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Alcoholism and Police Officers, 2008.
This paper reviews the issue of alcoholism among police officers.
1,628 words (approx. 6.5 pages), 6 sources, APA, £ 37.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer looks at the correlation between occupational stress and alcoholism. The writer discusses what police departments can do to mitigate the spread of alcoholism among its officers. The writer also looks at how alcoholism among police officers impacts local communities and tears at the fabric of police families. The paper then suggests what educational and diversionary approaches should be put in place in order to thwart alcoholism from becoming an insuperable problem that can ruin lives and drive a wedge between police/community relations.
From the Paper
"Another thing that Nordlicht's study reveals is just how toxic can be the unreasonable and unhealthy expectations foisted upon police officers by an authoritarian command structure that demands unblinking obedience, a "stiff" facade, and emotional distance in almost all circumstances. Clearly, police administrators who fear that their officers are succumbing to alcoholism need to look closely at how they expect officers to act with one another and with the general public; in other words, if police officers are expected by their superiors to be severe, emotionally withdrawn, fairly unapproachable, and relatively uncommunicative with the public and with each other, then emotional problems can begin to well up as the stresses of the job - stresses which demand that officers confide in someone - start to exact their toll. Consequently, police officials should make every effort to create a collegial atmosphere wherein communication is valued; at the same time, they should also institute community policing programs (if they have not done so already) that bring police officers more nearly into contact with community members. By doing this, by establishing a cooperative relationship with the local neighborhood or precinct, police officers can break down whatever barriers may exist between themselves and the public and make their days a little less stressful simply because they have personal relationships in place now that make their jobs just a little bit easier. Without question, steps such as these will lessen the stresses which can make turning to drink an attractive option."
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Philanthropic and Business Values, 2008.
This paper explores business and philanthropic values as it pertains to the homeless in Calgary.
1,546 words (approx. 6.2 pages), 4 sources, APA, £ 35.95
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Abstract
The paper outlines the notable characteristics of philanthropic and business values by looking at two articles. The paper presents an interview conducted with three individuals representing the government, the philanthropic community and the business sector. The paper outlines the barriers, opportunities, risks and rewards these individuals feel people should be aware of as they attempt to make multi-sector collaborations work. The paper illustrates the challenges the city of Calgary faces as it comes to terms with its growing homeless problem.
From the Paper
"In her extensive investigation of philanthropic and business values and how the two often diverge (and occasionally, perhaps unwittingly, converge), Marion Peters Angelica (2002a) writes that philanthropy is based upon the religious ideal - found in all the great religions of the world - that it is better to give than to receive and that the most noble work is that work dedicated to the betterment of the larger community and to the amelioration of the plight of the vulnerable/infirm. Within the American context, Peters (2002a) points out that there is a long tradition of involuntary associations springing up which have made it their fundamental objective to serve the needs of the downtrodden; to wit, over time philanthropic corporations (most notably hospitals, but also educational institutions) emerged in America and their rise to prominence was joined by the advent of philanthropic foundations devoted to distributing the great wealth of prominent American families and individuals."
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The Compassionate Conservative Movement, 2008.
An analysis of Ronald Reagan's policies and their relationship to the compassionate conservative movement.
2,332 words (approx. 9.3 pages), 7 sources, MLA, £ 49.95
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Abstract
This paper explores the ideas and aims of President Ronald Reagan. It discusses the concept of him as the originator of the compassionate conservative movement. The paper then aims to demonstrate that while Reagan's ideas were appealing to the general population of the United States, they did not have inherent validity when contrasted against the methods that Reagan and his Administration used to administer reforms under compassionate conservatives. It suggests that, in fact, adherence to Reagan's ideas of compassion penalized the average American citizen. The paper provides the writer's opinion on the issue.
Table of Contents:
Introduction
The Idea of the Compassionate Conservative
The Execution of Compassionate Conservative Policies
Analysis of the Ideas of Compassionate Conservatism
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Reagan's party platform of Compassionate Conservatism was founded on ideas with significant appeal for the average American. It is easy to believe that exploitation occurs: every time I pay my taxes, I regret that I have no real control over how my taxpayers spend the money I have worked so hard to earn. The message of a politician who would work in my best interests to eliminate wasteful spending and to keep my money out of the hands who have done nothing to earn it is undeniably appealing. There is nothing inherently wrong with the idea of a Compassionate Conservative. The problem is in the execution: Reagan's policies sounded phenomenal but did little beyond endorsing strategies to improve the quality of life of the upper class and businesses, while penalizing persons who needed assistance. In my opinion, this does not demonstrate compassion. This demonstrates a keen eye for salesmanship."
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The Illinois Children's Mental Health Act of 2003, 2008.
This paper describes the Illinois Children's Mental Health Act of 2003 as an example of public policy process.
2,380 words (approx. 9.5 pages), 10 sources, APA, £ 50.95
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Abstract
This paper relates that the Illinois Children's Mental Health Act of 2003 creates legislative policy stipulating that a mental health plan, which includes intervention and prevention, will be developed in the state for all children from the age of birth to 18. The author points out that the state desires to implement social education relating to mental health care to change attitudes negatively impacting children with mental problems. The paper concludes that the policy process is a long and extensive venture and that it takes a great deal of commitment to the policy's ideas in order to realize its goals. The author stresses that, when creating policy, the initiators must continue to work with the issues until they have been implemented because, when others take control of the plans, the policy will be altered in a manner that was not intended.
From the Paper
"The inclusion of the focus on academic achievement and the Illinois education system in the Act may indicate that there is a hidden agenda connected to the legislation. As stipulated in the Act there is a concern that the mental illness of students adversely affects their "academic readiness and school success." While there is no doubt that all Americans desire their children to be considered high academic achievers, it should also be considered that, under the federal No Child Left Behind Act (NCLB), school districts are required to ensure that students can pass standardized tests in order for the schools to remain operational."
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Community Economic Development, 2007.
An examination of impact models as educational devices in
community economic development initiatives.
1,388 words (approx. 5.6 pages), 6 sources, MLA, £ 32.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses an empirical economic impact model based on market research at the community and municipality level. The writer discusses the belief that communities and municipalities require effective economic impact models in order to adequately build and estimate budgets as well as to plan for future development needs. The writer proposes a community based cooperative action program that emphasizes a three component economic analysis model.
Table of Contents:
Introduction
Impact Model Applicability
Economic Impact Analysis
Economic Impact Component
Community Impact Component
Fiscal Impact Component
Three Phase Process
Conclusion
From the Paper
"The contemporary economic climate ensures that communities require ready and immediate access to information that allows them to respond more effectively to economic volatility. Community leaders as well as citizens within the community constantly are required to make decisions that impact various aspects of the community, such as business growth, dimensions of traditional industry activities, land use issues, and a host of other common community concerns (Gibbs 18). The growing observation is that all these issues and more also impact the overall economic indicators within communities as well which consist of employment/unemployment concerns, income issues such as poverty or affordable housing, or the demand for expanded public services. In researching these issues it becomes vital to identify the particular issue or problem which allows both the researcher and the community leader the ability to better address such issues specifically (Green, et al 6). Thus, developing effective economic models relies on cooperation between both researcher and, in effect, the researched."
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U.S. Defense Budgeting, 2008.
This paper describes the U.S. defense budgeting process and argues that it is complex and cluttered.
2,630 words (approx. 10.5 pages), 3 sources, MLA, £ 55.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that the strengths of the U.S. defense budgeting process are that it has many avenues for access and accountability by interested parties, ensuring that the overall military effort is essentially transparent and responsible to society. The author points out that the process allows for much waste and influence, which adds cost rather than value; thereby, the process fails to promote efficiency. The paper relates that the system is not likely to be changed radically soon because the entrenched interests can continue to win favored positions and reforming the system takes great momentum and uncommon nerve. Sources listed are in the form of endnotes.
Table of Contents:
Budgeting Concepts
Budgeting Participants
Budgeting Process
Conclusion
From the Paper
"One of the main ways that government decides on what to spend each year is through baseline budgeting. It takes what was spent in the previous year as the jumping off point and begins its deliberations on what to spend in the upcoming years based upon that. By using this method, the government can operate according to expectations that have some recent history to support claims that more money is needed or less can be done with. It looks at how things went in the past year and decides where to beef up spending and where to cut."
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Mandatory Health Insurance in Oregon, 2007.
An analysis of Oregon's proposed mandatory health insurance policy.
2,676 words (approx. 10.7 pages), 9 sources, APA, £ 56.95
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Abstract
This paper examines the effects of imposing mandatory health insurance laws on all citizens of the state of Oregon. The writer discusses the financial challenges such a law would impose on low income citizens and how these citizens, that lack the financial ability to pay for insurance, would, consequently, not be able to avoid violating a mandatory health insurance law. The paper concludes that even though the framers of mandatory health insurance do not seem to have placed much value in the potential impact of unforeseen unemployment and do not seem to have much regard for the guarantees provided under equal protection under the law, these factors are directly relevant and must be evaluated. This document appends some of the sources used in writing this paper.
Outline:
Impact/Effectiveness Analysis
Workability Analysis
Efficiency Analysis
From the Paper
"Oregon's proposed policy that would implement mandatory health insurance requires careful study and a three dimensions of feasibility analysis, primarily because several inherent provisions of this prospective law appear to be unworkable and unenforceable. A range of other potential problems exists, but a significant unforeseen problem is that criminalizing low income citizens for being unable to afford health insurance may be in conflict with the constitutional guarantee of equal protection under the law."
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Immigration and Healthcare, 2008.
This paper argues that the correlation between illegal immigration and hospital closures is unproven.
2,316 words (approx. 9.3 pages), 11 sources, MLA, £ 49.95
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Abstract
In this article the writer discusses the issue of illegal immigration and health care in the US. The writer notes that one aspect of this issue is that illegal immigration is blamed for the deteriorating quality of health care in the Unites States. Specifically, the writer points out that illegal immigration is often blamed for the closing of hospitals. This essay examines hospital closures in California, an area hard-hit by the influx of illegal aliens. The writer concludes that illegal immigration and its attendant costs played only a minimal role in recent hospital closures, so that the link between immigration and hospital closure is, at best, not proven.
From the Paper
"The cost of care that a hospital must provide before it can safely discharge a patient can be very extensive and extremely expensive. In the first case in which the United States Supreme Court dealt with EMTALA, the patient was life-flighted to a hospital. In emergency surgery, doctors removed her spleen. She then remained in acute care, on a ventilator, for some two months. At the point when the hospital was about to transfer her to a nursing home, she developed severe complications and had to be returned to acute care for an additional six months."
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Civic Engagement, 2007.
This paper discusses nuclear weapons and looks at the influence of civic
engagement on arms control.
1,280 words (approx. 5.1 pages), 10 sources, MLA, £ 30.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer notes that an examination of civic engagement in global public policy demonstrates that citizens have increasingly joined transnational networks to try to influence policy and bring about change. The writer points out that some of these campaigns have been very successful, some have had mixed success, and some failed to achieve their goals altogether. The writer discusses that in the 1980's, the civic engagement of millions of people to reduce the nuclear arsenals of the United States and the Soviet Union was a mixed success, for significant nuclear arms reductions were achieved, but nuclear war is still a threat to the survival of humanity. The writer maintains that many aspects of this civic engagement need to be examined and analyzed, not only because these efforts helped to end the Cold War, but because similar efforts are needed today to prevent new nuclear arms races from developing, both regionally and globally.
The writer concludes that examining civic engagement in global public policy demonstrates that concerned citizens have increasingly participated in transnational efforts to try to influence policy and effect change. The paper includes an annotated bibliography.
From the Paper
"Criteria such as the signing and ratification of these treaties confirms the success of this civic engagement campaign, as does documented evidence that the nuclear arsenals of the two superpowers were reduced by fifty-percent in many strategic and tactical weapons categories, while other categories such as short-range and medium range nuclear ballistic missiles were eliminated entirely. This was all achieved without any direct participation by citizens in international decision-making forums, and was produced primarily through domestic political pressure."
"This campaign was legitimate, for the nuclear arms race had escalated for decades after the first atomic bombs were developed, and the nuclear arsenals of the two superpowers consisted of more than forty-thousand nuclear warheads by the early 1980's."
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New Public Management, 2007.
A discussion of G. Inwood's "Understanding Canadian Public Administration", which examines Canada's new public management (NPM) model.
909 words (approx. 3.6 pages), 2 sources, APA, £ 22.95
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Abstract
The paper examines G. Inwood's "Understanding Canadian Public Administration", which explores whether the model of new public management will suit the Canadian environment. The paper looks at Inwood's discussion regarding whether Canadian citizens will support these changes. The paper shows how in terms of Inwood's arguments, the new public management model is justified; Inwood maintains that even if Canadians object to these policy changes, in the end they will accept it.
Outline:
Introduction
What Has Gone Before
Usual Responses
Concluding Remarks
From the Paper
"What is being called New Public Management (NPM) is possibly long overdue in Canada but will have results that are unpredictable. In view of a changed global and national environment since the early 1990s, NPM is needed, as attempted in other countries moving towards neo-liberal finance and planning. However, it is unclear as to whether it will suit the unique Canadian environment. The study of Public Administration has always made much of three goals in effectiveness, efficiency and accountability. NPM, by borrowing from private sector, corporate ideals of management is claimed to promise greater effectiveness and efficiency in terms of delivering services to citizens who are conceptualized as clients. Accountability is particularly stressed. (See Inwood:2004: Ch 12) Nevertheless, NPM also means a shift from Canada's 'generalist' public service to a more 'technical' model as found for many years in the United States. This means a large but probably positive change in an immense, varied country."
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Taylor's Public Sphere, 2007.
This paper critically analyzes Charles Taylor's views about the public sphere in his book, "Modern Social Imaginaries".
1,106 words (approx. 4.4 pages), 2 sources, MLA, £ 26.95
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Abstract
The paper examines how Charles Taylor describes the nature of modern social organization in his book "Modern Social Imaginaries". The paper details Taylor's arguments of the public sphere in order to determine whether his descriptions seem to represent a realistic depiction of how modern political organization is constituted. The paper analyzes Taylor's argument based upon an analysis of Ursula Franklin's work describing the role that technology plays in modern life. The paper concludes that in light of Franklin's theories, Taylor's argument becomes almost irrelevant.
Outline:
The Relation between "Social Imaginary" and the "Public Sphere"
The Characteristics of the Public Sphere
A Critique Based on Technology
From the Paper
"In his book Modern Social Imaginaries, Charles Taylor describes the nature of modern social organization by defining its background understandings and its practical forms and characterizations. He argues that the public sphere is an extrapolitical, metatopical common space in which individuals come together to exchange ideas that serve to form their body politics, and then hold that political organization accountable for their common understandings of what they represent as a people. The public sphere, according to Taylor's formulation, is informed by and informing of a public's social imaginary, or its set of shared understandings about itself and its power relations."
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Social Policy Options, 2007.
This paper examines policy options regarding homeless African-Americans.
1,150 words (approx. 4.6 pages), 3 sources, APA, £ 27.95
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Abstract
The paper looks at the issue of homelessness as it impacts African-Americans and provides some possible policy options that might alleviate this social illness. The paper examines a minimum wage policy and proposes efforts to turn local abandoned areas into sites for low-cost housing projects. The paper concludes that money can be diverted from public sector wages into the programs regulating labor practices and the subsidization of housing initiatives.
From the Paper
"To begin with, a budgeting policy must have proper checks and balances in place. In most college systems, budgetary overview is the responsibility of the Finance Committee of a Board of Management or the Finance Committee of a Board of Directors (Motherwell College 2000). In the case of a municipality that is attempting to successfully grapple with African-American homelessness, it seems intuitive that budgetary overview should be partly the responsibility of a Housing Commission or of a Sub-Committee devoted to addressing social ills."
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Canada and Malaria, 2007.
This paper discusses how Canada is lacking in its surveillance and control of malaria.
2,687 words (approx. 10.7 pages), 8 sources, MLA, £ 56.95
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Abstract
The paper relates that Canada has experienced an excessively high incidence of malaria in contrast to all other industrialized nations. The paper examines the host characteristics of the disease, the environment, the agent responsible and the natural history of malaria to highlight the problems that develop if a comprehensive epidemiological analysis is not conducted. The paper shows how in comparison with the United States, Canada appears to be unaware of how to undertake adequate surveillance and how to implement control mechanisms. The paper also emphasizes the importance of public health education related to malaria infection.
Outline:
Introduction
Prevalence
Host Characteristics
Environment
Agent
Natural History
Future Research
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Malaria is a parasitic infection with high prevalence around the world, including affluent nations. The focus of this paper will be Canada because this country has experienced an excessively high incidence of malaria in contrast to all other industrialized nations (MacLean & Demers, 2004). Canada's high incidence of infections corresponds to the deficiencies in its surveillance and public education programs. The two provinces most vulnerable to malaria infection are British Columbia and Ontario. It was only because of research conducted outside of the Canadian surveillance system that the source of two epidemics was identified."
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Policy Analysis, 2007.
A review of Eugene Bardach's "A Practical Guide For Policy Analysis".
804 words (approx. 3.2 pages), 1 source, MLA, £ 19.95
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Abstract
The paper reviews "A Practical Guide For Policy Analysis," where Eugene Bardach discusses a holistic approach to understanding and analyzing public policy. The paper presents an outline of Bardach's argument and his eight steps to policy analysis. The paper is of the opinion that Bardach's book presents an accessible and useful tool for understanding the policy analysis and design process.
Outline:
Bardach's Eightfold Path
Assessment and Conclusion
From the Paper
"In A Practical Guide For Policy Analysis, Eugene Bardach discusses a holistic approach to understanding and analyzing public policy that is designed to challenge the profession of public administration so that policy is made through compromise and consensus-building with the public interest at the center. Bardach claims that it is necessary to maintain an "eightfold path" to policy analysis and design that is defined by the following steps: (1) Define problem, (2) Assemble evidence, (3) Construct alternatives, (4) Select criteria, (5) Project outcomes, (6) Confront tradeoffs, (7) Decide, (8) Tell story. After outlining the process he believes necessary, Bardach turns his attention to the proactive implementation, discussing data collection means and methods and best practices for administration."
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