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Romanian-Americans, 2009.
A look at the Romanian ethnic group that is considered a fully assimilated group in the US today.
844 words (approx. 3.4 pages), 6 sources, APA, £ 19.95
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Abstract
The paper discusses the factors that substantially contributed to the social inclusion of the Romanian immigrants who came to the US after 1950. The paper explains seven stages of assimilation that were all successfully overcome by the Romanians. The paper asserts that the many associations and societies of Romanians in the US proves that these immigrants have merged their own cultural heritage with that of their adopting country and managed to fit in almost perfectly.
From the Paper
"The Romanian ethnic group is considered today a fully assimilated group in the US today. According to the Romanian-American Network, Inc, the first wave of Romanians came to the United States between 1895 and 1920. (http://www.ro-am.net/index.php?page=ro-am-communities#Anchor-44685 )
"The second wave of immigrants of Romanian origins happened during the Second World War for fear of the Nazi occupation. After the Second WW and during the communist years up until 1989, the Romanians who came into the US as immigrants were political refugees and exiles. After the change of regime in 1989, there was an increase in the number of Romanians coming to the US to stay because they wanted to be rejoined with their families living here or just willing to have better living conditions than they still had in their homeland."
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Ethnic Groups and Discrimination, 2009.
A brief discussion on the early discrimination of whites against racial and ethnic minorities in the United States.
901 words (approx. 3.6 pages), 2 sources, MLA, £ 20.95
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Abstract
The paper relates that the English and the Scots formed the first great waves of immigration into the United States and discusses how the Scots faced segregation and ethnic discrimination as an ethnic group, until they managed to become politically influential and financially successful. The paper then reveals that the Scots eventually established their supremacy over the other racial or ethnic minorities that has allowed many forms of intolerance and overt discrimination to exist at the root of the social system. The writer posits that each individual should feel part of the large multicultural group rather than be isolated according to racial or ethnic criteria.
From the Paper
"The United States was originally formed of immigrants that came to the new-found continent and settled along the coast. Immigration is still an overwhelming force today in America, which has become the land with the most widespread multiculturalism.
"My own ancestors came from Scotland around the 1770's. Initially, upon their first arrival on the continent many of the Scots were subject to both prejudice and discrimination by the groups of British that had taken control in some parts of the land. Coming from a poor country, the Scots faced exclusion from trading between colonies."
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Africa and Gandhi, 2009.
Looks at the current political strife in Africa from the viewpoint of Mahatma Gandhi.
1,580 words (approx. 6.3 pages), 9 sources, APA, £ 32.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the views of Mahatma Gandhi and how he would see the situation in Africa, and especially Darfur, today. The paper looks at affirmative action programs in Africa and their shortcomings as well as the problem of leadership in Darfur, the economic problems there, and the ongoing ethnic conflict. The paper concludes that, were Gandhi alive today, he would be very sad to see what the world has become, not just in South Africa but almost everywhere as people even in so-called 'civilized' countries fight their battles with fists and knives and guns instead of with words.
From the Paper
"Most of these deaths seem to have taken place not from fighting but simply from starvation. People over there make little money of any kind in most cases and they have little to eat. There is often no electricity or clean, running water, and their life expectancies are nowhere near what ours in the United States are. These are the people who Gandhi tried to help the most - the peasant class who essentially had nothing but their spirituality and their beliefs. To stand up to a government takes a lot of bravery, but Gandhi did not believe in fighting."
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Ethnic Literature and Film an America, 2009.
A comparison of the theme of being haunted by a cultural past in M. Night Shyamalan's "The Sixth Sense," Leslie Marmon Silko's "Ceremony" and Esmeralda Santiago's "America's Dream."
2,965 words (approx. 11.9 pages), 5 sources, MLA, £ 55.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the importance of ethnic literature and film in the United States. The paper compares three works, M. Night Shyamalan's "The Sixth Sense," Leslie Marmon Silko's "Ceremony" and Esmeralda Santiago's "America's Dream." It shows how these three works all powerfully reflect variations on the theme of the characters being haunted by their cultural past.
From the Paper
"While ethnic fiction has been a part of the American literary tradition since the United States' colonial days, contemporary ethnic fiction has established a unique and relevant position in the cannon of American literature. Although ethnic literature is praised and enjoyed because of its uniqueness and originality, similar themes exist among ethnic novels and films. By studying these themes, students of literature and film can not only learn about a culture, but they can also find a more important overarching theme--the themes that tie all people together. While the United States' melting pot culture has encouraged all from African-Americans to Hispanics to Asians to contribute to the cannon of literature, ethnic authors are beginning to realize the importance their work has on the library and the classroom across the nation. As students find common threads in ethnic literature and films like the three discussed above, they will begin to compare and contrast the literature and film with other major literature and film publications, thus promoting an ultimate blending of cultures. While much has been done to promote ethnic literature and film in the contemporary era, it is only by the writers and filmmakers' own experience and creativity, like that expressed by Shyamalan, Silko, and Santiago, that a true understanding of ethnic life, ethnic literature, and ethnic themes can be attained."
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The Haunting of Ethnic Writers, 2009.
Looks at the theme of haunting and ghosts in the writings of ethnic authors Toni Morrison, Leslie Marmon Silko and M. Night Shymalan.
3,105 words (approx. 12.4 pages), 3 sources, MLA, £ 57.95
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Abstract
This paper compares the themes of haunting and ghosts in African-American writer Toni Morrison's books "Beloved" and "Sula", native-American writer Leslie Marmon Silko's novel "Ceremony "and Indian screenwriter and film producer M. Night Shyamalan film "The Sixth Sense". The presence of the past, or a haunting, the paper points out, conveys the importance of the past and its inability to be completely forgotten. Next, the paper relates how these ethnic writers establish the theme of haunting and ghosts by using similar characters, who experience similar traumatic events and deal with them in similar ways. Furthermore, the paper concludes that these three ethnic writers employ friction between characters in order to suggest greater social truths.
From the Paper
"Similarly, in Crowe's attempt to deal with the traumatic shooting that changed, and actually ended, his life, the psychologist is torn from the person with whom he has the most important relationship in his life--his wife. Like Nel and Sula in the wake of trauma, the two are unable to continue living a normal existence. In this scenario, however, the rolls are actually reversed. Like Nel, Crowe's wife attempts to live the conventional existence after the shooting, tying to get back into a normal way of living without letting the incident loom over every moment in her life."
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The Yugoslavian Civil War, 2009.
A study of the individual, domestic and systemic causes of the Yugoslavian civil wars.
2,161 words (approx. 8.6 pages), 7 sources, MLA, £ 42.95
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Abstract
The paper considers the causes of the Yugoslavian civil wars on the individual, domestic and systemic levels of international relations in order to determine the implications for the future of conflict in the international realm. The paper shows how the Yugoslav civil war had no single direct cause; it was fueled by a mixture of individuals' ideas and the ruling elite, domestic ethnic strife and systemic alliances made during the First World War. The paper points out that with ethnic conflict still boiling in the Middle East and Balkans, there may be a repeat of this type of war in the future.
Outline:
Brief Summary of Current Research
Individual Causes
Domestic Causes of the War
Systemic Causes
Conclusion and Implications
From the Paper
"Although in the earliest civilizations scholars and learned men were expected to advise the king and military leaders on matters of state, international relations as field concerned with the impartial observation of the interactions and causes of interactions between states is a relatively new discipline. Preceded by the study of foreign relations, in which a student studies the impact of states on the international system on one particular state in order to make policy recommendations, the study of international relations considers more liberally the international system, made up of states, NGOs, and IGOS, when contemplating the cause of international phenomena--like war. Indeed, conflict theory has risen to become one of the most important issues of international relations."
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Black Studies, 2009.
Discusses the grandparent's role in passing on cultural and socialization skills to grandchildren, focusing on the African-American household.
1,150 words (approx. 4.6 pages), 1 source, MLA, £ 24.95
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Abstract
This paper introduces, discusses, and analyzes the topic of socialization of grandchildren. Specifically, the paper responds to the article "Socialization of Grandchildren" and focuses primarily on how African Americans tend to use traditional proverbs to enhance the passing on of cultural and social values from one generation to the next. The paper concludes that grandparents are essential in the passing of cultural and socialization skills and education, and this is especially true in African American households. The use of proverbs to achieve these goals is a long-standing African-American tradition, and many other Americans would do well to put this practice into use with their own children and grandchildren.
From the Paper
"This indicates a strong sense of family and history, again, much more so than many other ethnic groups, and this may explain the close-knit family structure of many African American families, and their strong sense of unity among the family. African American families are close through many generations and branches of the family tree, often more so than other ethnic and social groups and the proverbs these families share seems to be the twine that binds them together and makes them strong."
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"The Village Talks", 2009.
A summary and analysis if the article, "The Village Talks: Racial Socialization of Our Children." by Harriette Pipes McAdoo.
1,247 words (approx. 5.0 pages), 1 source, MLA, £ 26.95
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Abstract
The paper discusses the topic of socialization of children and specifically responds to the article "The Village Talks: Racial Socialization of Our Children." by Harriette Pipes McAdoo. In addition, this paper also discusses the socialization of black children by their families, and indicates how this socialization affects children throughout their lives. The premise of this paper is the oft-quoted comment that it "takes a village" to raise a child, and it investigates parenting techniques of African- American parents, their hopes for their children, and the context of slavery and discrimination that still shrouds these people.
From the Paper
"However, the author makes it quite clear that while Black Americans may share some commonalities with immigrants, they share one enduring dissimilarity, their legacy of enslavement. This clouds the history of Blacks, and still helps shape Black American families today, leaving many Blacks in an inferior position in American society even today. More blacks suffer from poverty, poor education, and lack of opportunities than whites in this country, and the layering of society tend to create a "glass ceiling" that many Blacks cannot break through to reach the next layer of society and societal benefits."
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The Australian Aborigine, 2009.
A review of the identity and discrimination against the Aboriginal nations in Australia.
1,161 words (approx. 4.6 pages), 3 sources, MLA, £ 25.95
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Abstract
The paper discusses the plight of the Australian Aborigine as a result of British colonization. In addition, the paper discusses the traditions, religion and cultural aspects of these people and their suffering as a result of their treatment in myriad forms of injustice and oppression. The paper continues by suggesting a manner in which they could be integrated into Australian society without losing their identity.
Outline:
Social and Economic Organization
Religion and Ritual
Introducing Change
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Aborigines are a very religiously-oriented people. Indeed, as mentioned above, religious is highly integrated in all aspects of their lives. According to the Aboriginal Culture Web page, the religion of these people is based upon a system of various deities represented by the physical world around them. They therefore worship their deities via elements of nature such as plants and rocks. "
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The Hopi Tribe, 2009.
Looks at the Hopi tribe of Northern Arizona especially livelihood issues.
975 words (approx. 3.9 pages), 2 sources, MLA, £ 21.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that the Hopis of the Three Mesas in northern Arizona were hunter-gatherers, but they began subsistence farming about 1200 years after they migrated northward from Mexico. They still are known for growing small, blue ears of corn without any irrigation. The author describes this matrilineal society, their pueblo homes, complex belief system and their dependency on tourism but not on gaming. The paper concludes that the peaceful Hopis are one of the few remaining traditional tribes in the United States, fiercely proud of their heritage and culture.
From the Paper
"The Hopis have a complex belief system, based on their cornfields and the growing season. They believe in over 300 different types of Kachinas, or spirits. They hand carve the Kachinas out of cottonwood roots and other woods and then decorate them with paint and handmade clothing. These Kachina dolls serve as toys for young girls, but they are also extremely popular with tourists who visit the mesas. Many of the Kachinas also participate in the elaborate dances and religious ceremonies held throughout the year."
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Human Rights Violations in Nigeria, 2009.
This paper discusses the human rights abuses in Nigeria.
4,760 words (approx. 19.0 pages), 48 sources, MLA, £ 77.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses human rights violations in Nigerias, noting such violations as the execution of activist Ken Saro-Wiwa and the active participation of the Dutch Shell Oil Company in influencing the Nigerian government to act illegally and in violation of human rights. The paper specifically describes how the dynamics between Shell, Nigerian governmental officials, the environment, and the people work to keep Nigeria on Amnesty International's list of countries that engage in consistent and persistent practices of human rights violations. The paper also discusses the work of NGO's to halt these violations.
Table of Contents:
Introduction
The Story of Ken Saro-Wiwa
Shell Oil in Nigeria
Human Rights Violations in Nigeria
Non-Governmental Organizations
Conclusion
From the Paper
"The change of government, for many Nigerians, represented a change only in the main players of the dynamics in Nigeria. Today, Nigeria remains on Amnesty International's list as a human rights violator for false imprisonment, imprisonment without due judicial process, lack of legal representation, corrupt courts, prison overcrowding to the excessive numbers of prisoners, and reports that some prisoners spend as long as ten years incarcerated before going to trial. The CIA World Fact Book reports that the last two elections in Nigeria, 2003 and, again, in 2007, were "marred" by voting irregularities and violence."
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The Cherokee Culture, 2009.
An examination of the impact of intolerance of tribal religion on the Cherokee over the last 150 years.
1,148 words (approx. 4.6 pages), 8 sources, MLA, £ 24.95
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Abstract
The paper overviews the Cherokee tribe and shows how religious intolerance has virtually destroyed the cultural foundations of the culture. The paper explains the two points of view with regard to the causes of this situation and believes that both these points of view have to be taken into account to understand how various influences led to the decline of the Cherokee culture.
Outline:
Introduction and Background
Religious Aspects and Intolerance
Conclusion
From the Paper
"The Cherokee are one of the largest North American indigenous tribes. They are linked to the Iroquoian linguistic family and the Southeast culture area. (Cherokee) "The Cherokee are the only surviving representative of the southern Iroquoian peoples, the split between the ancestral Cherokee and the Northern Iroquoian occurring about 3,500-4,000 years ago" ( Cherokee Religion).
"Archeological evidence suggests that the Cherokee migrated in the distant past from Texas or northern Mexico as well as the area surrounding the Great Lakes. (Cherokee) They then moved south to the Allegheny and Appalachian mountain regions in modern North and South Carolina, Tennessee, and northern Georgia and Alabama. This was where they were first encountered by Europeans when the Spanish explorer Hernando De Soto arrived in the area in 1540. It is also significant to note that this first encounter with the European culture was a smallpox epidemic that killed approximately eleven thousand Cherokees (Cherokee)."
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Native American Music, 2009.
A look at the history and development of Native-American music.
1,466 words (approx. 5.9 pages), 5 sources, APA, £ 30.95
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Abstract
This paper provides a historical account of Native-American music and explains that the Native-American music made in Europe lacks certain elements that make it unique.
From the Paper
"Before the arrival of Europeans to North America, the native population had developed many complex musical styles. Without written language, music became one of the major modes of cultural expression. The values and histories of entire societies were distilled into their song, their dance and their costume. Today, Native American music is almost always crafted with a heavy dose of European influence. While Native American music today can be reasonably understood to be a reflection of a culture that has experienced significant European influence, at the same time the presence of that influence means that something authentic and unique has been irrevocably removed from the music."
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The Xhosa People, 2009.
An examination of the history, political situation and culture of the Xhosa people of South Africa.
2,711 words (approx. 10.8 pages), 8 sources, MLA, £ 51.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the Xhosa people, who are Black Africans who live in the Republic of South Africa, mainly in Ciskei and Transkei in the Eastern Cape areas. It looks at the history of the people and the political situation they find themselves in, particularly the suffering that was brought on them by the apartheid system. The paper also briefly looks at Nelson and Winnie Mandela and their roles among the people. Finally, the paper discusses the culture and cultural practices of the Xhosa people.
Table of Contents:
History
Political Situation
The National Suicide of the Xhosa People
Culture
Identity
Language
Customs
Clothing
Marriage
Religion
Christianity Among the Xhosa
Cultural Practices
Cooperative Labor and Beer-Drinking
Creativity in Ceramics
Beadwork
Singing
Conclusion
From the Paper
"The Xhosa people were a historically oppressed race by the apartheid system. The inhumane-ness of the system was graphically demonstrated by the struggles and extreme miseries of its heroic leaders Nelson and Winnie Mandela and the people themselves duped into starvation in 1856. Yet they are a people with their own distinct and rich culture. The Xhosa people cherish their own identity as a race, language, customs, clothing, religion, marriage observances and cultural practices. These cultural practices reveal that identity, the experience of oppression and aspirations, which cannot and should not be ignored. Their value of work includes rewarding themselves for their labor through beer parties, a form of socialization. The wounds of oppression and misery find their way into art forms, such as ceramics, beadwork and song. A race, which produced heroes like Nelson and Winnie Mandela, and turns out excellent and deeply meaningful art works, deserves recognition and appreciation from the rest of the world. Their creative talents should be strongly encouraged in achieving their own aspirations as a distinct and valued people."
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