| Papers [99-112] of 347 :: [Page 8 of 25] | | Go to page : <— 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 —> | |
|
|
Growing Agricultural Hemp, 2004.
This paper discusses the growing of industrial hemp, which is different from its distant cousin, marijuana, as a viable cash crop alternative.
975 words (approx. 3.9 pages), 64 sources, MLA, £ 20.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
This paper explains that Americans had been cultivating the hemp plant for hundreds of years, but, in 1937, the Marijuana Prohibitive Tax Act outlawed the growing of any kind of hemp. The author points out that there are as many as 25,000 industrial uses of hemp, including rope, clothing, diapers, car parts, and carpet; oil from the seeds is used in shampoo, beer, vitamins, and lip balm. The paper stresses that hemp production is a growth industry around the world, and American farmers are losing revenue to foreign nations that allow the growing of hemp, such as Great Britain, France, and Spain.
From the Paper
"Contrary to popular misconception, the hemp plant is not marijuana. Known by the botanical name "cannabis sativa," hemp does not contain the narcotic qualities of marijuana, and so its growth is not dangerous to the community. While many people believe growing hemp is just like growing marijuana, there are numerous differences. Hemp grows taller than marijuana, and they are spaced quite close together in the fields, unlike marijuana, which is spaced out for optimum leaf growth. In addition, hemp produces more flowers and seeds, while marijuana cultivation is mainly concerned with unfertilized female plants, which create more leaves."
| |
|
Climate and Agriculture, 2004.
This paper discusses the impacts of climatic changes on agriculture.
4,180 words (approx. 16.7 pages), 11 sources, MLA, £ 65.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
This paper states that there has always been a natural variation in rainfall, temperature, and related conditions in certain parts of the world, leading to food insecurity due to variation of agricultural production. The author points out that existing socioeconomic effects often occur faster than the changes in the environment, which cause the socioeconomic changes, and thus, it is difficult to forecast them. The paper states that, because of climatic changes, the entire world will move into an unfamiliar situation, as human beings would be stepping beyond the limits that the world can provide them in support.
From the Paper
"For the 21st century, agriculture requires that it may be integrated as a total system with the components of environment, society and economy. Only this will lead to development for meeting the needs of the present generation and also take care of the next generation. It is now estimated that the people of the world will increase by almost 3 billion in the next fifty years, and most of this growth will be in the developing countries. This will happen in spite of the fact that even today, some 800 million people go hungry every day and another billion live a day on less than one dollar. This is the food insecurity and poverty that affects one-fourth of the population of the world. It shows clearly that we have not been able to take the necessary corrective actions in spite of the tremendous scientific progress and economic developments that are being made now. To meet our food security and poverty dangers, we must ensure that proper agricultural and rural development take place."
| |
|
Agricultural Innovations, 2004.
This paper discusses the societal effects of the diffusion of agricultural innovations.
1,095 words (approx. 4.4 pages), 9 sources, MLA, £ 22.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
This paper explains that, of all the innovations discovered during the Middle Ages, the plow is considered the greatest transformer of social and cultural change. The author points out that the initial effect of the shift from horticulture to agriculture was an increase in food production because societies that adopted the plow were able to produce more food in a given territory than those that relied on the hoe and digging stick, thus leading to the development of permanent settlements. The paper relates that one of the most profound changes associated with the plow was the development of a system of writing because the trade of agricultural and other goods had to be tracked.
From the Paper
"So deep were the diffusions of the agricultural techniques that before the First World War, farmers composed the largest single group in every country. They no longer made up the population everywhere, as they had from the dawn of history to the end of the Napoleonic Wars, a hundred years earlier. But farmers still made up a near-majority in every developed country except England and Belgium--in Germany, France, Japan, the United States--and, of course, in all underdeveloped countries, too. And with the current transformation, these agricultural producers are not "farmers" in most senses of the word; they are "agribusiness," which is arguably the most capital-intensive, most technology-intensive and most information-intensive industry."
| |
|
Genetic Modification of Crops, 2004.
This paper discusses the debate over the global acceptance of genetic modification (GM) of crops.
1,850 words (approx. 7.4 pages), 3 sources, APA, £ 34.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
This paper explains that, although the American consumer has become comfortable with the debate about the safety of genetically modified seeds, in Europe and Africa, some individuals have labeled imported GM produces as ?eco-terrorist? practices of sabotage by the U.S., preferring to starve rather than to eat this type of food. The author points out that, misguided as it may have been, the African nations' banning of GM seeds was an attempt to set local, national standards for the creation of a form of modern agriculture that was ?right for Africa.? The paper states that one of the problems in much of the world is not a lack of technology, but a lack of government infrastructure.
From the Paper
"Thomas DeGregori sees such hysteria as a form of Luddite technophobia. (DeGregori, 2002, 152). He also sees the African example as a dangerous result of first-world generated fears regarding important new agricultural technology. The capitalism that fueled genetically modified crops that are more resistant to disease and easier to produce in difficult climates, DeGregori suggests, will be the salvation of the world, if only environmentalists will step aside. DeGregori, it must be noted, does not stand alone on the world agricultural state in his fervent belief in the value of capitalism. "
| |
|
Pesticides and Farm Children, 2004.
A brief examination of the threat faced by children of farmers from pesticides.
1,006 words (approx. 4.0 pages), 4 sources, MLA, £ 20.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
This paper explains that children brought up on a farm are at a higher risk of exposure to pesticides. The writer states that basic hygiene practices and proper education are the solution to removing this risk.
From the Paper
"Pesticides contain harmful effects to human, as repeatedly reported by series of studies of the US Environmental Protection Agency. Pesticides can be included into high-level danger category for its long lasting potential hazard. However, the continuous usage in farming areas sometimes goes far beyond the awareness of the farmers to protect their family - especially children - from the pesticides effects. Farmer groups stay away from the health concern due to lack of information and regulation of pesticides use."
| |
|
Genetically Modified Food, 2004.
This paper is an extensive discussion of genetic modification (GM) of food, also known as genetic engineering, genetic manipulation, gene technology, and recombinant DNA technology, which is the most recent application of biotechnology to food.
8,045 words (approx. 32.2 pages), 14 sources, MLA, £ 102.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
This paper explains that, for many centuries, farmers fought pests using everything from usual plant-breeding techniques to chemicals, such as pesticides and herbicides; but, as new chemical treatments increased health and environmental concerns, gene modification became the agro-scientists? tool for advancing molecular biology. The author points out that over 40 plant varieties have completed all of the federal requirements for commercialization as per the FDA and the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA). The paper explains that, although customers in the U. S. are accepting GM foods, customers in Japan are beginning to show a strong liking for unmodified fruits and vegetables in supermarkets offering both GM foods and unmodified foods.
Table of Contents
Do We Need Genetically Modified Food?
Does the Human Race Need GM Food?
Background Information on the Types of Plant Genetic Engineering
The Worldwide Issue of GM Food, Advantages and Disadvantages
How Prevalent are GM Foods?
What Plants Are Used?
Genetic Engineering Techniques
Other Issues
How GM foods are Regulated and the Government?s Role
What Limits are Put on Farmers?
How they are Labeled for the General Public?
Ethical and Social Aspects Involved and Implications for the Third World
From the Paper
"Genetically modified foods (GM foods or GMF) provide opportunities to swiftly enhance crop nature such as yield, pest resistance, or herbicide tolerance, which is not successful with conventional methods. From the predecessor to plastics to consumable vaccines, GM crops can be molded to make completely artificial substances. The methods of modern genetics have made it probable for the direct action of the genetic makeup of organisms. Using genetic engineering, plants from wild relatives, other distantly related plants, or almost any other organism can be relocated with simple genetic qualities into the crop."
| |
|
Genetically Modified Food, 2004.
An outline of the arguments for and against genetically modified crops.
1,860 words (approx. 7.4 pages), 13 sources, MLA, £ 34.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
This paper looks at the issue of genetically modified food (GM), exploring the medical arguments against eating it as opposed to the benefits proponents claim it has. The writer makes reference to the body, known as CorpWatch, which aims to check corporations who use GM food to profit on the lack of certain foods in Third World countries. As GM crop growing is relatively new, much of the research is based on theory rather than fact, and the writer points out that it may take years to truly know the effects of eating and producing GM foods, both on those who eat it and the land that is used to grow it.
From the Paper
"Proponents state that genetically modified plants enhances biodiversity by allowing weeds to continue growing for longer, (because the less need for herbicides) thus providing nutrition for animals. Genetically altered plants designed to resist insect manifestation will help reduce use of insecticides also increases insect diversity. Increased crop yields and crops altered to grow in climates that are harsher then their natural cousins, it is argued, will help feed the world?s poor, in part by making currently harsh soils and / or environments less of a factor in raising food crops. (Carr 2000) Additionally, genetically modified plants often use bacteria or other organisms to shuttle the genes into the target organisms. Having the genes that make them dangerous removed or disabled cripples these vectors."
| |
|
Humulus Lupulus, 2004.
An overview and discussion of the medicinal importance of humulus lupulus, or the common hop.
3,803 words (approx. 15.2 pages), 9 sources, MLA, £ 61.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
This paper examines how hops (humulus lupulus) is well recognized and extensively grown for its use in preparing beer and lager. It shows that, while hops has been utilized in beer preparation in Europe from the Roman times, hops received recognition in Britain in the 16th century for medical and drinking reasons. Through a literature review, it looks at the history of its use and activities, as well as its medicinal advantages, especially in the field of cancer.
Outline
Introduction
History and Description of Humulus Lupulus
Uses
Growth Habits
Environment Requirements
Chemical Composition
Bio-Chemistry
Activities and Medicinal Advantages of Humulus Lupulus
Pharmacology of Humulus Lupulus
Chemical Constituents of Humulus Lupulus
Physiological Properties of Humulus Lupulus
Conclusion
From the Paper
"German beer makers have been utilizing wild hop (Humulus lupulus) to give flavor to their drink for hundreds of years. Hop was introduced to the United States from England in 1629. The initial viable hop yard in the United States was founded in New York in 1808. Farming of the crop quickly increased south and west. Wisconsin turned out to be the biggest grower of hop for a short period late in the nineteenth century; however, New York continued to be the leader until the crop was almost wiped out in both states by downy mildew in the 1920s (Field and Nickerson, 1996)."
| |
|
Alaska Wild Salmon, 2004.
This paper is a complete research project that determines the factors influencing the market problems facing the Alaska wild salmon industry and explores the superiority of Alaska salmon over farm-raised salmon.
10,255 words (approx. 41.0 pages), 50 sources, APA, £ 121.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
This research paper contends that Alaska salmon represents a product that is far superior to farm-raised Pacific or Atlantic salmon and that specific factors beyond the degree of its superiority led to its demise within the fishery marketplace. The author reports that the research design is historiography, which provides a systematic process on the study of prior historical research. The paper suggests that there is a need for ongoing research to be conducted to determine the superiority of Alaska wild salmon over farm-raised salmon. Figures.
Table of Contents
Introduction
Relevant Background Information
Statement of the Problem
Research Hypotheses
Rationale
Literature Review
Species of Alaska Wild Salmon
Chinook Salmon
Coho Salmon
Chum Salmon
Sockeye Salmon
Pink Salmon
Health Effects of Salmon Consumption
Research Methodology
Research Design
Statistical Analysis
Data Collection
Conclusion
Results
Factors Influencing the Alaska Wild Salmon Fishery Industry
Strong Conservation Philosophy
Legal Mandate
Lessons of History
Regulation of Commercial Salmon Fisheries
Salmon Hatcheries and Farming in Alaska
Farmed Salmon Outside of Alaska
Discussion
Recommendations
From the Paper
"Sockeye salmon are anadromous, meaning they migrate from the ocean to spawn in fresh water and are unique in their appearance, with adult spawners typically turning bright red, with a green head. Consequently, sockeye are often called "red" salmon; however, during their ocean and adult migratory phase, sockeye often have a bluish back and silver sides, giving rise to another common name, "bluebacks." As well, as reported by NOAA (2003b), the name "sockeye" is thought to have originally emerged from the Indian word "sukkai.""
| |
|
Wine Making, 2004.
An overview of the process of wine fermentation.
879 words (approx. 3.5 pages), 3 sources, MLA, £ 18.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
This paper looks at how wine making is an ancient but evolving art and science and how only recently have vintners and scientists alike been able to understand and, therefore, control the actions of yeast on the fermentation process. It discusses the whole fermentation process from the different stages of fermentation to the different strains of yeasts and catalysts used.
From the Paper
"Fundamentally, fermentation occurs when sugars are transformed into alcohol, carbon dioxide, and some chemical by-products. In the case of wine, the carbon dioxide is released. The entire process involves no fewer than thirty chemical reactions (Peynaud 94). Yeast catalyzes fermentation. During the initial stage of wine fermentation, which lasts up to one week, the winemaker will leave the vessel open to the air. Thus, primary fermentation is aerobic, which allows the yeast to multiply in number instead of getting to work on the conversion of sugars into alcohol. Especially within the first few days of fermentation, yeasts concentrate almost all their energy on reproduction. Biologically, winemaking yeasts reproduce by budding or by the formation of spores. Saccharomyces yeasts reproduce by budding."
| |
|
Genetic Modification of Crops, 2002.
Looks at the many controversial issues surrounding the production and sale of genetically modified crops (GMCs).
1,157 words (approx. 4.6 pages), 3 sources, MLA, £ 23.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
This paper examines the technology behind genetically modified crops, the potential risks of GMCs, the benefits of GMCs, the criticisms of the arguments used to oppose GMCs, and the general worldwide opinion regarding the use of GMCs.
From the Paper
"But are these crops really so dangerous? The issue of genetic modification of crops is perhaps so vexing and problematic because the United States and the European Community pursue completely different policies regarding the issue. Unlike so many issues of health, both countries have completely different views as to the safety of genetic modification, the US allowing the process, the EU condemning it."
| |
|
U.K. Wine Import, 2002.
A report on the United Kingdom wine import industry.
3,672 words (approx. 14.7 pages), 10 sources, APA, £ 59.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
This paper provides an analysis of the wine import industry in the U.K. The paper begins with a brief overview of historical issues of relevance to the importation of wine into the UK and the globalization of the wine industry today. This is followed by an environmental analysis and a competitive analysis of the UK wine import market. The report concludes with a summary of key findings and includes tables.
From the Paper
"As evidenced within these trends, the wine market throughout the world is becoming more internationalized rather than concentrated within the Old World. These trends also emphasize that the wine market throughout the world is becoming significantly more competitive, with most key New World suppliers expanding their export sales at a relatively appreciable rate. As noted by Anderson et al. (2001), these trends are even more significant in that the rapid growth in wine exports over the past decade has occurred at a time when there has been a slight decline in world wine production and consumption."
| |
|
Hormones in Agriculture, 2002.
Discusses the effect that the addition of hormones to the agricultural chain has on humans and animals.
1,227 words (approx. 4.9 pages), 4 sources, MLA, £ 24.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
This paper presents a detailed discussion about the use of hormones in our agricultural food and the adverse effects it has on animals and the human consumers. The writer provides an outline of the effect the hormones have both physically and politically on the consumer and the nations that support the use of hormones. The writer also presents evidence of the health problems hormones are thought to cause.
From the Paper
"As the world continues to grow, the need for food and dairy products increases as well. Using hormones to increase production of product initially seemed to be a good solution but as studies were conducted it became evident that there were possible problems and risks. The nations of Europe as well as Canada became concerned about the health risks involved with the US use of hormones in bovine. Because of the contradictions in opinions and study results it would behoove the nation to hold off on the use of hormone in cattle until the questions can be answered satisfactorily."
| |
|
Competition Comes to the U.S. Farm Sector, 2002.
Discusses U.S. farm policies since the 1930s.
1,570 words (approx. 6.3 pages), 8 sources, MLA, £ 30.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
This paper looks at the focus, impact and consequences of U.S. farm policies. In particular, it examines the 1996 Farm Bill, policy changes instituted in 1985, and the 2002 Farm Act. The paper concludes with an analysis of the consequences, whether positive or negative, of the Freedom to Farm Act.
From the Paper
"The United States has always supported its farmers through a number of different policies. This policy has included programs designed to distribute the nation?s land in an equitable fashion, increase productivity, raising the standard of living of American farmers and helping them to market their products (Westcott and Price, 2001). US farm policy since the 1930s focused on price and income supports. Until the introduction of the 1996 Farm Bill, the price support system relied on a series of acreage limits and storage programs (Westcott and Price, 2001)."
|
|
|
