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Environmental Articles on Climate, 2008.
Compares two environmental articles about climate: A. Simms' "Why Do We Owe So Much to Victims of Disaster?" and R. Gelbspan's "Boiling Point: Nature Doesn't Compromise on Global Climate Change; Activists Must Not Either".
985 words (approx. 3.9 pages), 2 sources, APA, £ 20.95
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Abstract
The paper explains that A. Simms in his article "Why Do We Owe So Much to Victims of Disaster?" discusses how society is living way beyond its means in relation to climate. The author then relates that R. Gelbspan elucidates in his article "Boiling Point: Nature Doesn't Compromise on Global Climate Change; Activists Must Not Either" how weather or climate is the premier issue since it threatens all of humanity. The paper evaluates the articles on moral, imaginative and emotional criteria. The author concludes that both articles were not filled with jargon which made them informative and powerful.
Table of Contents:
Introduction
Moral
Imaginative
Emotional
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Gelbspan does not bring the issue of global warming to such a personal level. With Simms, I feel as though he is sitting with me at my kitchen counter helping me balance my check book and showing me that I am in debt to climate just like I am to my credit cards. Although Gelbspan is a more logical article and the rationale is more intellectual the message is still the same as with Simms--the feeling just isn't the same. Gelbspan's passion and imagination come from his bashing of the American people and their representatives."
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Nation States Vs. Transnational Corporations, 2008.
This paper explores whether the nation state is still the most powerful actor in global politics.
2,985 words (approx. 11.9 pages), 13 sources, MLA, £ 53.95
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Abstract
The paper argues that some nation states are still the most powerful actors in global politics, although the prodigious growth of transnational corporations (TNCs) are eroding the power and sovereignty of many of the less developed nation states. The paper utilizes the USA as an example of a state that remains a powerful actor. The paper concludes, however, that given the powerful economic forces that seem to be moulding current events, it is possible that this will not last forever.
From the Paper
"The question of who holds the power in global politics is clearly of pressing interest and concern, as it is the holders of power who will decide the future of our planet. For example, to take the most obvious and pressing current problem: who will decide what our actions should be on global warming? Will it be democratically elected governments of nation states, who have a mandate to protect the best interests of all their citizens? Or will it be TNCs, which have only one mandate - that is, to make as much money as possible? If it is the latter, then our world is in serious trouble, because the best interests of profiteering and the best interests of our planet's ecology are directly at odds with one another. One cannot prosper without the other suffering, and vice versa - at least, not with our existing technologies (Ellwood)."
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Global Warming, 2008.
This paper discusses the impact and causes of global warming, concentrating on the greenhouse effect.
1,123 words (approx. 4.5 pages), 6 sources, MLA, £ 23.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer notes that global warming is an issue that has been occupying Canadian as well as global headlines recently. The writer points out that although the severity of the problem has been recognized for quite some time, global warming has only recently become a 'mainstream' issue amongst Canadians and public interest in putting pressure on the governments of the world, to take action. The writer then discusses that this is a complex and all consuming task that requires extensive commitment and cooperation not just of governments, but also of industries of the world. The writer maintains that the main obstacle cited to pursuing the reduction of the greenhouse gases is the fear that it will negatively impact the economy and cut jobs. The writer concludes that many scientists, including David Suzuki and the United Nations IPCC, believe that any further increase in greenhouse emissions will devastate economies in the long run and keeping greenhouse emissions near current levels would cost only a very small fraction of the world's economic output.
Outline:
Introduction
What is the Greenhouse Effect?
What is Global Warming?
The Effects of Global Warming and Global Climate Change
From the Paper
"The Sun provides earth with great amounts of energy, of which about half is reflected or absorbed by the atmosphere. Ultraviolet light is absorbed by the ozone layer, while infrared (heat energy) is absorbed by the CO2 and water in the atmosphere. The energy absorbed by the earth surface is reradiated back into space. However, while most of the solar energy reaching the earth is visible light, the energy reemitted by the Earth is mainly infrared. This infrared energy is absorbed by the CO2 and water in the lower levels of the Earth's atmosphere. Because of this naturally occurring effect, the Earth's surface temperature is such that the planet is capable of sustaining life. This phenomenon is called the 'greenhouse' effect."
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Criminal Justice: White-Collar Crime, 2008.
An overview of various types of white-collar crime.
2,445 words (approx. 9.8 pages), 11 sources, APA, £ 45.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses issues of white-collar crime: waste in the oil industry, the U.S. government sabotaging the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA), corporate fraud and the sentencing of white-collar criminals.
Table of Contents:
Focus on the Waste Oil Industry
The U.S. Government Sabotaging OSHA
Investigation and Effects of Corporate Fraud
Sentences for White-Collar Criminals
From the Paper
"The number of victims, including crimes with high shareholder losses, is closely related to how offenders are sentenced; perceived intent and responsibility of shareholders frequently plays out dramatically in the media. Media attention may be the cause or the result of stricter punishments for crimes with multiple victims. Despite a few of these high profile cases, including large media frenzies like Enron, white-colar crime is Weissmann and Block (2007) report found that the average federal sentence for fraud in 2005 was a relatively slim 23.6 months in prison."
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Homelessness in New York City, 2008.
A research study on the issue of homelessness in New York City.
1,720 words (approx. 6.9 pages), 8 sources, MLA, £ 33.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the issue of homelessness, in general, and in New York City in particular. The study was undertaken with the intention of illustrating some of the primary causes of homelessness in New York City, so that specific strategies to alliviate the problem itself and issues associated with it, such as crime, can be mitigated. A literature review of research into the subject is also included.
Outline:
Research Problem
Rationale for Study
Study benefits
Literature Review
From the Paper
"Homelessness has been described as a chronic illness affecting all societies regardless of the degree of economic development and overall wealth of the nation. It is pandemic and epidemic in some societies. Some researchers have attributed the cause of homelessness to a series of factors that work to create homelessness from three dimensions: 1) structural or the broader societal problems that may contribute to homelessness such as high unemployment, inflation, or tight housing markets, 2) individual problems that might lead an individual to become homeless such as mental illness, substance abuse, or some type of disability, and 3) governmental policies that may contribute or actually facilitate homelessness through short-sighted un insensitive planning such as a failure to provide emergency relief funds or some other type of social safety net (Burt pars.2-3). Simply being knowledgeable of these causal factors greatly assists both the broader political apparatus as well as governments at the community level to effectively plan and mitigate homelessness to varying degrees. Therefore, this study attempts to assess the specific character of homelessness in a single market, New York City, in order to better define solutions to solve the problems that lead to homelessness specific to New York City."
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An Inconvenient Truth: Can Humanity Survive Global Warming?, 2008.
An outline of how humanity can survive global warming.
1,119 words (approx. 4.5 pages), 1 source, MLA, £ 23.95
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Abstract
The following paper briefly outlines how humanity can survive global warming despite its obvious dangers to human beings. Most notably, the paper looks at how human beings contribute to climate change and thus are uniquely qualified among all the Earth's creatures to reverse the destructive trends that are taking place. In a related vein, the paper looks at how climate change threatens human life and the existence of other organisms residing on the planet. The author concludes that although we are at a pivotal moment in history - we can overcome the problems of today with a clear plan for tomorrow.
From the Paper
"To begin with, Gore's text emphasizes the vulnerability of the Earth upon which we live. Specifically, the Earth's atmosphere is notoriously thin - like a thin coat of varnish spread out over a classroom globe, As Carl Sagan once said (Gore, 22) - and that makes it extraordinarily vulnerable to cosmic forces and to anything humankind might inflict upon it. In particular, Gore argues that human industry is "thickening" the vulnerable atmosphere with carbon dioxide gases that are simply not permitting infrared radiation to escape out into the universe. As a result, the temperature on the Earth's surface is rising steadily, threatening the delicate equilibrium that has allowed human life (and other forms of life) to flourish for so long (Gore, 26-27). The question, then, of whether or not human beings can survive in spite of themselves seems fairly clear; to wit, if we can negatively affect the composition of the atmosphere with our huge manufacturing industries, then we can also positively change the composition of that same atmosphere by embracing environmentally-friendly practices. Seen in that light, human beings really can survive global warming insofar as it lies within our power to change atmospheric conditions for the better."
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Bats vs. Wind Power, 2008.
This paper looks at how wind turbines are destroying the bat species.
1,306 words (approx. 5.2 pages), 4 sources, MLA, £ 27.95
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Abstract
The paper discusses how wind turbines are possibly attracting and killing bats and other wildlife. The paper relates that bats are a "keystone" species responsible for plant dispersion and pest control and serious environmental problems will result if bats die out. Since wind energy is of vital importance, the paper maintains that more research needs to be done to discover ways to avoid bat death on wind farms.
From the Paper
"Energy is a "hot button" issue in politics and in the news. Finding new ways to produce energy domestically, and free of additional pollution sources like coal, is important to people and governments around the world. Wind power offers cleaner energy production than coal and many other methods, and is less controversial than nuclear power (Williams, 20). Wind power has already proven a successful source of alternative power in the European Union. As a result, new wind farms have been built in a number of United States locations, including New York state, California, Pennsylvania, and West Virginia (Whittelsey 39). The new wind farms have been lauded as an answer to the call for cleaner energy. However, the one downside cited by environmental impact studies is that migrating bats and birds are regularly killed by the wind farm turbines(Whittelsey, 39). These animal deaths seem to happen at wind farms in all areas of the country."
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Gas or Electric Automobiles: Which One is Better, 2008.
A discussion as to whether vehicles run on natural gas or by electricity are better.
932 words (approx. 3.7 pages), 4 sources, APA, £ 20.95
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Abstract
This paper argues that the natural gas vehicle is better than the electric vehicle (EV) - chiefly because it remains somewhat more convenient to re-fuel, and because the long-term durability of the EV remains in doubt. The author outlines the strengths of each and in the final analysis, while giving a slight advantage to a natural gas-propelled vehicle,he states that purchasing either type will turn out to be a judicious choice.
From the Paper
"To begin with, it is simply inaccurate to suggest that gas automobiles are chronic polluters; in truth, a car or truck operating on natural gas can be quite clean. For instance, natural gas is overwhelmingly methane in composition and it is, as an added benefit, derived from plant materials. More importantly, clean gas automobiles tend to produce a very low amount of "dangerous" (carbon monoxide) emissions. If that is not good enough, then critics of gas automobiles should bear in mind that clean gas is very abundant, is a viable alternative to other fuel products, and is quite cheap ("Clean Gas Products," para.1-5). All in all, gas automobiles are operating on a fuel that is more than accessible and does not (assuming it is natural gas) cause great complications to the surrounding environment."
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Community Conceptual Model, 2008.
A discussion of the social ecological model with particular focus on health issues in the baby boomer generation.
1,255 words (approx. 5.0 pages), 3 sources, APA, £ 25.95
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Abstract
This paper examines the social ecological approach and community intervention with regards to the baby boomer generation. The paper points out that the social ecological approach focuses on various factors, which may affect the health of the members of the baby boomer community. The paper also explores how this approach conoirms to the nursing process. It concludes that the social ecological model aptly illustrates how baby boomers are located in and affected by social, economic, and political systems, which determine their access to resources and their behavior that may be either conducive or detrimental to maintaining health.
Outline:
Introduction
The Social Ecological Model
Community Intervention
Social Structure, Policy, and Systems Spheres of Influence
Model Application to Nursing Process
Community-based Partnership
Conclusion
From the Paper
"The ecological approach initially was designed during the 1920s and 1930s at the University of Chicago's sociology department to explain urban social change and especially changing rates of crime. Robert Park and Ernest Burgess originated the approach which was based upon the study of plant ecosystems since plants and animals exist in mutual harmony and in a state of interdependence. The social ecological approach was developed in the Laboratory of Social Ecology at Stanford University in 1984."
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Geothermal Energy, 2008.
This paper highlights the benefits of geothermal energy as an alternative to fossil fuels.
1,084 words (approx. 4.3 pages), 5 sources, MLA, £ 22.95
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Abstract
The paper relates that geothermal power is safe, efficient, a proven technology and does not pollute, add to global warming or involve great expense. The paper explains that the main shortfall is only that geothermal resources are not available everywhere. The paper also points out that promoting geothermal plants in countries like North Korea or Iran could help control the arms race by offering alternatives to nuclear power.
Outline:
Brief History of Geothermal Energy
What is Geothermal Energy?
Benefits and Shortcomings
From the Paper
"Today geothermal energy is the primary source of power in Iceland, providing a majority of the needs for the capital Reykjavik, a modern city of 300,000 people located in a very cold climate. Geothermal energy is still used in Italy and its use has increased steadily in New Zealand, California and Japan. It has also grown steadily as a source of energy for Third World or developing economies as well, representing 27% of the total electricity generated in the Philippines, 12.4% in Kenya, and 11.4% in Costa Rica. (Dickson and Fanelli, 2007)."
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Lemieux Landslide, 2008.
This paper discusses geomorphology and looks at the Lemieux landslide in Canada.
2,187 words (approx. 8.7 pages), 8 sources, MLA, £ 41.95
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Abstract
The following paper looks at the Lemieux landslide that unfolded near Casselman, Ontario, in June of 1993. In particular, the writer looks at the geo-morphological history of the region wherein the slide took place and what characteristics of the local landscape made the landslide possible. Furthermore, the paper discusses how the local topography has changed since 1993 and the extent to which the academic literature has been able to offer new insights into the characteristics of the curious Leda Clay that makes landslides in the region of Casselman, Ontario relatively commonplace. Finally, the paper delves into what sort of financial incentives might be propelling research into the stability of the Lemieux Landslide territory and what the likely prospects are for successful development.
From the Paper
"Because Robinson's article pertaining to the Lemieux Landslide was penned less than three years ago, it remains worthwhile reading for those interested in how the site has changed in the intervening several years. To start with, Robinson informs his readers that there has been considerable erosion of the once-daunting sides of the crater, and re-vegetation has taken place on various spoil piles. Not to be overlooked, the South Nation River has carved an incision into the remaining debris. Despite these changes, one does not have to look for very long to see how many of the striking features of the original landslide - most notably its length and the considerable width of its destructive swath - remain conspicuous.
"At this juncture, some more time should be devoted to the Lemieux Landslide's history - or, to be more specific, the events that made the 1993 landslide possible. To begin with, Robinson's discussion of the curious Leda clay found in large quantities in the area deserves more elaboration."
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Intersections Between Climate Science and Politics, 2008.
A discussion of the global warming debate between science and politics.
2,184 words (approx. 8.7 pages), 10 sources, APA, £ 41.95
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Abstract
This paper examines the basic evidence of scientific consensus on the issue of climate change and reports on the science and facts behind that consensus. The paper explains that it is quite evident, after even a cursory examination of this information, that global warming is a real phenomenon with human beings as the primary causative factor. The paper looks at the politicization of the science of global warming in order to demonstrate how actors within politics and the media, especially in the United States, have consistently manipulated scientific data and language, and deceived the public into believing there is actually a scientific debate regarding global warming. The paper then points out that climate change is no longer being ignored in policy forums and debates, and a significant political shift in the United States is already occurring. In conclusion, the paper shows that today, the reality of global warming is becoming more accepted and the new question is what can be done about it, and this is a promising development for the future of intersections between climate science and politics.
From the Paper
"When it comes to the issue of climate change, the media and science aren't exactly on the best of terms. Climate change, especially in the United States, is a major political issue argued with fervor and passion from both sides of the apparent debate. What is so intriguing about this political furor is the fact that the scientific community has largely come to a resounding consensus that not only is global warming real, but also that it is largely anthropogenic in origin."
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Land Usage and Energy-Saving Initiatives, 2008.
This paper assesses the economic implications of the environmental initiatives in the City of Charlotte, North Carolina.
1,700 words (approx. 6.8 pages), 4 sources, APA, £ 33.95
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Abstract
This paper explores the city of Charlotte's dilemma between the ethical issue of pollution and the building of successful business enterprises in the local region. The paper examines the various solutions to the dilemma, selects an optimal plan, and explains the advantages of a balanced approach to a five year capital investment plan for the city.
Outline:
Introduction
Situation Background
Problem Definition
End-State Goals
Alternative Solutions and Benchmarking Validation
Analysis of Alternative Solutions
Optimal Solution
Implementation
Conclusion
From the Paper
"The appropriation of land development in North Carolina is a regional issue, which is decidedly impacting the environmental balance in the city of Charlotte. One major issue involving this problem is how major corporations and land developers are involved in massive expansions that threaten the environmental sanctity of the area by building on lands vital for ecosystem integrity. These issues revolve around the issues of land usage, long-term economic budgetary allowances, and the need for green building initiatives in the regions of Mecklenburg County. Also, the problem of expansion threatens Charlotte, as it is one of the fastest growing metropolitan areas that are using land at an exponential rate to its environmental capacity."
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Hurricane Katrina and Disaster Planning, 2008.
A case study analysis of the strengths and weaknesses of the implementation of the National Response Plan (NRP) for Hurricane Katrina.
2,114 words (approx. 8.5 pages), 9 sources, APA, £ 40.95
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Abstract
This case study analysis discusses the implementation of the National Response Plan (NRP) under the National Incident Management System (NIMS) of the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) of the United States government in response to the disaster of Hurricane Katrina in 2005. The paper examines both the weaknesses and the strengths of the implementation of the NRP in New Orleans and Louisiana in August and September 2005. The paper concludes with recommendations for the future.
Table of Contents:
Project Summary
Size of the Project
Implementation Process
Environmental Setting
Leadership
Implementers
Beneficiaries
Communication
Evaluation of the Success of Implementation
Lessons Learned
Recommendations
General Conclusions
From the Paper
"Given the political cost to President Bush in the wake of Katrina, the federal government seems to have decided that partnerships with local and state agencies are no longer effective. Instead of waiting for requests for assistance from state and local officials, the federal government has instituted policies that require proactive intervention by the federal government in the anticipation of any disaster. The implementation of disaster planning - pending further review of the role of FEMA - will be heavily militarized, with primary responsibility lying with Northcom; the U.S. Northern Command that was set up in the wake of 9-11 to deal with military crises on American soil. Thus, weeks after Hurricane Katrina, when Hurricane Wilma threatened Florida, President Bush overrode the wishes of his brother, the Governor of Florida, and made a three-star general the primary leader for implementation of the NRP in that case (Sylves 37). Thus, pending a radical revision of FEMA, the primary lesson learned from Katrina has been the necessity for proactive leadership over partnership, as exemplified by military command-and-control structures."
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