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Biodiversity in Lake Baikal, 2004.
This paper discusses Lake Baikal, located in Siberia near the Mongolian border, which offers an excellent example of one of the largest and oldest fresh water ecosystems that sustains a wide variety of flora and fauna, including innumerable endemic specie
1,650 words (approx. 6.6 pages), 6 sources, MLA, £ 36.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that, for millennia, Lake Baikal?s ecosystem has flourished in total isolation, untouched by the human population. Unfortunately, today, this precious Siberian ecozone is feeling the negative effects of human abuse. The author points out that the Baikalsk Pulp and Paper Mill (BPPM), one of the region?s oldest functioning industries (around 40 years), is the major polluting source because it exploits an old and highly dangerous method of bleaching pulp by using chlorine. The paper relates that, over the last decade, world environmentalists have helped improve the situation and limited the damage to the delicate ecosystem, but a coordinated effort from the Russian and Mongolian governments is indispensable for tackling this environmental crisis.
Table of Contents
Introduction
Lake Baikal
Importance of Lake Baikal
Environmental Effects (Air and Water Pollution)
The BPPM
Mineral Mining Plants
Conservation Projects
Baikal Watch and Baikal Environmental Wave
Conclusion
From the Paper
"The biological importance of Lake Baikal is evident from the UNESCO declaration of Lake Baikal as a world heritage site and ?the most outstanding example of a freshwater ecosystem?. The range of climatic conditions within the surrounding areas of the lake has contributed to a rich variety of plant life in the region. While the Coniferous forests occupy the western regions, pine forests are common in the eastern areas and deciduous forests predominate the northern region. The fauna found in the lake is amongst the most diverse in the world with more than 255 amphipod species and 80 types of flatworms. The epishura, a tiny crustacean is the natural cleaning mechanism for the lake as it consumes all the decaying matter in the water. The most important and the only mammal species in the lake is the endemic Baikal seal (Phoca sibirica)."
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The Coffee Industry, 2005.
A detailed report on the economic, political, geographical aspects of the coffee industry.
5,003 words (approx. 20.0 pages), 26 sources, MLA, £ 87.95
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Abstract
This paper begins with a brief look at the history and varieties of coffee and then takes a deeper look at how important coffee is to the economies of the countries in which it is grown. The paper lists the main countries where coffee is grown and then looks at the coffee industry in each of those countries from an economic perspective. The paper also describes the types of processing and supply chain management typically used in the coffee industry, as well as how coffee is marketed in both domestic and international markets.
Introduction
Importance of Coffee
Brazil
The Ecuadorian/Amazon Region
Other Countries
Process/Supply Chain
Marketing and World Trade
From the Paper
"According to legend the origins of the coffee industry began when an Arabian goatherd named Kaldi found that his goats reacted strangely around a certain green-leafed bush with red cherries. He ascertained that the excitement exhibited by the goats was due to the effects from eating these cherries. He also consumed some of the fruit and felt ?invigorated?; later monks were said to have benefited from the plants qualities to help them stay awake during their long hours of prayer. Whether this story has any basis in fact is unknown but what has been determined is that Coffea Arabica originates from Ethiopia. The plant was cultivated by the Oromom people in the Kafa Province of the country. Arab traders are said to have transported seeds and grew plantations in about 1000 A.D. (Coffee, FAO)"
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"Southern" California, 2004.
This paper discusses the history of "Southern" California, which is distinct from the northern area of the state.
1,470 words (approx. 5.9 pages), 6 sources, MLA, £ 33.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that even the acquisition of Alta California from the Spaniards changed little the agrarian social and economic structure of "Southern" California; but the discovery of gold in "Northern" California brought new settlers, creating large cities, altering the agrarian way of life of the people and separating the northern culture from that of "Southern" California. The author points out the perpetually controversial importance of water as determined by two conflicting legal doctrines, the doctrine of riparian rights, signifying that the owners of land not contiguous to a stream had no rights to the water, and the second the doctrine of "prior appropriation", giving the first user of water the unrestrained right to divert it from the stream and to sell this right to others. The paper relates that, though growth in "Southern" California started slowly, it was enhanced by various land booms over the rest of the 19th century and into the 20th century and set the stage for rapid growth in industry and commerce, including the film industry.
From the Paper
"The prevailing economic form was a system of land tenure, from which the ranchos evolved. This system was based on an ancient principle of Spanish law, which saw the king as owner in fee simple of all the colonial possessions in the New World. This was the Latin encomienda system. The settlement of the region was conducted by use of presidios, missions and pueblos, each founded on a land grant from the crown."
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Thailand, 2004.
A discussion about improving the tourism market in Thailand.
738 words (approx. 3.0 pages), 4 sources, MLA, £ 18.95
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Abstract
This paper presents a frank account of the current tourism market in Thailand. The paper discusses the diverse attractions that the country offers. The public health crisis surrounding the bird flu epidemic is outlined in the paper, and suggestions are made to rectify the situation. The paper explains Thailand's economic dependence on the tourism industry.
From the Paper
"The Bird flu epidemic is thus both a public health crisis of real impact, and a potential economic crisis for a nation dependant upon tourism, and improving its public image as a safe, family-friendly destination. Thai authorities should be commended for their openness regarding the epidemic?s spread, as secrecy could only lead to more rumors and innuendos. But the difficulty in stemming the tide is troubling. Only last week, Thai public health officials were forced to announce that the avian influenza had spread to poultry in four more provinces, ?meaning that the disease has infected flocks of chickens and other birds in 35 of Thailand's 76 provinces since it re-emerged in July,? and the most recent outbreaks of avian influenza indicate that the new strain can pass from human to human, ?the first such instance documented? in Thailand. (Bradsher, 2004)"
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Syrian History, 2005.
An examination of Syrian history and culture presented in a fictitious speech by a Syrian ambassador to the United Nations.
3,854 words (approx. 15.4 pages), 17 sources, MLA, £ 72.95
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Abstract
This paper is in the form of a speech by Osmane Arslanian, Ambassador of the Syrian Arab Republic to the United Nations Organization. It provides a general overview of Syrian history, the current state of Syrian affairs, as well as a biography and summary of current Syrian leadership.
From the Paper
"Syria first referred to the land of Aram East of the Mediterranean Sea between Egypt and Arabia to the south and Cilicia to the north, crossing inland, including Mesopotamia (Wikipedia 2004) and from west to east Commagene, Sophene and Adiabene, or what was known as Assyria. This was the larger Syria, which consisted of smaller regions, such as Palestine in the southwest, Phoenicia along the coast, Coele-Syria north of the Eleutheris River, and Mesopotamia. Palestine, later known as Israel, is now composed of the states of Israel and Jordan."
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The Homeless Problem in New York City, 2004.
This paper discusses that New York City is a city with a staggering homeless population, a problem that has persisted throughout the city?s history.
975 words (approx. 3.9 pages), 5 sources, MLA, £ 23.95
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Abstract
This paper reports that, in 2004, New York City set a record when the number of homeless New Yorkers residing in shelters reached the highest point in the city?s history. The author points out that 90 percent of homeless New Yorkers are black or Latino, even though only 53 percent of New York City?s total population is black or Latino; moreover, over 60 percent of homeless families previously lived in four of New York City?s poorest neighborhoods, and over half of the homeless mothers have a history of domestic violence. This paper concludes that it will take years of dedication and focus for New York City to ease the problem of homelessness by creating not only adequate permanent housing for the homeless, which actually will cost less than the present shelter and other emergency care programs, but also available services for those suffering from mental illness and substance abuse.
From the Paper
"According to the Coalition for the Homeless, in the month of August 2004, some 36,400 homeless men, women, and children were sleeping each night in the New York City shelter system, including 15,300 children, 12,700 adult family members, and 8,400 single adults, with many thousands more sleeping on city streets, park benches, and subway trains. New York City?s homeless shelter population has increased by 73 percent since 1998, from 21,000 to the current 36,400. The past six years has seen the number of homeless families sleeping in New York City shelters and welfare hotels increase by 99 percent, from 4,429 families in January 1998 to 8,726 families in August 2004. Moreover, the average stay for homeless families in the municipal shelter system has almost doubled over the past decade, from six months in 1992, to nearly twelve months today."
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The 1906 San Francisco Earthquake, 2004.
This paper discusses the human tragedy and economic loss of the massive 1906 San Francisco earthquake.
1,245 words (approx. 5.0 pages), 11 sources, APA, £ 29.95
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Abstract
This paper on April 18, 1906, San Francisco, California was hit by one of the most devastating earthquakes recognized by man, affecting 430 kilometers of the famous San Andreas fault ranging from northwest of San Juan Bautista to Cape Mendocino, reducing the city into a pile of rubble. The author points out that casualties from the earthquake were severe, with almost 500 deaths in San Francisco and 166 deaths reported in surrounding areas; people wandered about in a state of devastation, shock, helplessness, and sorrow, and thousands were evacuated by the Navy from the city in what was one of the largest evacuations in history. The paper reports that seismology has led to predictions about earthquakes in other areas in the U.S., including Boston and other regions of the East Coast and middle America.
Table of Contents
Geology of the Earthquake
The Human Toll and Economy
Rebuilding a Great City
From the Paper
"The total length of the earthquake was felt for about 290 miles, the largest ever recorded. The magnitude of the earthquake was estimated between 7.7 and 7.9. Because seismology and the study of earthquakes were limited during the early 1900s, an accurate assessment of the magnitude is not possible. There are some accounts that suggest that the earthquake was as great as 8.3, but these are largely unproven. Before this earthquake, little scientific effort was dedicated to seismic research. After the earthquake however scientists took an active interest in the area of seismography and government issued investigations into earthquakes became quite commonplace."
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The French Government, 2004.
This paper discusses the structure of the French government and the problems it creates for the current times.
1,170 words (approx. 4.7 pages), 6 sources, MLA, £ 27.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that there are substantial cultural, political, and economic ?differences? between France and the US, which neither France nor America nor the European Union necessarily wants to exist in their current form as the current century of economic globalization unfolds. The author points out that, despite the explicit borrowing of its democracy from the words of freedom of the relatively young land of America, France, until recently, largely was known for her centralizing tradition in governance. The paper relates that, even in comparison to its sister European states such as Germany or Italy, which also have attempted to tread a middle line between socialism and capitalism since the end of the Second World War, France still has a highly complex and famously bureaucratic civil service system. The paper states that, because of the creation of the European Union resulting in France?s adoption of the euro and eschewing of the franc and the standardization of business procedures, particularly in agriculture, France has been forced to change with the changing political and economic times, thus limiting its formerly strong protectionist position.
From the Paper
"Localities served the national state, rather than vice versa. There are three officially equal structural tiers present in the current French government, according to the national constitution. But while the State does not finance activities outside its own remit, it requires local authorities to help fund some central government projects. The ?the task of the pr?fet,? the representative of the State at local districts of government ?is consequently rendered more complicated because he finds himself forced to ask for funding for State-run projects,? particularly when the state and local parties are different, ideologically and in name."
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Australian Corporation Act 2004, 2004.
This paper provides and overview of Australia?s Corporations Act 2004 (Cth) in relation to the protection it provides for investors.
2,475 words (approx. 9.9 pages), 10 sources, APA, £ 52.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that the provisions contained within the CLERP 9 are applicable to financial periods or year that commenced on or after the first day of July 2004. The author points out that key requirements are (1) disclosure of director?s and executives remuneration packages, (2) review of operations as well as a review of condition, (3) a written declaration to the board made by the CEO and CFO stating that the company is in accordance in terms of accounting standards, and (4) a listing of non-audit services, their costs and explanation of why audit independence is not compromised. The paper stresses that cartels have been outlawed by subsection 45(2) of the Trade Practices Act, which bans contracts, arrangements, or any type of undertakings that have as their intent or are likely to be in the effect of substantially lessening competition or preventing, restricting, or limiting dealings with certain individuals.
Table of Contents
Statement of Thesis
Introduction
Elements Preceding the Change in Law
Corporate Law Economic Reform Program (CLERP 9)
Schedule One Provisions
Recent Development in Trade Practices
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Australian Supreme Court sited in 2003 that: ?the governance of corporate entities comprehends the framework of rules, relationships, systems and processes within and by which authority is exercised and controlled in corporations.? Australia has recently implemented new regulations, which, enhance and harmonize corporation law. The alignment of the regulations with elements that are known to be those of a competent and responsible board of directors in view of strategy determination, performance review, risk management, internal control regulation and reporting to shareholders and stakeholders took effect in June 2004. The hoped for achievements are the elimination of the potential for future conflicts of interest, promotion of financial disclosure as well as the strengthening of those minority investors."
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China, 2004.
An analysis of the politics and economy of modern-day China.
5,547 words (approx. 22.2 pages), 20 sources, MLA, £ 93.95
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Abstract
This paper analyzes the rapid pace of economic and political change in China, explaining that both have shifted into was seems to be an on-going expansion into a capitalist system. The paper contends that, since all of the early reforms, a new class of wealthy and prosperous Chinese has emerged, not to mention the great growth of the Chinese middle class, which is now comparable to that in the United States. The paper describes how China has changed from a socialist society that restricted private lives and affairs to a consumer society with increased economic freedom and individual participation.
From the Paper
"A second influence from China?s past that continues to manifest itself in contemporary Chinese politics is the influence of what is known as guanxi, ?a network of patron/client ties that stretch from the top to the bottom of the Chinese political hierarchy.? 4 This concept clearly reveals that such connections can be explained in terms of the relationship between the major figures and the secondary/tertiary figures in the Chinese political system. With this in mind, the Cultural Revolution is a splendid example of Mao?s manipulation of the guanxi system and his elimination of his rivals, such as Liu Shaoqi and Deng Xiaoping. Interestingly enough, the obvious failure of Hua Guofeng to bring about his position as Mao?s successor between 1977 and 1979 can be traced to his somewhat lacking guanxi connections within the party/state hierarchy; in contrast, Deng Xiaoping who possessed a very wide and complex guanxi network quickly took over as the leader of China following the death of Mao Tse-tung."
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Japan, 2004.
This paper discusses Japan?s economic activity, one of the world's strongest economies.
1,240 words (approx. 5.0 pages), 2 sources, APA, £ 29.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that Japan's global economy, which is a highly industrialized society, is an excellent example of a country that has little geographic area to exploit, and so it must remain economically viable by other means. The author points out that the major manufacturing regions in Japan are mainly congregated along the coast and in the largest cities, such as Tokyo and Yokohama, Osaka, Kobe, and Nagoya. Some of the major industries in Japan include machinery production, automobiles, ships, steel, and high-technology, including electrical goods and electronic appliances. The paper relates that Japanese resources, like the land itself, are less prevalent than in many larger nations; therefore, they are dependent on other nations for many of their non-renewable resources, such as oil. However, they do produce coal, crude oil, and natural gas.
From the Paper
"Japan's agricultural industries are not as prevalent as many others in the world, but what they do have they utilize quite effectively. The Japanese import large amounts of wheat, sorghum, and soybeans, but they grow enough rice to feed their people with a small surplus, and they are beginning to export specialty agricultural items such as Kobe beef. Other agricultural industries in the country include fishing and poultry production. Rice is so important to the Japanese that in ancient times, it was used as money, and it still plays an important part in their culture and everyday lives. Because of this, rice is their biggest agricultural product, but fishing is also important, with significant amounts of salmon, tuna, and various other fish and shellfish harvested and used nationally or exported. They also fish many fresh-water areas throughout the island, making the most of the resources they have and can access."
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The Pacific Northwest and Its Resources, 2005.
A discussion of the impact that natural resources had on determining the demography of the Pacific Northwest.
1,244 words (approx. 5.0 pages), 3 sources, MLA, £ 29.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the role natural resources played in the peopling of the Pacific Northwest, including the natural resources that became commodities and how the commercialization of those resources affected interactions between various groups. It looks at what impact the exploitation of natural resources had on the region's environment. The Pacific Northwest is a diverse area full of natural resources that helped it grow and prosper as the population moved west. The writer concludes that many of these resources have been exploited for years at the expense of the area and its people.
From the Paper
"Comprising the areas of Oregon, Washington, Idaho, Montana, and Canada's British Columbia, the Pacific Northwest is an area known primarily for its natural resources and relationship to the environment. The area is primarily broken into two parts by the ridge of the Cascade Mountains. To the west lies the humid and lush western coast, and to the east lies the drier, arid eastern plains. These environmental areas can be broken down into smaller, more detailed regions that relate to their own specific resources. One Northwest historian notes, "Principal resources include: soils, grasslands, minerals, fisheries, water for power and irrigation, forests, wildlife, and scenic attractions" (Freeman and Martin 119). From the explorations of Lewis and Clark to the first trappers who visited the area, it was quite clear it was an area rich in resources and wildlife, and abundant potential."
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Australian Economics, 2004.
An analysis of the economic situation in Australia.
2,443 words (approx. 9.8 pages), 4 sources, MLA, £ 51.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses Australia's economy and explores what makes it a favorite choice for foreign investors. The paper presents a brief overview of the political and cultural environments in Australia. The paper elaborates on the imports and exports of the country.
Outline
Australia?s Economic Basics
Exports
Imports
Attractions for Foreign Investors
Political Environment
Cultural Environment
Challenges
From the Paper
"It is difficult to find many problems in the Australian economy. Indeed, the country is so vibrant, economically, that its economy is being called a ?miracle? economy. Politically, it is a stable nation, and culturally, it is diverse and healthy. Perhaps the least healthy thing about Australia is that is it one of the skin cancer capitals of the world (Lonely Planet Web site), and it is recommended that one never venture outside without having applied SPF 30 sunscreen to all exposed skin half an hour before. This is good information to have, as the country is an excellent choice for foreign investors, who may want to take a look at what they?ve invested in, and take advantage of Australia?s climate and outdoor attractions, especially water sports."
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Miami, Florida Economy, 2004.
This paper discusses the effect of the 9/11 terrorist attacks on the economy of Miami, Florida.
1,145 words (approx. 4.6 pages), 5 sources, MLA, £ 27.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that because of the 9/11 terrorist attacks Florida is paying a high price for security as companies reevaluate whether to continue doing business in Miami, and if they do remain, what they must do to be successful. The author believes that the economic effect of increased Homeland Security measures, along with the PATRIOT Act, has been tremendously negative, especially in the international commerce industry. The paper states that the Miami economy, as compared to other areas of the U.S., has been slow to recover because of its dependence on sales tax and tourism dollars.
From the Paper
"Yearly equal to $2 billion is generated by foreign-based real estate purchases in Florida, while, the average foreign visitor spends $230 per day on retail, according to the study. A response from Miami-based Star Supply officials was that they witnessed sales drop up to 50 percent at a recent local footwear expo and credited the reduce speed to new visa regulations that banned Latin American buyers from attending. "We are accustomed to having buyers come to us in Miami. With the new travel policies, we will have to go to our customers and look for new markets outside the Americas," a representative of Star Supply said in the survey. "It is not only bad for us, it's bad for the local economy.""
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