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Sexism and Canadian Women's Hockey, 2008.
This paper looks at the part played by sexism in the Canadian women's hockey field.
1,279 words (approx. 5.1 pages), 4 sources, MLA, £ 26.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer notes that today's society is based on a gender binary that requires men and women to be opposites. Men are expected to be active and aggressive; women are expected to be inactive and passive. The writer discusses that women in sports directly challenge this gender binary - they are not passive, but rather the opposite of passive. The writer maintains that women in sports are sometimes subjected to the abuse and discrimination that all gender outlaws in our society attract. The writer points out that this issue is particularly marked in Canadian women's hockey. The women's team is far more successful than the men's team and yet most people don't even know it exists. The writer discusses that women playing hockey detract from the aggressive male image associated with male hockey, while at the same time challenging every tenet of the gender binary. The writer concludes that teenagers should be taught parenting skills of which an important part should be examining and unlearning the sexism they have already learned from society.
Outline:
The Issue
Sources from the Internet
Explanation for the Issue and Plan of Action
From the Paper
"Thus, as soon as a woman is strong and brave, she is suddenly a suspect! No wonder no one pays any attention to Canada's women hockey players!
"What is the solution to this? Clearly, there has to be an education program to combat the enduring belief in biological essentialism. Children need to be taught from a very young age that all people are capable of all attributes. They need to understand that the various human qualities are a virtual smorgasbord, from which they can freely choose, regardless of their gender. They need to be exposed to role models of adults who transcend the usual norms."
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Equality in Japan and China, 2008.
This paper discusses the influence of western civilization on the social status of women in Japan and China.
2,786 words (approx. 11.1 pages), 15 sources, MLA, £ 50.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer notes that the role of women in Japan and China has undergone a significant change due to the profound influence of Western culture in these Asian countries. This paper examines the history of the social status of both Japanese and Chinese women, and looks at how that status has changed and evolved over the years as the West has imposed its values on both countries' citizens. The writer argues that Japanese and Chinese women have experienced both positive and negative outcomes in social equality due to the impact of Western civilization on these two Eastern powers, however, the positives far outweigh the negatives.
Outline:
Introduction
Japanese Women prior to World War II
Post World War II Japanese Women
Chinese women and their status after the influence of Western culture
The Social Equality of Japanese and Chinese Women
Negative social outcomes due to Western influence
Japan
China
Refuting the Negative Social Outcomes Due to Western Influence
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Overall, women in Japan and China today experience much more social equality than their mothers and grandmothers ever did. Each great Eastern power was under the influence of Confucius and the old customs that made women subservient to their husbands, and even to their eldest sons.
"Since Western standards of gender equality have encroached the East, women in both Japan and China have had a much greater opportunity for education. This is evident in the sharply increased female enrollment at the university level in both powers."
"The glass ceiling for women not only exists for women in Japan and China, but also is still an issue in the United States. Nonetheless, there are increased opportunities within the work place due to higher academic achievement among Japanese and Chinese women. Women are now in government offices in both powers and greater opportunities will no doubt abound in time."
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Why are so Few Women Participating in Politics, 2008.
An overview of women's participation in the world of politics.
2,338 words (approx. 9.4 pages), 8 sources, APA, £ 43.95
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Abstract
This paper looks at the issue of women participating in politics and argues that the suffragettes had it the wrong way around as the fact of women being able to vote did not suffice to bring about gender equity in society. This author explains the necessity to change society radically, from its ideological foundations upwards, which will result in an equalization of material conditions for the sexes, and in turn, manifest as equivalent levels of political participation.
From the Paper
"It is necessary to preface this argument with an important caveat, so that we are not working from a basis of simplistic over-generalizations. The first thing that should be borne in mind is that globally, levels of female participation vary. As noted by Oyewumi (2005):
The worldwide ... male dominance in all spheres of human endeavour is normally negatively correlated with women's participation in politics. The higher the level of male dominance in society, the lower women's participation in politics. Put another way, it is assumed that in any given society, the more equal ... women are to men, the greater their political participation, and the greater their political participation the more equal they are. (p. 1)
Oyewumi (2005) concedes that this is a chicken and egg situation, but argues that improved material conditions for women (such as more access to education) will lead to greater political participation. However, many societies in Africa still incorporate vast differences in material conditions for men and women. Accordingly, Oyewumi (2005) notes that the level of female participation in politics in Africa tends to be low, with some notable exceptions. While this provides the basis for a sociological or materialist explanation of low participation by women in politics in Africa, it fails to adequately account for the low participation of women in politics in the Global North. While full equality has yet to be achieved, the fact is that many doors are open to women, that were never open before. How then do we account for this apparent anomaly?"
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Racism and the Judicial Process, 2008.
This paper argues that the judicial process does not result in racial discrimination.
1,033 words (approx. 4.1 pages), 2 sources, MLA, £ 22.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer looks at the argument that the judicial process is to blame for the large percentage of African-American prison inmates in the USA. The writer argues against the idea that the large number of African Americans in jail is due to racism in the judicial system. The writer maintains that it is not the judicial process that is to blame. The writer concludes that it seems likely that more African Americans are arrested and later put in prison simply because more African Americans commit serious crimes.
From the Paper
"It supports the argument that more African-Americans are arrested and put in jail simply because they commit more serious crimes. It cannot be because of bias at the arrest stage, because the data shows that African-Americans are less likely to be arrested. It is of course possible that African-Americans are discriminated against later in the judicial process - for example, at the sentencing stage. However, we can conclude that their race does not make them more likely to be arrested in the first place, at least in the three crimes of rape, robbery and assault. D'Alessio and Stolzenberg sum it up as follows .. "
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Racism and Canadian Society, 2008.
This paper discusses the statement "In my opinion, it is too easy for people to blame their failures on things like racism."
1,287 words (approx. 5.1 pages), 1 source, MLA, £ 26.95
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Abstract
In this essay, the writer argues that the statement, "In my opinion, it is too easy for people to blame their failures on things like racism", is incorrect and is one that is usually put forward by people who have never experienced racism. The writer maintains that the reality is that many failures are caused by important factors such as racism. This should be acknowledged, and then steps should be taken to address the racism in our society. The writer argues that pretending that racism is just an empty, self-serving excuse obscures the reality of the racism in our society. The writer concludes that when a black person says their failure is a result of racism, they are far more likely to be correct than incorrect.
From the Paper
"As a result of this failure, many consequences flow. For one thing, the little girl is never cast as the heroine, and all the audiences who see the school plays over the years have their racist assumptions that heroines/princesses etc. are always white reinforced. Thus, the systemic racism is bolstered, reinforced and perpetuated to a new generation. The effect on the girl herself is that she is repeatedly sent the message that she is not good enough to be the princess/heroine - no matter what she does. The girl is likely to internalize a very deep level of unworthiness, and a resultant crippling lack of self-esteem. Contrast this with the raised self-esteem that will be fostered in the white girls who were picked for the roles. After that, all of these girls go on to university. Which girls are more likely to do well at university, and then go on to successful, well-paid careers? And taking this even further, which of these girls are likely to raise children who have every possible advantage in life, and who will do well when they grow up?"
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The Dream of Diversity, 2008.
This paper proposes a solution to attain the elusive goal of true diversity in America today.
1,050 words (approx. 4.2 pages), 6 sources, MLA, £ 22.95
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Abstract
The paper discusses how the goal of true diversity in America is illusive and wrought with many systemic barriers that find their roots in the early history of the country. The paper explains the propensity of Americans to congregate with people similar to themselves and also highlights the futility of those that espouse diversity from their culturally segregated educational positions. The paper therefore supports the proposition of Americans totally immersing themselves in foreign cultures as a solution to obtaining a truly diverse society.
From the Paper
""The dream of diversity is like the dream of equality. . both are based on ideals we celebrate even as we undermine them daily. . " (Brooks 348) is how the self-proclaimed comic sociologist David Brooks summarizes the state of cultural diversity in America in his Atlantic Monthly article entitled "People Like Us". The stated desire for true diversity is often manifested in a society that is balkanized into socio-economic and ethnic enclaves in spite of the neighborhood's multicultural history. Americans are traditionally more comfortable with like-minded neighbors, and have a tendency to seek each other out when traveling abroad. The only proven workable solution to integrating true diversity into American culture is through instituting a mandatory foreign service "rite of passage" for all American young adults."
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How Does the Perception of Time Differ between Cultures, 2008.
A look at how different cultures view the concept of time.
3,830 words (approx. 15.3 pages), 12 sources, MLA, £ 64.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the differences in perception and use of time between cultures. Although time carries with it different aspects and holds different values, it is constrained and used as a tool to constrain the actions of the individual for the betterment of a society. The author of this paper concludes that from the constraints of time there are rewards and punishments to allow a society to control individual behavior.
Outline:
Introduction
Sources
Analysis
Perception of time of each culture
The reason for time
Cultural valuations of time
Nature, event and clock time
Linear and Monochronic Time
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Culture can be defined as a shared behavior--a behavior that unites people together in their actions and allows them to co-exist with each other--of course this is not to say that there are not rewards and punishments for helping the group to be functional or not co-operating with the group at all. Time then is a way in which a group (society) maintains a certain amount of functionality by exercising the constraints of time on everybody in the group. Those who do not work within these constraints of time cause chaos within the subsets in the group. Each culture has its own definition of time constraints--many European countries have siesta in the afternoon, in areas if the US where the heat in the summer is well over 100 degrees people schedule their days so they won't be out doing physically labor during the hottest part of the afternoon and in the United Kingdom they have tea time which is different than the traditional American supper time. The concept of time is one way that a culture is defined."
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Newspapers in the Internet Age, 2008.
This paper examines the fate of traditional newspapers in the Internet age.
1,065 words (approx. 4.3 pages), 10 sources, APA, £ 22.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that the Internet has had a pervasive influence on more conventional media. The author points out that, with the emergence of the Internet as the full-blown force, newspapers have found that they must adapt or be overwhelmed. The author further describes how leading newspapers, such as the "New York Times", have embraced the Internet and have moved forward with ambitious plans to make themselves available on the Internet in modified forms. The paper underscores that one of the remarkable things that newspapers have done with the Internet is to make themselves more widely available than at any time. The author concludes that traditional newspapers will have a valid place in the media as long as they continue to support relentless reporting.
From the Paper
"One way in which the Internet has influenced other forms of media is to put a tremendous emphasis on imagery as opposed to print. While are still primarily print, the Internet is filled with photos, drawings, graphics, and other visual representations, to the point where images are losing much of their power because we see so many more of them than ever before. Given the ease with which images can be manipulated, we face as a culture a serious problem of retaining the ability to know what is real versus what has been packaged for consumption."
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The Epidemiology of Tuberculosis, 2008.
This paper explores the global incidence of tuberculosis.
2,162 words (approx. 8.6 pages), 8 sources, APA, £ 41.95
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Abstract
The paper reveals that the incidence of tuberculosis tends to be low across affluent areas but continues to be pronounced among impoverished, isolated and marginalized populations. The paper looks at the agent, host and environment of this disease and discusses how research remains crucial in relation to designing more effective testing, as well as more potent drugs to overcome tuberculosis.
Outline:
Introduction
Agent
Host
Environment
Web of Causation
Natural History and Control and Prevention
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Epidemiology refers to "the study of the distribution and determinants of health-related states or events in specified populations, and the application of this study to control of health problems" (Stanhope & Lancaster, 2004, p. 250). Tuberculosis is a global problem but certain populations even in affluent nations such as Canada are at high risk for tuberculosis. These populations include "aboriginal peoples, foreign-born residents from countries with a high prevalence of TB, disadvantaged inner-city populations, and those with HIV infection" (Stanhope & Lancaster, 2004, p. 914)."
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The Social Implications of Striving to Be Human, 2008.
This paper discusses the book "Of Mice and Men" by John Steinbeck, focusing on the social implications of striving to be human.
1,552 words (approx. 6.2 pages), 6 sources, APA, £ 30.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer notes that in "Of Mice and Men", Steinbeck wrote of George and Lennie, a pair of ranch hands that were attempting to at long last realize their dreams of owning a small parcel of land and be considered as important human beings in the social order. The writer points out that Steinbeck included Lennie's mental condition and poverty as obstacles to that dream, which assisted in destroying the pair's goals through an episode of unintentional murder. The writer discusses that Steinbeck was successful at making a statement in this scene which indicated that the common man would always know struggle as a means of survival and that in most cases struggle to overcome social expectations would end in failure. The writer concludes that this is because society as whole makes determination about the placement of people and their roles in the social order and when those people intentionally strive to cast the rules aside, society must react with cruelty to ensure that balance in the social order is maintained.
From the Paper
"Steinbeck wrote of two main characters, George and Lennie. It is apparent, from the opening pages of the book that George and Lennie have led difficult lives, but that between them there is an immense hope for change in the future. Their shared dream is to own their own place where they can be proud members of society, rather than laborers that never realize reward for their work. Yet, also in the opening pages of the book, it is evident that there are two factors that may affect their pursuit of their dream and these are the mental health of Lennie and the social position of the pair that likens them to animals, rather than human beings."
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The Living-Wage Debate, 2008.
An analysis and evaluation of two opposing viewpoints on the living-wage laws debate.
1,891 words (approx. 7.6 pages), 2 sources, MLA, £ 36.95
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Abstract
The paper examines M. Hurd's support for living-wage legislation and R. Berman's arguments against living-wage laws in "Do Living-wage Laws Help Poor Workers?". The paper analyzes both viewpoints and concludes that Berman is more convincing in his arguments against living-wage laws. The paper explains that Berman uses facts to reinforce his claims while Hurd relies mainly on anecdotal accounts. The paper therefore takes the position that the well-intentioned efforts to increase the income of a few poor workers has an overall negative effect upon this class of low-skilled employees.
Outline:
Analysis
Evaluation
Rebuttal
Polemic
From the Paper
"The adoption of living-wage laws by nearly one hundred cities and counties is a benefit to the local economies, thus is the conclusion of Maude Hurd, President of Association of Community Organizations for Reform Now (ACORN), when she states, "When workers earn enough to support themselves, taxpayers spend less on food stamps, housing assistance, Earned Income Tax Credits, on other handouts" (Hurd, "Do Living-wage Laws Help Poor Workers?".). Beyond the economic benefits, there is a general community wide enhancement when, as Hurd claims, "Communities benefit from less crime, more homeownership and increased time to parents to spend with their kids" (Hurd, n.p.). The direct and indirect benefits of living wage regulation are realized by the local economy, local and federal governments, employers and families, these are the conclusions made by Hurd in urging additional jurisdictions to embrace this concept and enact legislation mandating the payment of a living wage to all low income workers."
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Culturally Competent Care, 2008.
This paper examines standards and policies of care that are sensitive to the ethnocultural needs of the patient.
3,308 words (approx. 13.2 pages), 11 sources, APA, £ 57.95
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Abstract
The paper discusses the importance of culturally competent care in the hospital. The paper looks at the gap in health insurance coverage in various ethnic groups and examines the standards of the present health policies in effect today. The paper also presents strategies to improve culturally-sensitive care. The paper concludes that there are few concrete policies that categorically address the plight of minorities and therefore it is the ethical responsibility of policy-makers to look out for their welfare.
Outline:
Introduction
Theoretical Framework
Population
Population Vulnerability
Standards of Met and Unmet Cultural Competence
Impacts on Nursing Care Delivery
Solutions
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Culturally competent care in the health workplace setting of a hospital involves the provision of effective and timely care that is sensitive to the ethnocultural needs of the client or patient. This type of care, while sensitive to the needs of people with different ethnocultural backgrounds, must not, at the same time, become biased in its provision of care, either by policy, protocol or other barriers that prevent equality in care. This means that, while unique sets of people with diverse cultural and ethnic backgrounds have equally unique care needs, this should not be the basis for justifications of providers to relegate culturally-sensitive initiatives to lesser priority over others."
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Poverty and Policy in Canada, 2008.
This paper looks at how the writer's attitudes towards poverty have changed after reading the first four chapters of "Poverty and the Modern Welfare State" by Raphael, Dennis.
1,272 words (approx. 5.1 pages), 1 source, MLA, £ 26.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer explores some of his previous misconceptions held regarding poverty and policy in Canada and also details how this course has produced a reconsideration regarding his hitherto unshakable faith in globalization and in free markets. The writer delves into a personal opinion of what it means for Canada that so many groups and individuals are poverty-stricken and further asserts why it is that the GINI coefficient detailed in the textbook is the most effective measure for gauging poverty insofar as it crystallizes how so many Canadians are falling behind in an ostensible age of plenty. The writer concludes that the troubled groups discussed in chapter three are not poor because they choose to be but because our society has done a poor job of "spreading the wealth" - and an even worse job of acknowledging the reality of widespread poverty.
From the Paper
"When I first began this course, I was, by my own admission, a pretty naive person when it came to poverty in Canada. For one thing, I did not really consider poverty to be a serious or pervasive problem in this land; I also did not appreciate just how pervasive has become child poverty. Moreover, I must say that I never really considered the serious democratic threat that poverty represents; to put it another way, the most disenfranchised people in our society are invariably the poorest, and that is something most Canadians, myself certainly included fail to appreciate when we complain about low voter turnout at election time or when we complain about the relatively low participation rates of some groups. One other belief I held as I entered the course was the curious belief that there is no correlation between government "tolerating" poverty and high poverty rates; rather, I clung to the fiction that, as long as a society embraced equal opportunity for all, poverty rates would never climb relative to other societies that, on the surface, seemed less ideologically committed to the old view that people could achieve anything - as long as government stayed out of their lives and as long as they were prepared to work tirelessly towards a long-term goals."
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