believe that the Jewish people are specially chosen by God." The role of man is to obey the covenant made by God to Moses and when they follow the laws of God their lives will be blessed. Judaism is one of the religions that date back through early history. One of the benefits of following this faith is the ability to have a personal relationship with God. ... The Jews continue to believe that God is alive and continues to affect what happens in the world."
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Learning and Tolerating the Homeless Culture, 2007.
A discussion of cultural and social differences.
1,804 words (approx. 7.2 pages), 7 sources, APA, £ 32.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses a series of conversations the writer recently had with a homeless person. The paper explains how these interactions provided an opportunity for learning about someone else's culture, an opportunity to understand individual as well as cultural differences, an opportunity to enjoy shared experiences, and a chance to grasp the day-to-day exigencies of this individual's life. The paper further explores a number of themes - culture shock, stereotyping and various theoretical concepts. In conclusion, the paper shows that people who are different from ourselves may seem frightening at first glance, but their humanity becomes more and more undeniable the more we allow ourselves to understand and appreciate the cultures within which they operate.
From the Paper
"To begin with, this writer conducted a series of sit-down interviews with a homeless person residing in the local community. Initially, the contact was strictly visual as the writer sought to gain a sense of the man and a sense of what his state of mind was. Not long thereafter, however, a verbal line of communication was opened - largely because I offered to buy him a cup of coffee and because I made it clear to him that his life story was of interest to me. During the course of our conversation at the local Starbucks, I became self-conscious and vaguely uncomfortable - not least of all because a number of people took to staring at the odd couple in their midst."
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Industrial Relations and Game Theory, 2007.
This paper applies game theory (GT) to industrial relations, especially in the area of collective bargaining.
1,770 words (approx. 7.1 pages), 12 sources, APA, £ 32.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that industrial relations within the context of the British economy and the character of its workforce have long been dominated by the power and presence of its unions. The author points out that, because of the stakes involved in the collective bargaining negotiations, game theory (GT) and coalition theory, which is a subset of GT, is relied upon to achieve fractional improvements in contract negotiations. The paper relates that game theory (GT) is most often associated with a zero-sum scenario; however, it also encompasses positive-sum and negative-sum scenarios where a party may gain or win without the necessity of an equivalent loser. The author relates that, because of the necessity to form alliances in order to reach consensus among diverse stakeholders, industrial relations often employ a type of GT known as coalition theory,which examines the nature, reasons and underlying dynamics of these coalitions that form in all the various settings. The paper includes graphs.
Table of Contents
Introduction
Game Theory
Industrial Relations and Game Theory
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Of particular value has been research integrating sender-receiver frameworks that analyze how knowledge is transferred, both symmetrically and asymmetrically, with GT whereby advantages gained through asymmetrical knowledge transfer creates zero-sum advantages for one player or the other in an industrial relations setting such as the collective bargaining platform. This concept is explained in terms of being a signal that one side uses to inform the other of a possible solution, such as concessions that can be made on benefits."
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