| Papers [169-182] of 1055 :: [Page 13 of 76] | | Go to page : <— 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 —> | |
|
|
Research Designs, 2007.
This paper explores the difference between quantitative and qualitative research.
808 words (approx. 3.2 pages), 2 sources, MLA, £ 16.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
The paper discusses the quantitative approach and the qualitative approach to researching data. The paper looks at types of data collected, instruments used to collect the data, fundamental differences in how both types of research are conducted and procedures used to analyze the data. The paper provides at least four examples for both types of research methods.
From the Paper
"Quantitative research reveals information that is subjective because the participants' input serves as the primary source of information to the researcher (Creswell, 2001). Types of data collected in quantitative research include the answers that are given when it comes to surveys, the statistical information that can be found either through the use of surveys or through a more expanded study, the comparison data that can be collected between one individual or group and another, and data that is raw and needs to be coded on a yes/no type of basis, as opposed to the longer answers that are often collected and analyzed in qualitative research where the opinions of the subjects are generally examined."
| |
|
Scientific Innovation and Ethics, 2007.
Discussion of the fine line between scientific research and ethics.
750 words (approx. 3.0 pages), 2 sources, APA, £ 15.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
This paper explores controversial scientific research and the ethical questions it often raises. The paper itself is a brief discussion of the moral considerations some feel are raised by computer-assisted research. The author proposes that controversial research should not be stopped, but rather supervised by an expert, especially when the research has the capability of improving life. The author concludes, however, that finding an expert supervisor, whose opinions would be respected by opposing sides, would be the ultimate challenge.
From the Paper
" An even better question would be why stop this research in the first place? One of the reasons why curtailing this type of research should be done would be if it was against the law, short-sighted that said law would be, or not. In an effort to stop ongoing research in this field of study from getting to "out of hand", laws banning this type of research may be created and then implemented. The result(s) of such a law, or laws, would be to force the doctor(s) conducting the research to go overseas to conduct the research where such laws would not be in effect."
| |
|
Eco-Fuels, 2006.
A discussion regarding oil and possible alternative sources of energy.
1,443 words (approx. 5.8 pages), 5 sources, MLA, £ 28.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
This paper takes a look at oil as a finite energy source. The paper discusses the need to find alternate energy resources of both renewable and non renewable natures. The paper reviews the different sources currently available like hydropower, solar energy, thermal energy, nuclear energy, coal.
Outline:
Thesis Statement
Introduction
Background
Conclusions
From the Paper
"Alternatives: The drawbacks in bio diesels made environmentalist concentrate on cheap and easy to make eco fuels. Eco- fuels are touted as the free energy that is not only renewable but is also harmless for the environment as they do not cause any emissions. These eco fuels can generally be made and stored at home meaning that consumer just by incurring some cost on machines and systems can fulfill their energy needs. Today technology can be used to make convert simple products like turds into methane. Some of these technologies require only some efforts on consumers' parts as they are mostly do-it-yourself ventures. There are methods available that make use of hydrogen per oxide to increase the fuel efficiency of the engines of the vehicles. Not only vehicles can be run but using these eco fuels home heating and cooling and power production can also be done. Even alcohol can be used to heat up homes and to cook food. There are organizations and individuals working for the cause and they have developed different easy to implement techniques and methods to use cheap and easily available materials to fulfill different energy needs."
| |
|
Organizational Trust, 2006.
An in-depth discussion regarding trust in a law enforcement workplace.
10,671 words (approx. 42.7 pages), 24 sources, MLA, £ 126.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
This paper focuses on the area of trust in the organizational aspect, and specifically in a law enforcement organization. The paper looks at how one obtains and maintains trust in a law enforcement organization, as well as trust in some personal aspects. This paper also evaluates the universal definition of trust or the lack there of. Furthermore, the research discusses the different types and levels of trust that exists in everyday relationships and organizational relationships, as well as what the significance of these relationships is. The paper further discusses how the more trust an employee has in the organization, employer and co-workers, the better performance and dedication to work is.
Outline:
Chapter 1: Review of the Literature
Chapter 2: Review of Current Research
Conclusion and Recommendations
From the Paper
"The accumulated findings of the working group's conferences and workshops informed the Foundations recent invitation for research proposals. The Foundation aims to fund focused, empirical investigations of trust in concrete social scenarios - such as doctor-patient relations, or the relationship between elected officials and their constituents - where trust, or the lack of it, has clear, measurable consequences. To qualify for funding, these investigations will have to provide an explicit, theoretical account of the function of trust, together with a plausible strategy for testing the theory empirically. Three full proposals were funded in November 1999, together with four smaller exploratory proposals looking at trust in public bureaucracies, trust in physician-patient relationships, the risks of trust, and the faith people place in third party information when evaluating a potential partner's trustworthiness. ("Examining the Role of Trust in Society," 2000, p. 328)"
| |
|
Literature review and critique, 2007.
An analysis of the article "Suicide-Homicide Temporal Interrelationship, Links with Other Fatalities, and Environmental Physical Activity" by Stoupel et al.
1,785 words (approx. 7.1 pages), 3 sources, MLA, £ 33.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
This paper analyzes the article "Suicide-Homicide Temporal Interrelationship, Links with Other Fatalities, and Environmental Physical Activity" by Stoupel et al. The paper shows that while the article relates different factors such as suicide and homicide to external environmental factors, it does not present an entirely convincing case on a number of scientific and academic levels. It suggests that there are too many areas where valid and scientific questions have not been answered and that the article does not adequately deal with the times that there is a wider range of possibilities in the variables used.
Table of Contents:
Introduction
Assessment
Sources
Argument
Methodology
Analysis and Discussion
Summary and Conclusion
From the Paper
"The above article has both positive and negative aspects. From a positive point of view the investigation of a rather unorthodox theory about extreme human behavior is to be applauded. There is some proof and evidence that geophysical aspects can and do have an influence on human behavior. It is also important in science not to become closed to other possibilities and theories and this is a theory or hypothesis may have great value for the understanding human behavior. It can also have a profound influence on understanding aspects of society such as of criminal behavior and other psychological and sociological aspects of human behavior."
| |
|
APA and MLA Writing Styles, 2007.
This paper compares and contrasts the MLA and APA styles of citation.
791 words (approx. 3.2 pages), 5 sources, MLA, £ 16.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
This paper presents the two most common forms of citation styles, the APA and MLA styles. The author describes when these formats are used and in which disciplines. The importance of using citations is also discussed as is the problem of plagiarism. The differences between the two citation styles are illustrated through the examples of title pages, in-text citations and bibliographies.
Outline:
Usage of Citation Method
Document Format
In-Text Citation
Works Cited
Footnotes and Endnotes
Conclusion
Works Cited
From the Paper
"The Modern Language Association was begun in 1883 as a form of collaboration for those in the scholarly arena (Modern Language Association 2004). The standards for the citation of resources in scholarly writings was the outcome of such an effort to create a standard and formal method of giving credit to the authors whose work is utilized in an academic manner. Currently, the sixth edition is available. Most usage of MLA is found in the liberal arts and humanities (Stolley 2006). "
| |
|
Analysis of "Culture and the Evolutionary Process", 2007.
An analysis of "Culture and the Evolutionary Process" by Robert Boyd and Peter Richerson.
1,059 words (approx. 4.2 pages), 5 sources, APA, £ 22.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
This paper ananlyzes the hypotheses presented in Robert Boyd and Peter Richerson's seminal work "Culture and the Evolutionary Process." The reviewer considers assumptions presented in the book which underline the relationship between science and culture in promoting human evolution. The paper also shows links between Boyd and Richardson and earlier research in the field. The reviewer concludes that the discussions and analyses in "Culture and the Evolutionary Process" uncovers explanations and generates further understanding of how humans and human society came about, and continues to develop in the present.
From the Paper
"Boyd and Richerson provide two general assumptions that lead to their hypothesis, which posits that science and culture significantly influence each other in understanding the human evolutionary process. In the words of the authors, "process-oriented "scientific" analyses help us understand how history works, and "historical" data are essential to test scientific hypotheses about how populations and societies change" "
| |
|
Research Designs--A Review, 2007.
This paper reviews two pieces of literature regarding the debate between qualitative and quantitative research.
834 words (approx. 3.3 pages), 2 sources, APA, £ 17.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
This paper discusses and contrasts qualitative research as opposed to quantitative research by reviewing two articles. The first article entitled "The Qualitative-Quantitative Debate" by A.K. Trochim argues that there is very little difference between the two types of research, despite the conflict, since all qualitative data can be coded quantitatively. S. Ferch also explores the difference between quantitative and qualitative research in the article "Quantitative versus Qualitative Research: An Attempt to Clarify the Problem." The writer feels the most insightful finding Ferch discovers is that research is conducted in the real world, and therefore often does not fit into the ideal paradigms of either/ or research methodology exactly. The reviewer concludes that the debate over qualitative versus quantitative is moot, since both authors found those who rely on qualitative measures must use quantitative measures in their analysis and vice versa.
Outline:
Introduction
Literature Review
Method
Results
Discussion
References
From the Paper
"The researchers both used qualitative and quantitative methods for proving their point that neither research type can stand alone in the real world; however no data, other than their own experiential data was collected. Therefore, the sample size was considerably small. They used this data to generalize their unique findings to demonstrate the connectivity between the two methods."
| |
|
Stem Cell Research Proposal, 2005.
A research proposal regarding the future of stem cell research.
1,931 words (approx. 7.7 pages), 4 sources, MLA, £ 36.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
This proposal outlines a plan to research the future of stem cell research. According to the paper, stem cell research is an extremely volatile topic worldwide due to the abilities it can potentially create for the medical field. The plan proposes to explore the history of stem cell research, the uses it currently offers, the controversy surrounding its use and what the future of the field seems to be.
Outline:
Summary
Introduction
The Problem
Objectives
Proposed Procedure
Library
Experts
Survey
Data Collection
Task Target
Budget
From the Paper
"Studies have been conducted for the purpose of identifying the most pressing ethical issues in the area of stem cell research. These studies have aimed their objective at helping to inform the issue of policy making by providing the ethical questions in research format. While these are important studies that have answered many of the more pressing questions the measurement of public feelings and support are what will ultimately drive the policy decisions regarding stem cell research. A recent Canadian study targeted a population of participants who were sent email messages asking them to provide their feelings and ideas about what the most pressing issues surrounding stem cell research are. "Responses were collated and categorized under broad topic areas. The topics were then reviewed by a panel of experts through teleconference discussions(Ogbogu, 2006)."
| |
|
Prison Health Care, 2006.
This paper analyzes peer-reviewed literature to evaluate a qualitative study by John Doyle (1999) concerning the factors that tend to influence psychiatric nursing practice in prisons.
1,850 words (approx. 7.4 pages), 10 sources, APA, £ 35.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
This paper explains that the skyrocketing prison population has caused the delivery of quality health care services to suffer. The author points out that the research indicates that, in the midst of a untenable environment, health care providers are faced with the dual dilemma of trying to delivery quality health care services to a disproportionately mentally ill and elderly prison population, while simultaneously trying to ensure their own personal safety. The paper indicates that the qualitative study by J. Doyle (1999) did not result in any earth-shattering findings but was found to be timely and a good starting point for future studies of this nature. The paper includes several embedded quotations.
Table of Contents:
Review and Discussion
Problem
Study Purpose
Research Question
Study Design
Subjects and Setting.
Data Collection Methods
Data Analysis Procedures
Strengths and Limitations
Conclusion
From the Paper
"What is the problem the study was conducted to resolve? According to a recent report from the Bureau of Justice Statistics, in spite of a general decline in crime across the country, the United States continues to incarcerate more of its citizens than any other developed nation in the world. In fact, the nation's prison population increases by 900 inmates each week, and between mid-2003 and mid-2004, the nation's prisons and jails held 2.1 million people, or approximately one in every 138 U.S. residents. By June 30, 2005, there were 48,000 more inmates, or 2.3 percent, more than 2004, according to the latest figures from the Bureau of Justice Statistics."
| |
|
Research Evaluation: Interns' Extended Work Shifts, 2006.
This paper analyzes research by Barger et.al. entitled "Extended Work Shifts and the Risk of Motor Vehicle Crashes among Interns".
1,660 words (approx. 6.6 pages), 8 sources, APA, £ 31.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
This paper explains that the purpose of the Berger study was to validate concerns regarding the association between extended work shifts and driving safety among postgraduate physicians by using the follwoing hypothesis: "Are the vehicle collisions and/or near accidents reported by medical interns directly caused by or associated with working extended shifts?" The author points out that the major scientific strengths of this study were that the data did reveal a direct correlation between medical interns working extended hours and unsafe driving and the convergence of the crash results used two independent methods of exposure-data collection, both of which supported the hypothesis. The paper relates that the study had a number of scientific limitations: Participating interns may not have been representative of this population and the case-crossover analysis cannot account for the contribution of within-person factors that may have been co-variables with exposure status.
Table of Contents:
Problem, Study Purpose & Research Question
Hypothesis & Study Variables
Conceptual Model/Theoretical Framework &Literature Review & Study Design
Sample & Setting
Extraneous Variables
Study Instruments and Tools & Data Collection Methods
Data Analysis Procedures & Strengths & Limitations
From the Paper
"The data collection methods used were appropriate for the study, although they had several limitations. Advertisements announcing the study and its' monetary incentive were sent via email to interns matched to a residency by the National Resident Matching Program and to graduates of United States medical schools. Responses to questions regarding work hours, extended duration shifts, motor vehicle crashes, near-miss accidents, and incidents of involuntary sleeping behind the wheel were collected."
| |
|
Effects of Parental Smoking, 2007.
This paper presents a research design for a study about the effects of parental smoking.
2,179 words (approx. 8.7 pages), 2 sources, APA, £ 39.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
This paper analyzes and discusses the outline for a study about the effects of parental smoking on children. In particular, it focuses on the research question of whether children of smokers tend to become smokers themselves. Various statistics related to the dangers of smoking are presented. The author states that research gathered from the questionnaires and other methods would be used to help young smokers to overcome their addiction.
Outline:
Introduction
Problems of the Study
Objectives of the Study
Hypothesis
Significance of the Study
Subjects of the Study
Limitations of the Study
Ethical Considerations
Measurements
Data Collection Methods
Analysis
Works Cited
From the Paper
"Despite these facts, smoking is still one of the most common vice among people nowadays. More and more people are becoming "addicted" to it, this include youngsters and the old ones. In the US alone, statistics shows that 80% of smokers start smoking before they reach the age of 21 (http://unr.edu/homepage/shubinsk/whosmok1.html, 1999). Furthermore, there are also various studies that were conducted proving that one in five high school seniors smoke daily and 70% of the total high school student population has tried cigarettes, while 3000 teenagers start smoking each day (http://unr.edu/homepage/shubinsk/whosmok1.html, 1999)."
| |
|
Human Subjects' Protection, 2007.
An analysis of the role of The Office for Human Research Protections and the Institutional Review Boards for all human-subject research.
1,183 words (approx. 4.7 pages), 14 sources, MLA, £ 23.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
This paper discusses the role of The Office for Human Research Protections in the United States, which was expanded in 2000 to oversee not only federally funded tests, but all human-subject research. The paper describes the challenges of the changes that were introduced and how they can be addressed. It then discusses the Institutional Review Boards (IRB) and their role. The paper concludes by discussing the consequences of opposing the local IRB mandated training for researchers. The paper contains a large section of original source documents appended to the paper.
Table of Contents:
I. Introduction
From a Yelp to a Roar
II. Challenges to Changes
III. Either you be . . .
From the Paper
"Institutional Review Boards (IRBs), created by universities and academic medical centers, establish committees called to review experimental protocols involving humans. Traditionally, as federal regulations were regarded as performance-based guidelines, IRBs discretionally acted on a protocol-by-protocol basis. Temporary shutdown of several academic IRBs during the past few years, along with the ensuing cessation of clinical research, encouraged administrators and researchers to begin to better protect subjects enrolled in trials, in order to move forward with their research projects. (Wynes, Martin, and Skorton)"
| |
|
Qualitative Research Methods, 2007.
A comparison of the methods used in quantitative versus qualitative research.
1,846 words (approx. 7.4 pages), 17 sources, MLA, £ 35.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
This paper analyzes qualitative research methods and compares it to the methods used in quantitative research. The paper specifically focuses on two articles which discuss food safety and correct handling procedures - "Food-Handlers' Beliefs and Self-Reported Practices" by D.A. Clayton, C.J. Griffith, P. Price and A.C. Peters and "Factors Impacting Food Workers' and Managers' Safe Food Preparation Practices: A Qualitative Study", by L.R. Green and C. Selman. This paper compares the methods used in each articles and discusses what makes one quantitative and one qualitative in its methods.
From the Paper
"Qualitative research has grown somewhat in the last several years, as new ideas have been tried and expanded upon (Wolcott, 1995). This is significant for many individuals that are working on research projects today, because qualitative research has become much more widely used and also much more widely respected than it was in the past. Social science areas of research have used and respected qualitative methods for some time, but it has not been that long ago that other areas of research started becoming more involved with the qualitative method as well (Denzin & Lincoln, 2000). The quantitative method is still very necessary for many of the areas of research that are seen today, as statistics are necessary, but the move toward more qualitative areas of research is significant and worth noting (Wolcott, 1995; Flyvbjerg, 2006; Denzin & Lincoln, 2000)."
|
|
|
