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Post-Soviet Culture, 2006.
An examination of how the individual states coped as individual nations after the collapse of the USSR with a focus on the Ukraine and Estonia.
1,100 words (approx. 4.4 pages), 7 sources, MLA, £ 23.95
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Abstract
The dissolution of the USSR was a traumatic event for all fifteen nations. They suffered significantly both militarily and economically. This paper examines how Ukraine turned towards ethnic nationalism as a means of finding some semblance of structure in their new lives as an independent nation. It also looks at how Estonia too turned to ethnic nationalism and instituted an unprecedented level of religious freedom where a state church no longer existed.
Outline
Introduction
Aspects of the Post-Soviet Experience that are Common to All 15 Countries:
Distinctive Experiences in Two Countries in Two Different Regions:
The Ukraine
Estonia
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Working under the auspices of "shock therapy", Soviet-era price controls were removed. This was instituted in hopes of luring goods back into the severely under stocked stores found throughout the Russian Federation. Hyperinflation ensued and much of Russian industry was near bankrupt. Entrepreneurs and black marketers thrived, while those on fixed incomes, like the elderly suffered. Stabilization in the form of tight monetary policies sought to counter this, but ended up causing widespread hardship, as many of the state enterprises found themselves without product orders and without funding. A protracted depression ensued across the Federation ("History")."
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Post-Soviet Era, 2006.
This paper analyzes the social, cultural, economical and political problems that arose in Russia, after the fall of the Soviet Union.
1,361 words (approx. 5.4 pages), 4 sources, MLA, £ 27.95
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Abstract
The writer of this paper contends and proves that the fall of the Soviet Union did not solve the pre-existing economical and political problems of the U.S.S.R. This paper examines how different moral and cultural values, compared to those of other western countries, contributed to Russia's downfall, in the Post-Soviet era. The writer discusses the fact that former Soviet Union countries are currently rife with poverty, poor social infrastructure and corruption. While democracy reigns in Russia at present, this paper delves into the current situation of former republics of the U.S.S.R., which are considered to be on par with third-world countries. This paper focuses on the growth of nationalism and religious extremism, which has become prevalent in Russia, in recent years. This paper also examines the lack of democratic institutions, along with no experience of actual democracy, which has resulted in a shift towards totalitarianism, in many post-Soviet republics.
From the Paper
"Foreigners who visit former Soviet Union countries are often shocked by existing poverty, poor social infrastructure and corruption which erodes society from inside. It may be explained taking into consideration different historical factors: Soviet Union was based on strict dictatorship, where the interests of individual were not taken into consideration. Individual got basic facilities for living: in 1930's it was a great progress as USSR turned into a quickly developing industrial economy from a conservative and outdated agricultural one. Formal equality of all citizens created favorable conditions for unavoidable corruptions which made citizens to exploit their positions illegally in order to improve the living. There is an ethical explanation too: several generations of Soviet people didn't know what religion and morality are, as the official religion of the USSR was atheism."
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Ethnic Diversity, 2003.
This paper examines the topic of immigration, while focusing primarily on the difficulties encountered by the elderly that immigrate to America.
706 words (approx. 2.8 pages), 9 sources, MLA, £ 15.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the important differences in social customs between former communist countries and the U.S., that impact on immigration as well as immigrants. The writer of this paper contends and explains that although many nationalities have established support systems already in place, many support networks geared towards elderly immigrants continue to remain weak. This paper discusses the many challenges faced by elderly immigrants to America. This paper shows why younger immigrants have a distinct advantage over their elderly counterparts, in terms of coping ability and a diminished need for a support system. In this regard, elderly immigrants from the formerly communist nations of Eastern Europe in general and the Czech Republic, in particular, are faced with various profound changes in their lives upon their arrival in America, which are discussed in this paper.
From the Paper
"While many nationalities have such established support systems already in place, many such immigrant support networks remain weak today. Furthermore, these elderly citizens will likely be accustomed to a level of respect and honor that may be missing from the cultural setting upon their arrival in the United States, further contributing to the potential for "culture shock." According to Haskins, culture shock is "a feeling of impotence that results from the inability to deal with the environment because of unfamiliarity with cognitive aspects and role-playing skills; we usually think of culture shock when we imagine immigrant groups visiting or moving to a new country." There are opportunities for culture shock across all measures for new immigrant, many of them unperceived and unexpected from the host nation's perspective."
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Armenian Culture and Identity in America, 2006.
This paper focuses on the Armenian refugees that came to the U.S. in the 19th century, primarily to escape religious prosecution, while also discussing if and how they adapted to America's culture.
1,268 words (approx. 5.1 pages), 4 sources, MLA, £ 26.95
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Abstract
The writer of this paper details the events that resulted in the formation of a sizeable and significant Armenian presence in America. One reason the Armenians fled their country was that they would have faced extinction had they stayed. The writer contends and explains why the Armenian cultural influence is not as strong as that of other minorities in America. It is believed that some 150,000 Armenians currently reside in North America. This paper examines the various reasons Armenians have failed to have an impact on American culture while also discussing the fact that most young Armenians have quickly assimilated and accepted the more powerful culture of the U.S. The writer contends and explains why Armenian culture has had some influence on U.S. culture but that the reverse influence is far greater in magnitude and impact.
From the Paper
"Armenian culture has had some influence on the US culture but the reversed influence is far greater in magnitude and impact. While we can say that the shape of American culture today is developed with the help of bits and pieces from other cultures including Armenian, there is no denying the fact that Armenian youth is no longer as interested in their own culture as they are in the more powerful American culture.
When they first came to the United States, things were different. Armenians were influential in the sense that they had a better grip on their roots, heritage and culture. They did not assimilate quickly and resisted it for some time. Since they were mostly concentrated in one area, they interacted more often and had their institutions built in the area."
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Marxism, 2006.
An overview of Marxist history and ideology.
4,409 words (approx. 17.6 pages), 12 sources, MLA, £ 70.95
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Abstract
Marxism is the political experience and social theory framed upon the works of Karl Marx, a renowned German philosopher, economist, journalist, and revolutionary of 19th century, and a close associate of Friedrich Engels. This paper examines the history of Marxism and its ideology. It then provides a biography of famous Marxists Karl Marx, Vladimir Lenin and Mao Zedong. Finally, the paper compares and contrasts between Lenin-Marxism and Mao-Marxism.
From the Paper
"Lenin introduced Bolshevism by revealing a merciless, rigid and life and death struggle against the scopes available within his own Party, those generated hurdles in discovering the Party as militant and disciplined precursor of the proletarian class. Mao had always laid emphasis on development of a Communist Party on the basis of revolutionary working style in consonance with the Marxist-Leninists principle and line."
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Russia and The European Union, 2006.
This paper examines the various reasons why Russia is still not a member of the European Union.
1,274 words (approx. 5.1 pages), 3 sources, APA, £ 26.95
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Abstract
This paper focuses on the evident rise of Russian nationalism, which is a result of the domestic media and various political players who want to keep Russia isolated from western influences. This is only one of the reasons Russia has not yet joined the European Union (EU). The writer of this paper analyzes the Russian government's displeasure with the EU due to the addition of several countries from the former Soviet bloc, including: Latvia, Lithuania, Malta, Slovakia and Slovenia, which resulted in Russia abstaining from joining the EU. This paper also discusses the EU's dissatisfaction with Russia's handling of their ongoing conflict with breakaway Chechnya as well as Russia's federal control which signals a departure from democratic decision-making.
Table of Contents:
Introduction
Why Did the Russian Government Decide Not to Join? (Reasons & Primary Sources)
Domestic Debate: Press, Positions by Major Political Actors, Parties, Interest Groups and Prominent Opinion Makers
Conclusion
Bibliography
From the Paper
"A recent survey conducted by the Russian Center for National Problems and Reforms yielded an insight into Russian domestic ideology as it pertains to the west. Twenty-two percent believed that Russia is a superpower and that any problems should be solved independent of the west. Twelve percent believed that closer ties to the west are imperative is necessary if there is to be economic reform. Eighteen percent want to return to socialism as existed during Lenin's regime. Fifteen percent are centrists and pragmatists who believe that Russia should foster relationships with the west and with middle eastern and Asian neighbors when it suites the country's needs. A look at these domestic statistics reveals that the liberal democrats are losing ground, and the Radical Conservative/Nationalist political position is taking greater hold even over more moderate positions."
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Unemployment in Europe, 2006.
This paper explores the effects of the free market revolution which took place in the 1980s and the resulting mass of unemployment still plaguing Europe and the former Soviet Union in particular.
2,877 words (approx. 11.5 pages), 3 sources, APA, £ 52.95
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Abstract
This paper focuses on the rising unemployment in Europe. With approximately 35 million unemployed in the industrialized countries and uncounted millions more in the developing world, the issue of joblessness has finally reached the top of the global political agenda. This paper details the results of the free market revolution of the 1980s which consisted of collapsing industrial economies, deepening poverty, homelessness, crime and a rising tide of racism. The writer of this paper contends that unemployment and job creation are finally being given top priority in the global agenda. This paper discusses the various plans and strategies that are being implemented to combat unemployment, including the establishment of job-switching schemes. Job-switching, which has been piloted in Denmark, provides for long-term unemployed people to be trained and educated specifically in order to substitute for employed workers while they are on paid educational leave or vocational training. This well-researched paper contains unemployment statistics and relevant information of various countries in Europe, including Hungary. While unemployment has been in existence in Hungary for only a few years, it has become the main cause of increased social tension. This paper also details the situation in the former Soviet Union, in which the unrestrained free market economics has brought about an economic catastrophe.
From the Paper
"Why not combine the two problems in one solution? This is the basic and simple principle of job-switching: unemployed people take over the vacancies of the employed, while the employed are at the same time engaged in further education. AOF in Denmark had tried out this job-switching model for a couple of years and it has proven to be a success, and the activities are spreading all over Denmark in companies and in the public sector as well, and now all over Europe as well. The main target group for AOF is employed with short education and long-term unemployed. The job-switching model operates with education, training courses and work-experience for the unemployed, before he or she is actually going in to the company in the vacancy. The further education of the employed stresses general and also creative qualification, but also more traditional skills may be part of the further education."
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Korea: A Time of Unhealing National Division, 2006.
This paper examines the changes that have occurred in Korea over the past fifty years.
3,243 words (approx. 13.0 pages), 8 sources, MLA, £ 56.95
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Abstract
In this paper the author examines the changes that have occurred in Korea over the past fifty years. In his paper, the author starts with the history of Korea and the circumstances behind the divide into North and South. The author looks at both Koreas and what happened to them during the Second World War. He examines the economic and political aftermaths of the war and provides an overview of the political and economic situation today. The author details the conflicts that arose between North and South Korea; in particular he notes military efforts by North Korea over the years to infiltrate the South. The paper does point out that few societies have changed as rapidly, however, as South Korea's, in the past fifty years. He highlights how a nation of mostly poor peasants under the control of Japan has evolved into a dynamic industrial society. The paper concludes with a look at the difficult task of uniting both Koreas, which the author believes is near impossible unless there is a power struggle in the North, which would eliminate the current dictatorship
From the Paper
"So, what was the aftermath of the Korean War? "The ideological significance of the Korean War was never in doubt; it was essentially a Cold War eruption fuelled by an American intervention designed to prevent a popular revolution." This from an author who seems to have pro-North sympathies. Yes, it was a Cold War eruption, and yes, it was to keep an American ally, Syngman Rhee, in power. As briefly mentioned above, Rhee was able to use the War as a means of tightening his control over south Korea. In fact, by 1956, he was able to force the Korean legislature to reverse the two-term Presidential limit, so he could continue in power. Rhee controlled the press, fomented violence against dissenters with youth gangs, and, under the umbrella of being "needed" by the Western powers in their fight in the Cold War."
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Diary of Solomon Borenstieein, 2006.
A journal-style review of the life of Holocaust survivor, Solomon Borenstieein
1,180 words (approx. 4.7 pages), 13 sources, MLA, £ 24.95
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Abstract
This paper is written as if the personal journal of Solomon Borenstieein, a Holocaust survivor from Vilna, Poland. The paper includes eight entries, tracing Solomon's life from his childhood to the Nazi occupation of Poland, the ghettoization of Warsaw, the deportation to the death camps, his harrowing experiences at Auschwitz and his liberation by Soviet troops at the end of the war. The paper is about one real man's life and survival, but it is also tells the story of the Jewish experience during the Holocaust.
Introduction
November 16, 1938
September 20, 1939
March 5, 1942
January 10, 1943
October 14, 1943
October 31, 1943
January 29, 1945
From the Paper
"My name is Solomon Borenstien. I was born in the city of Vilna, Poland in 1926. I am proud of my town because the Jewish people hold a very prominent place there. Many people consider it to be the capital of the Jewish world, like Israel was in the olden times. In fact, Eastern Europeans call my town "Jerusalem deLithuania." We have a library in Vilna called Strashun. It is the biggest library of Jewish learning in the world. If anybody in the world really wants to learn anything about Jewishness, they have to come to my home town. That is why I am proud of being born in this city. (Zitler 6)"
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"The Cold War", 2006.
Examines Martin Walker's book, "The Cold War: A History."
1,777 words (approx. 7.1 pages), 1 source, MLA, £ 34.95
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Abstract
This paper is a discussion of the book, "The Cold War: A History" by Martin Walker. The paper shows how the book gives a very detailed account of the events, characteristics, problems and legacy of the Cold War.
From the Paper
"As with any war, the conflict is used to determine or maintain the balance of power, provide for governmental succession, and/or a confrontation of ideological viewpoints. The Cold War was all of these. The balance of power in the world was being fought between the United States and the Soviet Union, or as Walker calls it, using a Reagan era term, the "Evil Empire". This included the governments worldwide that supported or were supported by one side or the other. Since the Cold War began with the fall of Germany after World War II, part of the maneuverings of the early part of the Cold War was to determine the political succession for the rule of Germany, which had the potential of determining the balance of power in Europe."
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Ethnic Divisiveness, 2006.
A look at how Eastern Europe countries have been failed by their governments and the nations of the world.
2,457 words (approx. 9.8 pages), 3 sources, MLA, £ 45.95
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Abstract
The breakup of the Soviet Union in 1991 resulted in a number of newly independent nations, whose borders were frequently based on old geopolitical lines without regard for the ethnically based demographics involved. Without a central government in place in many of these regions of Eastern Europe, basic public services have failed, economies have faltered or collapsed and wars have broken out between ethnic factions within these countries. This paper discusses the cultural, political and social divisiveness which has resulted from a paucity of central governmental services in some of these new nations in Eastern Europe, and provides an analysis of the causes for the violent confrontations which have taken place in the recent past.
From the Paper
"The ethnic populations which constitute a nation are up in arms against the weak states. These ethnic populations of Eastern Europe (and elsewhere in the world as well) have mobilized for war. Passions run high in light of the long-term nature of many of the ethnic disputes, and the belligerents are not now going to settle for anything short of their perceived ethnic and historical legacy of land and liberty. The problem in Eastern Europe is, however, that almost all of the people share this common legacy and who is to say whose claim is stronger. The next few years will prove to be bloody ones for the nations of Europe in search of a state unless the international community can provide better and more creative alternatives. "
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Xenophobia and the German People, 2006.
This paper explores the reasons behind Germany's tendency towards xenophobia and the government's plan to change the nation's attitude.
1,959 words (approx. 7.8 pages), 14 sources, APA, £ 38.95
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Abstract
This paper describes Germany, an active member of the European Union, as one of eastern Europe's richest and most populous nations, yet the country still has a major problem with its citizen's tendency toward xenophobia. This paper examines the history of Germany which was the only group of tribal people that were never conquered by the Romans. So much of western thought, the system of law and government as well as our view of the world is still marked by the influence of ancient Greco-Roman culture, which would explain why Germany may not have this same mindset. The writer of this paper details the differences between today's Germany and that of the middle ages and the 19th century. The concerns of the native Germans during those periods extended to the influx of the Jewish people and the anti-Christian activities of the Gypsies. This paper discusses the various strategies and methods being utilized by the government to combat xenophobia in Germany and improve the country's image around the world.
From the Paper
"Rome still may have contained the migration of the Germans if the now powerful Roman Catholic Church did not declare Arian Christianity Heresy and begin to burn its adherents at the stake. From that point on, the German people never were entirely comfortable with the Roman Papacy. The German tribes were not conquered during Rome's time of greatest influence, and only were brought into the world of non-Arian Catholicism by ruse. It is possible because of this separation; there existed a sense of difference between the people of Germany and almost everyone else who inhabited Europe through the time of Charlemagne and the Middle Ages. The Internet site, Alien Travel guide tells us that Ancient tribes such as the Franks, the Goths, the Teutons and the Vandals once inhabited the region of Germany."
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The Marxist Philosophy, 2006.
This well-researched paper explores the birth of the Marxist movement and its effect on eastern European countries both before and after the fall of the Soviet Union.
1,981 words (approx. 7.9 pages), 15 sources, APA, £ 38.95
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Abstract
This in-depth paper examines the introduction of the Marxist movement which began in the 19th century with the historic publication of Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels' "Communist Manifesto." This paper details the negative aspects of a capitalist society and the advantages of socialism, including the positive effects on education, literacy and national healthcare. This paper focuses on the eastern European countries, including Lithuania, Croatia and Russia, that adopted both Communist and Marxist approaches to society and government.
Table Of Contents:
Introduction
Marxism
National Minority System
Government
Education
Health and Welfare
Constitutional Government
Education
Bibliography
From the Paper
"The ideas of both class struggle and classless community were already familiar in Marx's time. The notion that economic interests in society necessarily are in conflict has been traced as far back as Thucydides, while the first decades of the 19th century were rife with sundry socialist critiques of the existing economic order and attempts to found utopian, classless communities. Marx coupled these two ideas in a novel way. The problem of every utopian writer is not to describe what his utopia looks like but to suggest how one achieves it. In his theory of history, Marx adopted the idea of the class struggle as the driving mechanism in the sequence of events that would culminate in the classless society."
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