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To Age or Not to Age, 2008.
This paper discusses plastic surgery, the media, and the public.
2,529 words (approx. 10.1 pages), 13 sources, MLA, £ 46.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer notes that those in the media and public eye are constantly scrutinized regarding their looks and their age. Women, more so than men, are expected to appear young and vibrant, and many have turned to plastic surgery to achieve this goal. More and more men in the media, however, are also jumping on the surgery bandwagon to compete with their younger male counterparts entering the industry. The writer discusses that this move toward plastic surgery is a wonderful method of turning back the clock on aging as long as it is a voluntary, informed choice, and not done with trepidation as a desperate act to restore youth. The writer argues that having cosmetic plastic surgery should remain a personal choice and whether one decides to alter, improve, or enhance their appearance should not be a reflection, either positively or negatively on their character, as it should not on the individual who decides to forego the procedure. Although those physically attractive people in the media and in society in general often receive preferential treatment and are perceived by others as more sociable and intelligent, it is not perception that is important, but how one feels about themselves on the inside that really counts. The writer concludes that this is what should lead us regarding any decision we should make about the media, plastic surgery, and our lives in general.
From the Paper
"One such example of a female broadcaster who has refused to change her appearance is that of Stephanie Edwards, who had hosted the televised versions of the Rose Parade for many years and was the ongoing spokesperson for Lucky's Supermarkets in their broadcast and print advertisements. Her co-host for the yearly parades was a male game show host and media celebrity, Wink Martindale, who is now the spokesperson for Orbitz, a travel agency. While Stephanie's older co-host, Wink, continued to receive his 5-year contracts, Stephanie was given 1-year contracts instead. Additionally, her contract with Lucky's restricted her to radio spots only. Today, Stephanie Edwards is nowhere to be seen in television media, however, as stated Wink, looking as if he has had some "work" done himself, is successfully doing television commercials for Orbitz."
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Healthcare Communication, 2008.
This paper focuses on healthcare communication between the providers of healthcare and their patients.
1,454 words (approx. 5.8 pages), 8 sources, MLA, £ 29.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer notes that the term healthcare communication can refer to all types of communications used in the healthcare industry, be it communication between and among healthcare agencies, healthcare providers, and healthcare clients. In this paper, however, the writer concentrates on the topic of healthcare communication between healthcare providers and their patients-clients. The paper emphasizes the importance of this communication and looks at the current movement in healthcare education to bring back the human touch into healthcare practice in order for medicine to regain its soul.
Outline:
What is Healthcare Communication?
Relevance of Healthcare Communication
Emergency Room Situations
Confidentiality
Dealing with Family Issues
Dealing with Sociocultural Issues
Communication in the Process of Healing
Principles of Therapeutic Communication in Healthcare Settings
Verbal communications
Verbal communications
Nonverbal communications
From the Paper
"Communication is an exchange, a two-way process. But sometimes this is forgotten in the healthcare setting when the patient-client becomes the passive, receiving end while the healthcare provider does all the talking and fails to listen. However, for healthcare delivery to be effective, there should be an exchange of information between the two parties.
"Healthcare providers have a 2-fold responsibility towards their patients who are basically their clients. First, they must have the technical skills, and second, they much have the ability to communicate and empathize. In other words, a healthcare professional does not only need the brain and skill to perform his/her work. He/she must also have his/her heart into it."
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Article Analysis: Sleep after Cardiac Surgery, 2008.
An analysis of the quantitative research article "Sleep is Related to Physical Function and Emotional Well-Being after Cardiac Surgery" by Nancy S. Redeker, Jeanne S. Ruggiero and Christine Hedges.
1,340 words (approx. 5.4 pages), 1 source, APA, £ 27.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that the research question, reported in the "Nursing Research" article "Sleep is Related to Physical Function and Emotional Well-Being after Cardiac Surgery" by Redeker e.al., is "What is the relation of daytime napping to physical function and emotional well-being?" The author points out that this reported study has a multi-center, nonrandomized, prospective design. The paper also reports that the weaknesses of the study are that preoperative data on sleeping patterns were not available, dropout caused issues of internal validity and the sample was not representative. The author concludes that a randomized, case-control design would afford more validity.
Table of Contents:
Study
Problem
Study Purpose
Research Question
Hypotheses
Study Variables
Review of Related Literature
Study Design
Sample and Setting
Identification and Control of Extraneous Variables
Study Instruments/Tools
From the Paper
"The hypotheses examined by the study were based on two theoretical models that regulate sleep patterns, namely: a) the chronobionic or circardian rhythm model of sleep regulation, and b) homeostatic model of sleep regulation. The circadian rhythm regulates the need for sleep according to the time of day while physiological homeostasis regulates the need for sleep in response to the body's tiredness due to physical exertion or extended wake periods."
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The Effects of Globalization, 2008.
A personal perspective on how globalization impacts American society.
3,210 words (approx. 12.8 pages), 8 sources, APA, £ 56.95
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Abstract
This paper reveals that globalization has been more beneficial to people in higher income levels, but has harmed people in middle and lower economic classes. The paper then discusses the beneficial aspects of globalization that include improvements in education, medicine, consumption, work and technology. The writer concludes that he expects these beneficial aspects to only improve, but he is concerned about the negative aspects of globalization, especially in terms of the burgeoning economic inequality it is generating.
From the Paper
"Our readings and class discussions indicate that globalization is controversial, for its advocates claim that it promotes general prosperity around the world and is socially benign, while its critics blame globalization for the widening gap between rich and poor throughout the world. It is evident that globalization has been beneficial to people in higher income levels, but has been much less beneficial to people in middle and lower economic classes, many of whom are in fact being harmed by globalization."
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Faculty Roles in Nursing, 2008.
This paper discusses faculty roles within the field of nursing, focusing on a nursing education at community college and university levels.
1,136 words (approx. 4.5 pages), 4 sources, APA, £ 23.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer notes that instructors in the nursing field at the community college and university levels have different requirements in order to work within their chosen occupations. Those requirements are founded in a historical philosophy of education that is specific to the institutions and that has impacted learning, especially at the community college level. In this essay, an examination of professional development, credentialing and faculty practice is presented, as a means of focusing on these differences in relation to learning. The writer concludes that that there is a vast amount of difference between the requirements of faculty members at the community college and university levels.
Outline:
Introduction
Community College
University
Conclusion
From the Paper
"While not all of the universities in the United States require their faculty members to be practicing in their field, many institutions make demands on their instructors to be practicing professionals. This stipulation is dependent on the university and the requirements determined by the institutional authorities. However, the philosophy behind this mandate is that instructors that work in the field of nursing will be more capable of effectively applying theory to practice, which will increase the learning potential of students. Additionally, when teachers in university systems are practicing in the nursing field, they receive a greater amount of respect from students because students are aware that nursing instructors are successfully functioning as nursing professionals, not merely using a text to share knowledge. "
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The Elderly and Health, 2008.
This paper discusses access to health care for the older adult.
1,124 words (approx. 4.5 pages), 5 sources, MLA, £ 23.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer notes that access to health care has been listed as one of the leading health indicators in the United States for numerous reasons. Yet, in relation to the aging population of the country, access to care is a primary concern because there are multiple factors that are affecting it at the current time. The writer points out that the nursing shortage that is now challenging health care systems to alter their practices has created a situation in which health care facilities do not have a sufficiently trained staff to meet the demands of the public. When the health care needs of baby boomers are considered with specialized care, the number of trained nurses is even smaller, as is the number of trained physicians in the field of geriatrics. The writer maintains that the only manner of addressing this issue is to develop programs that will entice medical professionals into the field and create working conditions that will prompt nurses to remain in the health care system.
Outline:
Nursing and Physician Shortage
Rising Cost of Health Care
Conclusion
From the Paper
"However, this legislation only demands that the patient be treated until he or she is stable and then may be released without further care. Nevertheless, when it is geriatric related care that is required for the elderly individual, emergency room care is not available and the patient cannot be treated sufficiently.
"Furthermore, while most elderly will sign up for Medicare in the country, Medicare is not a blanket insurance policy that will cover all health care conditions or treatments that are recommended by physicians. This leaves millions of baby boomers in the position of attempting to suffer through age related illness and disease without health care assistance because their access to care is significantly decreased due to lack of coverage. When it is further considered that a large portion of baby boomers will be living off of nothing but their social security payments on a monthly basis, the ability of this generation to afford specialized healthcare services negatively impacts their access to care."
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A Qualitative Research Report Analysis, 2008.
An evaluation of a qualitative research report, "In Their Own Words: Battered Women, Welfare and the Family Violence Option", by J.L. Postmus.
1,378 words (approx. 5.5 pages), 1 source, APA, £ 28.95
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Abstract
The paper identifies the purpose, research questions, study design and subjects and settings of J.L. Postmus' report,"In Their Own Words: Battered Women, Welfare and the Family Violence Option". The paper also examines the data collection methods, data analysis procedures and the strengths and limitations of this study. The paper concludes that the study findings were valid and the research of high quality.
Outline:
Problem
Study Purpose
Research Questions
Study Design
Subjects and Settings
Data Collection Methods
Data Analysis Procedures
Strengths and Limitations
From the Paper
"The problem the study was conducted to resolve was the apparent ineffectiveness of the Family Violence Option program as an option in helping battered women leave abusive relationships and eventually become economically independent (Postmus, 2002)."
"The problem is significant to nursing because of the impact of the recipients' experiences, attitudes and actions on their lives when faced with a system (which could be extended to the social services of a hospital) that is not receptive to their individual needs as victims and as person who wishes to establish themselves as emotionally and financially independent of their former partners. The significance of this research to nursing is also seen in the apparent danger that adapting a "catch-all" group of solutions for common problems (e.g. prioritizing rehabilitation over gaining economic independence) and one-sidedness with which each individual was assessed in order to achieve bureaucratic efficiency."
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Elder Care Resources, 2008.
This paper discusses the necessity to adapt to the increasing elderly population in order to meet specialized health care needs of geriatric individuals.
961 words (approx. 3.8 pages), 7 sources, MLA, £ 20.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer outlines salient features and issues regarding care of geriatric individuals in the context of working family members. It is the contention of this paper that, through bringing attention to the need for employees to both meet the needs of their elderly family members and employers, some of the difficulties encountered as a result of lost job opportunities, productivity and benefits can be avoided or at least alleviated. The writer concludes that an elder care program can, nonetheless, benefit both employer in terms of employee retention and investment, and employee in terms of uninterrupted income, personal, professional and organizational advancement, this new market can possibly lead to better uniformity in providing for elder care.
From the Paper
"As the elderly are experiencing an increase in life expectancy, dying is no longer a swift and uncomplicated transition. The salient natural course of most elderly patients is that of exacerbations and a semblance of normalcy, where death may come in the form of a coup de grace type insult or a disease exacerbation that is never fully recovered from. From the perspective of the aged, it is not merely enough to reach a chronological age and a sense of maturity; it is more important that independence in the form of being able to perform activities of daily living, having one's cognitive faculties intact, being able to be looked upon with status in society.
"A fear of losing one's independence permanently with an acute disease presentation or an accident such as a fall, along with a sense of mortality constantly shadows the elderly patient. "
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Improving Health in Rural Communities, 2008.
A look at health care provisions in rural areas of the US.
3,237 words (approx. 12.9 pages), 15 sources, APA, £ 56.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses health care provision in rural areas of the USA. It provides a comprehensive literature review and presents a multifaceted approach in understanding how the past shaped and evolved into the current state of health care affairs. The author concludes the paper with some recommendations for the future.
Outline:
Introduction
Theoretical Approach
Objectives
Literature Review
Discussion and Implications for Nursing
Conclusion and Recommendations
From the Paper
"Primary care in the setting of developed countries such as the United States, especially in rural and underserved areas, still remains a large hurdle for the health care system to clear (Kippenbrock, Stacy & Gilbert-Palmer, 2004). Primary care aims to provide basic health services to patients. Some of these services include patient education, counseling and health maintenance, aside from detection of and treatment of diseases (American Academy of Family Physicians, 2006). One of these services involves primary prevention of diseases (e.g. lung cancer, cervical cancer, colon cancer, breast cancer, prostate cancer, etc.) through screening and regular examinations.
Rural communities are at a distinct disadvantage as far as health care is concerned. As the health care system became increasingly market-oriented, economic growth in this sector grew, in large part due to technological advances in health care provision, an orientation towards more meticulous health care economics management (e.g. managed care) and the diversification of the health care professional work force (Ricketts, 2000). However, these milestones in the evolution of the health care system were founded and dictated by market forces as a result. The rural population comprises only 20% of the total U.S. population. In being more concentrated in more "cost-effective" areas such as cities, large health care provider entities inadvertently exclude less populated rural areas to the detriment of the communities in these areas. This is exemplified by the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services' 2000 report that discloses 1,182 non-metropolitan areas as Health Professional Shortage Areas (HPSA) (Ricketts, 2000)."
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Breast Cancer: Focus on the Disease, 2008.
A discussion highlighting the necessity to focus on cancer as a disease, rather than on the subject of prosthetics.
2,658 words (approx. 10.6 pages), 11 sources, APA, £ 48.95
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Abstract
The author of this paper relates that the author of this paper was prompted to reasearch the topic of breast cancer further after her friend had what is termed a 'breast cancer scare'. The paper then defines breast cancer as a gendered disease in which women are led to believe the fallacy that medicine is winning the fight against breast cancer. However being a female gendered disease being investigated by a male dominant medical field prompts the writer to argue that this may not be correct. The paper deals with the approach of cosmetic surgery with the intention of appearing more attractive and quotes examples and experiences of women. The paper states that it is essential for women to be positive and to fight the disease, not to be laid back and accept defeat, nor conceal the fact that breast cancer exists and realize that to hide it under beauty concepts may be fatal.
From the Paper
"Recently, a close friend of mine had what is termed a "breast cancer scare". Following a routine mammogram, she was scheduled to have a suspicious lump removed from one of her breasts. During the wait for the surgery, and then the wait for the pathology report, we all reassured her as much as we could. We told her the things we have read and heard in the media, such as "Breast cancer's not such a big deal any more;" "Providing they catch it early, they can cure it;" "Almost no women die from breast cancer any more." And so on. And I, for one, believed it. It turned out that her lumps were not malignant, for which we are all deeply grateful. However, the incident caused me to wonder whether what we were saying was really true. Has the situation with regard to breast cancer really changed? Is it no longer the killer scourge that women used to fear so much? I did some research - and was shocked by the answers I found. As Batt (2002) puts it, "the overall mortality rate from carcinoma of the breast remains static" (p. 110). This of course begs the question: why are we being encouraged to believe that science is winning the fight against breast cancer, if this is not in fact true? As I will argue in this essay, the answer seems to have much to do with the fact that breast cancer is a gendered disease."
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Psychopharmacologic Drug SSRI, 2008.
Examines the negative effects of the psychopharmacologic drug SSRI (e.g. venflaxine) on adolescents.
755 words (approx. 3.0 pages), 3 sources, MLA, £ 15.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that antidepressants are a group of psychoactive medications that alleviate the signs and symptoms of mood disorders with a pre-dominantly depressive mood. The paper then explains that an understanding of the major mechanisms of action of these drugs can be best accomplished through understanding the pathogenesis of mood disorders. The paper then relates that, by understanding the mechanism of SSRI (e.g. venflaxine), it is possible theoretically to infer the neurobiological component of the pathogenesis of increased suicidality in depressed adolescents.
From the Paper
"The psychopharmacologic effectiveness of anti-depressants center around one of three mechanisms of action: increasing serotonin and norepinephrine levels through blocking of presynaptic 5-HT and norepinephrine receptors (i.e. interruption of negative feedback for neurotransmitter regulation), blocking of serotonin or norepinephrine reuptake by the presynaptic neuron or inhibition of MAO to interrupt deactivation of these neurotransmitters (Bhalla & Aronson). Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) will be discussed in further detail."
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Nursing Leadership, 2008.
Looks at ways nurses can meet their ethical obligation to be skilled communicators, teachers, motivators and team builders
1,250 words (approx. 5.0 pages), 4 sources, APA, £ 25.95
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Abstract
This paper notes that the ethical obligation and demand for leadership from nurses is the foundation for the public's trust in the medical profession. The paper then emphasizes the importance of understanding what it is a nurse is suppose to do ethically and relates that personal reflection and open communication between nurses and administrators is a proactive way of strengthening and protecting the public's trust in the profession of nursing. The paper concludes that the rigorous schedule of nursing school is a way of weeding out those who do not have the character and stamina to be teachers, motivators and team builders. Nursing is a profession of respect and responsibility--not everyone is cut out to be a nurse.
From the Paper
"There will never be an easy answer, but as a leader in your field you will be expected to always act accordingly. Nurses are looked upon as teacher, motivators and team builders. These responsibilities are a part of the profession. Leadership is a professional expectation. Nurses are encouraged to develop their personalities into a leadership role. We are encouraged to seek out our weaknesses and improve upon them to become effective leaders in our profession."
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HIV/AIDS among Indian Sex Trade Workers, 2008.
Investigates causes for the growing epidemic of HIV/AIDS among sex trade workers in India.
3,145 words (approx. 12.6 pages), 17 sources, APA, £ 55.95
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Abstract
In investigating the causes for the growing epidemic of HIV/AIDS among sex trade workers in India, this paper attempts to link the growth to socio-economic factors. In addition, the paper attempts to see whether India is simply a typical Third World country in this respect, or if there are special circumstances rendering Indian sex trade workers even more vulnerable to HIV/AIDS.
Table of Contents:
Background/Rationale
Objectives
Findings
Epidemiology
General Economic Factors
Socio-Economic Factors that Directly Impact Sex Trade Workers
Discrimination Against AIDS Patients
Political Issues
HIV/AIDS and Sex Trade Workers
Conclusions
From the Paper
"In India, the two main routes of infection are heterosexual contact and drug use. AIDS infections began spreading rapidly in India in the late 1980s and early 1990s. However, the response was slow. Officials were reluctant to admit AIDS was in India. For example, by 1991 only 1,254 AIDS cases were formally reported to WHO for the whole of Asia. However, the true figures were likely ten times as high. In the early 1990s, it began to seem that India and Thailand were the two Asian countries with the highest infection rates."
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Mala Prohibita, 2008.
A discussion on mala prohibita with reference to illegal dental practice.
1,574 words (approx. 6.3 pages), 9 sources, MLA, £ 31.95
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Abstract
This paper examines how mala prohibita refers to acts that are considered wrong because they are in direct violation of a statute, and they are wrong on their own and do not require a criminal or guilty mindset for the establishment of guilt. In particular, the paper looks at how the taking of dental impressions or a teeth cleaning conducted late at night in the absence of any supervision and outside the confines of a dental education is a violation of the Dental Practices Act and is a mala prohibita.
From the Paper
"Chapter 108 of the Dental Practices Act is entitled "Professional Conduct" and clearly and succinctly outlines exactly what is expected and required of dental professionals licensed by the State of Texas. The admonissions contained within this chapter are poignant, ". . .a licensed dentist shall conduct his practice on the highest plane of honesty, integrity, and fair dealing. . .in order to safeguard the dental health and welfare of the public. . ." (Professional Conduct 108-A-1). The preamble to Rule 108 is a stern warning and a introduction to an extensive list of prohibited activities that if violated place the entire profession, as well as those supervising dental students at extreme peril, and flirting with the disastrous ramifications of ethics violations and discipline by the Board of Governors."
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