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The Canada-U.S. Softwood Lumber Trade Dispute, 2002.
An outline of the current dispute and who is affected by the protective duties.
844 words (approx. 3.4 pages), 5 sources, MLA, £ 21.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the softwood lumber dispute between the U.S. and Canada which strained already hostile relations between the two neighbors. It examines the justification for the U.S. ?protective? tariffs for guarding their own lumber industry, while there are several hundred thousand Canadian forestry workers unemployed. It looks at the negotiations between the two countries with U.S. officials unwilling to compromise and evaluates whether the Canadian lumber industry survive under these restrictions imposed by its number one importer.
From the Paper
"The duties imposed adversely affect many while benefiting few. The seven million US workers employed by the housing and forest industries are virtually unaffected by the tariffs and the consumer price will only rise due to the tariffs. While the rise of housing costs in the US may be excused as a boom in the housing market, the real reason lies within its framing of more-expensive domestic lumber. Some Canadian mills have shifted from processing softwood lumber to processing specialized products, such as pallets, posts, and rails. The lower price at which the Canadian mills can supply, in comparison to US mills, has attracted the attention of the US consumer, therefore crippling a small part of the industry the duties were designed to protect."
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The 2006 Canadian-U.S.A. Softwood Lumber Agreement, 2007.
This paper discusses the Canadian-U.S.A. softwood lumber dispute, the 2006 agreement and the role of the public interest group, the British Columbia Lumber Trade Council.
3,250 words (approx. 13.0 pages), 8 sources, APA, £ 66.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that, in the Canadian-U.S.A. softwood lumber dispute, Washington objected to the low Canadian lumber prices; whereas, the provinces of Canada saw their role as regulating lumbering so that the mainly Crown lands on which it takes place are maintained ecologically well. The author points out that the 2006 agreement removed the tariff on Canadian softwood, but also established export taxes that will kick into place should the price of lumber drop too low, thus preventing Canadian exporters from "dumping" or selling lumber in the United States at prices less than what goods cost to produce. The paper stresses that Canada like many Third World countries, is a raw material exporter, subjected to prices and rulings made elsewhere and with whole local or even national economies revolving around particular commodities and their related industries.
Table of Contents:
Introduction
Canada's Objectives
The British Columbia Lumber Trade Council
Concluding Notes
From the Paper
"Critics said that there should be no duty paid by Canadian forestry companies, in the first place, that Americans either wanted to buy lumber that they could not produce in the United States to keep up with demand, or they did not. A Duke University expert on international economic law wrote that the 2005 negotiations that have gone before the present Softwood Lumber Agreement of 2006 involved Washington being made aware of having reacted too quickly to the earlier situation. Some Americans realized that they were on 'thin ice' in terms of the position taken against Canadian producers of lumber, by suddenly charging tariffs, in view of the NAFTA."
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The 2005-2006 Canadian Federal Election, 2006.
A critical analysis of the 2005/2006 Canadian federal election.
2,250 words (approx. 9.0 pages), 6 sources, £ 63.95
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Abstract
This paper analyses the 2005-2006 Canadian federal election in which the Conservative Party under Stephen Harper won a minority government by defeating the Liberal Party under Prime Minister Paul Martin, which had itself won a minority government just over a year before. The paper discusses how the lack of an overwhelming majority victory by any single political party in these elections means that the structure of the Canadian electoral system has a particularly significant impact upon the determination of which party will form the government and, perhaps more importantly, what policies will be implemented by that party.
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The Canadian and U.S. Leadership, 2005.
A comparative analysis of the power of the Canadian prime minister and the president of the United States.
2,392 words (approx. 9.6 pages), 10 sources, MLA, £ 52.95
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Abstract
This paper analyzes the symbolic and formal powers of the president of the United States as well as his relationship to the legislature and judiciary. It then looks at the power of the Canadian Parliament and the role of the prime minister within this system. Finally is compares the two in terms of "real power", which for the purposes of this analysis, is defined as the ability to effectively exert their influence to the extent that they can alter or control the political direction of their nations.
From the Paper
"America was founded on an intense distrust of government. The Revolution left them with a caustic distaste for a centralized system and thus is the basis for the underlying principle of their polity; which binds politicians and political bodies alike, not to a national government but to the Constitution. By contrast, Canada was founded on more peaceful circumstances. They did not share the Americans venomous hatred toward the Crown, rather their independence stemmed primarily from internal conflict. Ironically, the major external force that was a critical factor in their decision to confederate was the Americans themselves (since as it became apparent that the North was going to win the Civil War, the citizens of the provinces feared that the Americans would seize this opportunity to expand on their territory)! "
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The Canadian Mosaic vs. The U.S. Melting Pot, 2001.
The advantages and disadvantages of both countries cultural policies and analysis of the impact of the structures on each?s society.
1,700 words (approx. 6.8 pages), 7 sources, MLA, £ 39.95
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Abstract
Canada is internationally recognized as a culturally diverse nation that emphasizes the concept of ?The Mosaic?. No other country in the world encompasses inhabitants from so many different backgrounds who exhibit strong loyalty towards Canada, while still preserving their cultural heritage. This is contrasted to the American ideal of the "Melting Pot", which attempts to shape all of their citizens into a set mold. Canada?s philosophy is believed to be more effective and respectful than that which is possessed by our American neighbours. The following discusses the advantages and disadvantages of both approaches, and analyzes the impact of the structures on each country?s society.
From the Paper
"Canada is world renown for being one of the most tolerant, welcoming, and democratic countries in the world - a dynamic mosaic of multiculturalism where people live and work together in harmony. Over the past 150 years, more than 14 million people have immigrated to Canada, with 16% of the 30 million citizens being first-generation immigrants. The Government of Canada is committed to a policy of diversity designed to preserve and enhance the multicultural heritage of Canadians, while striving to achieve equality in the economic, social, cultural and political aspects of Canada. In 1991, the Department of Multiculturalism and Citizenship conducted a survey, which revealed high levels of Canadian values and identity. Six out of ten interviewees portrayed a "deep emotional attachment to Canada" and 95% believe they can be proud of being a citizen and of their ancestry simultaneously. As a nation, Canada is continually becoming more diverse in its practices, which requires residents to expand their knowledge and appreciate other cultures."
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The U.S.-Canadian Border, 2004.
Looks at political issues surrounding the U.S.-Canada border.
2,224 words (approx. 8.9 pages), 8 sources, MLA, £ 49.95
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Abstract
This paper explores the the issues that the United States and Canada share regarding their common border and how these issues are being dealt with. The paper first presents a brief history of Canadian statehood, followed by a history of U.S.-Canadian relations. The paper goes on to discuss the effect the September 11th bombing of the World Trade Center has had on U.S.-Canadian border relations and issues.
From the Paper
"The United States and Canada have shared a long and friendly history together. Next door neighbors on a geographic scale, these two countries share one of the longest borders in the world. While this border is guarded at certain points, it does not have guards at every point, making it also one of the longest unguarded borders in the world. For most of their history together, the United States and Canada have had few, if any, problems concerning their shared border. However, the September 11 terrorist attacks on the United States have complicated the border issues somewhat between the two countries. Things are now different than they used to be, but people are not certain in just what direction things are going regarding the border."
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The U.S. and the U.N. Rights of the Child Convention, 2002.
This paper discusses why the U.S. hasn't signed the treaty on the U.N. Convention on the Rights of the Child.
5,060 words (approx. 20.2 pages), 8 sources, MLA, £ 90.95
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Abstract
This paper presents a detailed examination, written from a legal standpoint, of the treaty on the United Nations Convention on the Rights of Children. The paper concludes the U. S. is willing to intervene in other international problems, such as oil; and therefore, it should make a public statement to protect the world?s most precious commodity, children, by supporting the treaty.
Table of Contents
Introduction
What Is It
What It Protects
What about the Legal Standpoint
Why Is Treaty Needed
Why Won't the U.S. Sign?
Reasons for Signing the Treaty
From the Paper
"While there are many political reasons that the US may refuse to sign the treaty, one of the chief causes for concern might be the establishment of an International Criminal Court. Many UN delegates support the idea of an International Criminal Court but the United States has been steadfast in its refusal to agree. An international criminal court might begin the slippery slope of descent to the power of individual nations when it comes to many issues including the treaty.If the international criminal court gains favor and power in the future it is feasible that the court could be used to enforce the treaty."
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Multiculturalism in the U.S. and U.K., 2005.
This paper presents an analysis regarding the doctrine of multiculturalism.
904 words (approx. 3.6 pages), 4 sources, MLA, £ 22.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer discusses the doctrine of multiculturalism. The writer offers an analysis of why such a doctrine is problematic. In order to examine the issue of multiculturalism, the writer uses examples from the public education systems in the U.S. and Great Britain to show the difficulties in treating all cultures as equal.
From the Paper
"Multiculturalism is defined by the Ayn Rand institute as the view that all cultures are equal. While this doctrine is often adopted in spirit if not in principle in the U.S. and Great Britain, multiculturalism is problematic as a term. For if all cultures are equal we cannot say that there is one superior way of being, one superior set of values or one superior method of educating individuals. However societies like America and Great Britain often adopt such methods values ... "
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The Canada-US Softwood Lumber Agreement of 2006, 2007.
This paper examines the 2006 softwood lumber agreement between the federal governments of Canada and the United States, which creates a medium-term solution for a long-running trade dispute between the two countries.
2,460 words (approx. 9.8 pages), 16 sources, MLA, £ 53.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that the origin of the dispute between the federal governments of Canada and the United States is the belief of U.S. lumber companies that lumber in some Canadian provinces, such as British Columbia, is subsidized by the lumber coming from Crown lands where its cost is cheaper than if it came from private lands. The author points out that, although Canada disputes this view, it accepted the Canada-US Softwood Lumber Agreement of 2006, which cancels any legal actions and duties with regard to the softwood lumber issue, as a way of resolving the trade problem and returning billions of dollars the U.S. government has claimed in duties over the past five years. The paper relates that the public interest group, the Forest Products Association of Canada (FPAC) did not advocate one policy to government but attempted to work with the government to create a "unified" approach, which best reflects the diverse interests of its member companies.
From the Paper
"Canada had a number of objectives in entering into the free trade agreements with the United States. In general, these different objectives may be grouped under the one overriding priority of the Canadian government, which was to secure open and unthreatened long-term access to the large U.S. market for Canadian exporters. This was an important issue for the Canadian government as Canadian industries in the last decades of the 20th century were growing increasingly dependent upon the United States as their primary export market."
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"China's Economy: U.S. and E.U. Get Tough on Textiles", 2005.
A review of the article "China's Economy: U.S. and E.U. Get Tough on Textiles".
900 words (approx. 3.6 pages), 5 sources, £ 25.95
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Abstract
"This paper discusses an article from the Economist Intelligence Unit, a publication of The Economist, entitled "China's Economy: U.S. and E.U. Get Tough on Textiles" as it relates to the price pressures on apparels in the U.S. market. These issues are examined from a macroeconomic perspective with an emphasis on Keynesian and neo-classical macroeconomic theory.
From the Paper
"Following the end of quotas on textile imports from China as of 1 January 2005, both the United States (US) and the European Union (EU) have witnessed a massive influx of textile imports from China: "U.S. imports of Chinese clothing swelled in January, a rush of new products following the end of international quotas that for decades had limited global apparel trade" (Chinese, 2005, para.1). While increases have been across the board, three categories in particular have seen huge increases: cotton knit shirts, blouses and cotton trousers, and these have been targeted for renewed protectionist quotas by both the US and the EU (China, 2005, para.2). "
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The U.S. in Texas: U.S. Support of the Texas Revolution, 2000.
Discussion of the many political and social reasons the U.S. entered the battle for independence and eventual statehood in Texas.
1,260 words (approx. 5.0 pages), 7 sources, £ 30.95
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From the Paper
"Texas has added many economic, political and strategic advantages to the United States. But Texas was not acquired by the simple task of colonization and claim; Texas was fought for and won from the Spanish Empire by the people of these United States. They did not enter this conflict without reason or resolution; they entered this battle for independence and eventual statehood for many political and social reasons. First, the already great abundance of United States immigrants in the Spanish State of Texas, or Tejas, at the time of the revolution aided in the approval in action by the U.S. Secondly, the comparisons of the citizens of Texas predicament to the United States? own revolution also aided in the agreement on U.S. initiative. Finally, the American dislike of the Spanish Empire and its wish to dissolve its influence in North America aided as well in American entrance into the affairs of the Texas Revolution."
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The U.S. and the E.U, 2003.
An examination of the differences between the United States of America and the European Union.
690 words (approx. 2.8 pages), 6 sources, MLA, £ 16.95
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Abstract
This paper examines how the organization and intent of the European Union differs from the organization and intent of the United States of America. It looks at the development of the E.U.'s original intent to a broader sociopolitical scope and the economic and sociopolitical dimensions of the organization of the United States.
From the Paper
"McCormick states that the original purpose of the European Union was to promote trade links between member countries which is still one of its main functions. However ..."
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Canada-US Softwood Lumber, 2007.
An analysis of the reasons for and implications of the 2006 Softwood Lumber agreement between the US and Canada.
2,447 words (approx. 9.8 pages), 17 sources, MLA, £ 53.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the 2006 Softwood Lumber agreement between the United States and Canada. It describes the reasons for the agreement and its implications. The paper also discusses the different interests of the Canadian federal and provincial governments in terms of this agreement and their role in implementing the agreement. It then analyzes Canada's objectives in entering into the two free trade agreements with the United States (the FTA and NAFTA) and how it relates to the Softwood Lumber agreement. Finally the paper looks at the BC Lumbar Trade Council and its role in supporting Canadian interests in the Canada-US softwood lumber dispute.
Table of Contents:
Overview of the Softwood Lumber Agreement
Free Trade Agreements
The BC Lumbar Trade Council
From the Paper
"In this analysis, the advocacy strategy of the BCLTC is not only audacious but is also reflective of the nature of the proposed softwood lumber agreement and the importance of this agreement's structure to the lumber industry in British Columbia. The fact that the organization is willing to go to the extreme step of implying that its members would scuttle the agreement if they do not get what they want in subsequent drafts is political brinkmanship of the highest order. While this power and strategy is unusual for most Canadian interest groups, it is reflective of the complex and long-running nature of this dispute in British Columbia, as well as of the provincial industry's desire for long term stability in its trade with the United States."
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Macroeconomic Analysis of U.S. Economy, 2007.
This paper provides a qualitative evaluation of the first quarter 2006 U.S. economic performance and a forecast for the future performance of the funeral service industry.
1,064 words (approx. 4.3 pages), 8 sources, MLA, £ 26.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer discusses that according to U.S. government economists, the U.S. economy was adversely affected by a sharp increase in energy prices in mid-2005; however, these prices had fallen to their earlier levels by the end of the year. Furthermore, the writer notes that the impact of Hurricane Katrina continued to be felt in those regions of the country most severely affected, but government economists report that this event had little influence overall on the nation's GDP growth at the beginning of 2006. The writer points out that the funeral service industry is enjoying major growth today, and these trends are expected to continue in the future. Further, the writer maintains that shifts in the demographic composition of the U.S. will clearly have a pronounced effect on the funeral service industry, just as it will on allied healthcare services.
Outline:
Qualitative Evaluation of First Quarter 2006 U.S. Economic Performance
Forecast for the Future Performance of the Funeral Service Industry
From the Paper
"Although the housing industry experienced mixed growth, but overall this industry appears to be on a downward trend following several years of robust growth; by contrast, business was expected to reap the increasing benefits from costs of scale production and innovation in telecommunications and computer-based applications. According to the Fed's Open Market Committee meeting minutes, outlays for equipment and software had regained their strength by early 2006, and capital spending continued to be healthy with the business sector's output expanding significantly."
"During this same period, many firms enjoyed large cash surpluses as well as price declines for high-tech equipment that has caused decreases in user costs. Likewise, in his remarks at the Greenlining Institute's Thirteenth Annual Economic Development Summit at Los Angeles, California on April 20, 2006, Federal Reserve Board Chairman Ben S. Bernanke reported that while the nation's economic performance can be discerned through both qualitative and quantitative indicators; however, the chairman also emphasizes the need to extend this analysis to the social and economic data at the community level."
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