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Karen Horney, 2008.
An in-depth overview of Karen Horney's psychoanalytic social theory.
2,461 words (approx. 9.8 pages), 13 sources, APA, £ 47.95
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Abstract
The paper explores Karen Horney's theories of personality, neurosis and sexuality and explains her emphasis on social, cultural and interpersonal dimensions of personality development and neuroses. The paper highlights the importance of her divergence from the speculative views and theories of Freudian psychology.
Outline:
Introduction
Overview of the Theory of Personality
From the Paper
"The work of Karen Horney is recognized as an extremely significant contribution to the theory of personality. Her work is also acclaimed in the area of psychoanalysis and in field of feminine psychology. Horney is also known for her reformulation of Freudian theories of personality and neurosis. In essence her work is described, albeit simplistically, as presenting a,"... holistic, humanistic perspective that emphasized cultural and social influences, human growth, and the achievement of self-realization" (O'Connell & Russo, 1990, p. 184)
"Karen Honey was also the first woman to present a paper on feminine psychology at an international conference. However, more importantly, "she pioneered and developed a feminine psychology that provided a new way of thinking about women" (O'Connell & Russo, 1990, p. 184). She is credited with opening " new frontiers" in the conceptualization of personality and in psychoanalysis, which influenced a diverse range of theories, theorists and psychoanalytic practitioners; including humanists, cognitive therapists, psychoanalysts, feminists, and existentialists. (O'Connell & Russo, 1990)."
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"Why People Don't Heal", 2008.
A critical review of the book "Why People Don't Heal" by Catherine Myss.
1,520 words (approx. 6.1 pages), 1 source, APA, £ 31.95
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Abstract
The paper discusses Catherine Myss' book "Why People Don't Heal" and her idea of "woundology" that is a refusal to heal by wallowing in illness and negative emotions. The paper explores how Myss attempts to provide a more positive vision of forgiveness, emotional healing and moving on from past troubles than is offered by today's culture of victimology and "woundology." The paper critically examines Myss' belief on the effect the mind has on physical ailments and points out several problems with her assertion.
From the Paper
"It's an all-too familiar scenario. You meet someone, and almost immediately they tell you sordid personal details about their past and private life. You feel uncomfortable because of the intimate nature of their confession, so you draw away. It has become almost inevitable in our culture of Oprah and celebrity confessions to encounter people who are willing to tell everyone why they are so 'screwed up,' and how much suffering they have endured in their past. Rather than seeing this as a potentially positive development, and an example of greater openness in our society, Catherine Myss views this as a symptom of what is wrong with the world, something she calls "woundology." "Woundology" is a refusal to heal, a refusal to seek health. It is wallowing in illness and negative emotions."
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Policing the Mentally Ill, 2008.
A research paper exploring police treatment of the homeless and mentally ill.
4,034 words (approx. 16.1 pages), 17 sources, APA, £ 69.95
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Abstract
The paper discusses the assertions that police treatment of the mentally ill is based on stereotypes, prejudice and a general lack of understanding of the complexity of mental illness. The paper considers this in light of reports that are indicative of increased police awareness and improved methodologies when dealing with these individuals. The paper explores the literature and shows how, while appropriate and necessary discretion in dealing with the mentally ill is emphasized, it is an area that has not been adequately addressed in terms of training. The paper explains the obstacles and problems relating to the interaction between police and the emotionally ill and concludes that more research is needed to establish the extent of the problem and the most appropriate procedures to deal with it from a policing point of view.
Outline:
Introduction
Overview
The Realities of Policing the Homeless Mentally Ill
The Expansion of Policing Functions
Conclusion
From the Paper
"The need for research into the intersection between policing responsibilities and chronic mentally ill Individuals is evidenced by the various prevalent areas of concern in this relationship, as it presently exists. As this section will discuss, while there are some practical and commonly accepted modes and methods within police protocol to deal with the problem of the mentally ill and particularly the homeless, this has not been refined or become integrated sufficiently to provide a fully comprehensive strategy and set of protocols to deal fully with the situation.
"There are also many assertions that police treatment of the homeless and mentally ill is based in stereotypes, prejudice and a general lack of understanding of the complexity of mental illness. There is also the allegation that police arrests have exacerbated the problem in some cases through the increase of mentally disabled persons in prisons."
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The Causes of Schizophrenia, 2008.
A paper exploring how genetics, brain damage and environmental stresses interact to cause schizophrenia.
1,663 words (approx. 6.7 pages), 7 sources, APA, £ 34.95
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Abstract
The paper discusses the complex interplay of genetic predispositions, the environment and physical factors in the development of schizophrenia. The paper then details the uncontrollable biological, genetic and environmental factors as well as the controllable genetic and nurturing factors and highlights how their role is still unclear in causing schizophrenia to manifest itself.
From the Paper
"Schizophrenia is one of the most severe chronic mental illnesses an individual can face over the course of his or her lifetime. People with schizophrenia can suffer a wide range of debilitating symptoms, including hearing voices that are not really there, feeling as if their thoughts are being controlled by outside forces, fearing that their minds can be read against their will, or they can exhibit other paranoid symptoms that alienate the individual from the rest of society. Schizophrenics often find it difficult to organize their thoughts and communicate with other people. Instead, they may speak with jumbled and disordered phrases (Spearing, 2002)."
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Labeling Theory, 2008.
This paper examines labeling theory concentrating on this issue as it relates to juvenile offenders.
5,070 words (approx. 20.3 pages), 23 sources, APA, £ 80.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer explores labeling theory and looks at its specific relevance to the condition of juvenile delinquency. The effects of negative as well as positive labeling are discussed and reviewed for its particular impact on the younger offender. Also considered is the part that labeling theory, as well as other social interactions, has played in affecting the justice system's sentencing of juvenile offenders. The writer maintains that though labeling theory focuses primarily on the negative impact on juveniles, it has also played a part in correcting many misuses of power in the justice system.
Outline:
Abstract
Conclusion
References
From the Paper
"That being said, while PEN may be a predictor of a tendency to evaluate a juvenile's environment in a more negative fashion, the adding of labeling and the stigmatization of stereotyping youthful offenders would certainly add to the overall profile of a blooming career criminal. There are, of course, opposing ideas to this framework. Some believe that labeling theorist are missing a larger piece of the puzzle when they attribute overwhelming importance to the stigma imposed by society and the labeling framework. The initial incentive for rule breaking may be caused by many sources, but labeling theorists have a tendency to believe that ongoing rule breaking is the conceptualizing of a poor self image from labeling bias."
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Crime in Charlotte-Meklenberg, 2008.
Argues that the rational theory does not explain the crime in Charlotte-Meklenberg, NC.
1,305 words (approx. 5.2 pages), 3 sources, APA, £ 27.95
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Abstract
This paper looks at the pattern in which the burglaries in the Charlotte-Meklenberg community are being committed and considers whether the burglaries can be explained in terms of the rational theory. The paper
describes the rational theory as a person acting within constraints, based on the information given about the conditions they are in, in order to achieve what they want. The paper concludes that the crimes are caused by the social behavior of teens and thus the crime is the result of a social problem, which cannot be addressed through rational theories but rather by social action theories.
From the Paper
"He admits that over the month preceding, detectives saw a pattern to the kinds of burglaries being perpetrated and they were pursuing leads. Officers made an arrest in one case that fit the pattern of recent burglaries and were interviewing the suspect to see if the burglaries were related. In one day, in the North of Mecklenburg County, four homes were broken into. All of them had similar methodology to other burglaries occurring earlier that month in the South. But the same kind of break-ins has been reported in all the other parts of the city, as well."
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Downs Syndrome and Dementia, 2008.
This paper looks at the impact that Down's syndrome has on cognitive functioning and the connection between Down's syndrome and dementia.
2,620 words (approx. 10.5 pages), 19 sources, APA, £ 49.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer maintains that, as several research studies have indicated, there is a definite relation between Down's syndrome and dementia. The writer notes that dementia typically follows as a co morbid condition among adults with Down's syndrome and has a severely crippling effect on the patient. The writer points out that though some studies show the neurobiological pathways associated with the onset of dementia in DS patients, we are still a long way from a comprehensive understanding of the mechanisms involved. The writer discusses that several researchers have focused on studying Down's syndrome and dementia as comorbid conditions and this has contributed to an improved understanding of these disorders and ineffective management of DS patients. The writer presents a brief review of existing literature on the association between these two comorbid conditions in order to provide a better understanding of the complications and the latest treatment modalities.
Outline:
Abstract
Introduction
Literature Review
Downs Syndrome - Brain Structure
Genetic Factors For Dementia In DS
Cognitive Functioning and Dementia
Proactive Screening for Dementia
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Earlier studies among healthy population have revealed that many years of education have an effect of slowing down the onset of Alzheimer's. Therefore in this study the researchers compared DS patients exhibiting symptoms of dementia and those without such symptoms and correlated them with other factors such as levels of education, recreational activities, employment, etc. In all, 35 adult subjects in the age ranging between 26 and 67 years were included for the study. All the subjects were periodically observed over 3 years and assessed for their decline based on Neuropsychological tests, reports from caregivers, and the Dementia Scale for Down syndrome. Applying the statistical tool of regression analysis, the researchers found that decline was directly related to cognitive functioning and that higher cognitive functioning implied lesser decline. It was also identified from the study that the level of cognitive functioning was by itself related to the other variables such as education, employment and other activities. "
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Violence Against Women: An Application of Theory, 2008.
An analysis of a case study of violence against women.
5,055 words (approx. 20.2 pages), 22 sources, APA, £ 80.95
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Abstract
The question of gender violence in relationships, particularly violent crimes perpetrated against females, has been the focus of media as well as criminological and psychological investigation in recent years. Various theoretical trajectories have been put forward with the aim of understanding and thereby preventing the occurrences of this type of crime. The application of social learning theory has been shown to provide invaluable insight into the deeper causative structure of these crimes. This paper investigates a single, severe example of this type of crime and analyzes it in terms of social learning theory. This analysis indicates that this theory not only provides a useful understanding of the causes of the crime but is also beneficial in terms of remedial work and rehabilitation.
Outline:
Abstract
Introduction
Case study
Etiology
Prediction and Prevention
Recommended Criminal Justice Responses
Conclusion
References
From the Paper
"On Sept. 18, 2006, John Raymond "Woody" Woodring gunned down his wife, Bonnie Woodring. The events leading to this murder are extensive and complex and relate to a series of failed relationships and marriages in John Woodring's life. All of these relationships prior to his marriage to Bonnie were characterized by abuse and violence, which often resulted in court actions and legal restrictions. When Bonnie Woodring was killed by her husband, she had in fact fled to a shelter, as she was scared of him in spite of the fact that there were restraining orders out on his movements."
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Child Development, 2008.
A look at the subject of child development.
1,333 words (approx. 5.3 pages), 9 sources, APA, £ 27.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses child development and explains how this complex subject has developed with varying views and theories. It includes ideas from theorists such as Freud, Erikson and Piaget, as well as emphasizes the parental influence in the developmental process.
Outline:
Introduction
Stages of Development
The intersection between society, environment and personality development
Conclusion
From the Paper
"The beginning of the theoretical and practical exploration of child development began in essence with the fairly recent recognition of children as developmentally unique and progressively different to adults. As one commentator notes, "Children were often viewed simply as small versions of adults and little attention was paid to the many advances in cognitive abilities, language usage, and physical growth." (Van Wagner )
"Intense interest in the field of child development really began in the early Twentieth Century. However, the tendency in earlier psychological theory, especially with regard to the theories of Sigmund Freud, was to focus on child development from the perspective of abnormal developmental issues. This stance has since been adjusted and ameliorated by many contemporary theorists, such as Piaget and Eriksson.
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Williams Syndrome, 2008.
An overview of the genetic neurodevelopmental disorder known as Williams syndrome.
1,748 words (approx. 7.0 pages), 5 sources, APA, £ 35.95
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Abstract
The paper discusses the social behavior and social characteristics of Williams syndrome as well as the differences in the brain systems and networks. The paper looks at how individuals with Williams syndrome have specific strengths and weaknesses and notes that the study of the human brain in general may gain much from the study of this syndrome.
Outline:
Abstract
Statement of Problem
Introduction
Effect, Social Behavior and Social Characteristics of WS
Brain Differences in Individuals with WS
Major Findings
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Williams Syndrome is a genetic neurodevelopmental disorder that is rare and is only recently being understood by science, and occurs in only one in 7,500 live births. This condition stems from a deletion, or genetic aberration which results in a missing hormone, on chromosome 7q11.23 and causes the individual to display physical and neuropsychological profile characteristics. Also included in the gene deletion is gene ELN, which is the gene responsible for coding important elastic protein, elastin, in connective tissues that are especially present in the larger blood vessels in the body such as the aorta."
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Cultural Meme of Educational Funding, 2008.
A discussion on the belief that that educational provision is equal to all children, in all schools, in the United States.
3,141 words (approx. 12.6 pages), 27 sources, APA, £ 57.95
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Abstract
There is a meme existing in today's society regarding education that is deeply entrenched in American thought concerning the quality of educational provision in the United States. This meme is simply the belief that educational provision is equal to all children, in all schools, and that all children have the same potential successful educational outcomes because that is how it is done in the United States. This paper examines this meme and contends that nothing could be further from the truth.
Outline:
Objective
Statement of Thesis
Introduction
Cultural Meme Defined
Richard Dawkins - The Selfish Gene
Jonathan Kozol - Solutions
The Requirement of Changing the Meme in Educational Funding
Summary and Conclusion
Bibliography
From the Paper
"This cultural meme has been programmed into American society very deeply and has entrenched deeply within the mind of individuals, groups, churches, businesses and other structure in today's society in the United States. Media furthers this illusion and does not report the tragic facts in today's educational system. Politicians certainly fail to acknowledge the problem and even civil rights activists fail today to speak loudly enough to garner the attention of the American society. Businesses and corporations further the widening divide as well as does the more affluent society-at-large. There is only one possible method that might assist today's society in breaking the barrier to equal provision of quality education to all students in the United States and that is a reprogramming of the 'selfish' gene and just as has this selfish genetic codex been established in the human being's genetics, a cognitive focused intentional reprogramming of this gene is the only way of ensuring that the future generations will be based on equal provisions of education for all students to provide each and every student with the best possible outcome."
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"The Selfish Gene" and "Savage Inequalities", 2008.
A critique of Richard Dawkins' "The Selfish Gene" and Jonathan Kozol's "Savage Inequalities".
3,224 words (approx. 12.9 pages), 12 sources, APA, £ 58.95
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Abstract
This paper reviews the the Darwinian theory of evolution present in the books "The Selfish Gene" by Richard Dawkins and "Savage Inequalities" by Jonathan Kozol. The author critiques Richard Dawkins' suggestion of a 'selfish gene' in his book, in which he takes the complex science of genetics and uses it to explain sociological phenomenon. The author argues that Dawkins, does not advocate the idea that evolution is equatable with morality instead, he divorces evolution from morality to present his theory of how evolution shapes sociology. The author also discusses Jonathan Kozol's concerns about the moral and political implications of Social Darwinism and critiques that, although Kozol does a good job with describing the problems of social inequalities, he hardly addresses educational reforms.
From the Paper
"Research reveals that meaningful educational reform is going to require an overarching change in the social structure value memes. First, society is going to have to understand that all children are equal and deserve equal educational opportunities. It would be easy to suggest that society should view all humans as equal, but that is an impossible goal. Adults recognize that not all human beings are equal. Through life circumstances, by the time people enter into adult life, they do have differences in potential. Furthermore, by adulthood, differences in choices have frequently furthered the gap in potential. To pretend that those differences do not exist is to try to establish a meme that will not take root because it is contradicted by the daily life experiences of members of both the dominant the subordinate social class."
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Marital Counseling, 2008.
A discussion on the various aspects of marital counseling.
4,339 words (approx. 17.4 pages), 19 sources, APA, £ 72.95
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Abstract
This paper presents a review of the many philosophies on marital counseling. The paper refers to discussions, theories, publications religious views, and various types of psychology and therapies regarding marriage counseling, as well as the essential factors that need to be considered regarding this topic.
Outline:
Addressing Conflicts in Marital Counseling
To Change or Not to Change?
Not So Easy to Change Issues
Better or Worse?
Divergent and Competing Theories
Psychodynamic Theory
A Hope-Focused Approach
More than Change
Solution-Focused Therapy via the TelephoneMarital Counseling Considerations
From the Paper
"Theresa Tisdale, who identifies herself as a Christian psychologist, teaches integration and clinical courses in the doctoral and masters programs at Azusa Pacific University. Transformation and what she terms "essential relatedness," relate to her clinical practice. The term, "essential relatedness," Tisdale explains, reflects that humans as created in God's image. A vital element of that image consists of the intimate connection between Father, Son, and Spirit. "In a similar way, humans are created to relate intimately with self (dimensions of body, soul, and spirit), others, God, and creation. "
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A Psychoanalytical Look into "Medea", 2008.
A psychoanalytical examination of the character of Medea from Euripides' "Medea" and a discussion of the effects of her betrayal.
1,236 words (approx. 4.9 pages), 3 sources, MLA, £ 26.95
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Abstract
This paper examines the character of Medea, from Euripides' "Medea," from a psychoanalytical perspective. It discusses the psychosis experienced by Medea in the context of the play and suggests that it can be attributed to several different theories about the making of both the community and the human mind. The paper focuses on the betrayal of Medea and its repercussions.
From the Paper
"Essentially, this play also represents the unspoken desires of betrayed women. This work is in itself a myth, and according to Riitta Sirola - "Similar to a dream, a myth is viewed as an enigma; it may contain hidden wishes; its magic circle may turn events into their opposites and it can change its object by wrapping it in disguise," (Sirola 94). Although not to the scale described in Medea, many Greek women who would have seen this play had at one point in their lies been betrayed by a lover or spouse. This became a release for their inner aggression towards whoever had spurned their love. So they were allowed a healthy release of their aggression, rather than falling apart like Medea and turning to a murderous rampage. Medea then also becomes "a description, which was sung collectively, of the achievements and difficulties of the development of a pre-oedipal girl.""
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