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The 2000 U.S. Presidential Election, 2006.
An analysis of Vice President Gore's concession speech and President George W. Bush's victory speech.
5,250 words (approx. 21.0 pages), 6 sources, APA, £ 93.95
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Abstract
This paper uses the Kenneth Burke Pentad approach to analyze the speeches of Vice President Al Gore when he conceded the 2000 presidential election and President George W. Bush when he declared victory. The paper begins with a brief discussion of the contentious nature of the 2000 elections, culminating in the courtroom drama over the recount in Florida. Next, the paper provides a detailed explanation and overview of Burke's pentad approach to communication, which the paper then applies to the two speeches. The paper concludes that while reflected differently, the speeches had essentially the same message: the process is bigger than the person.
I. Introduction
II. Introduction to Kenneth Burke's
Pentad Theory of Persuasive Communication
III. How Ratio Leads to Motive
IV. Perfection
V. The Pentad of the Speeches
1. Gore's Concession
2. Bush's Victory Speech
A. The Act
B. The Scene
C. The Agents
D. The Agency
E. Purpose
VI. Ratio
A. Gore's Ratio
B. Bush's Ratio
VII. Gore's Motive
VIII. Bush's Motive
IX. Perfection
X. Conclusion
From the Paper
"December 13, 2000 concluded a Presidential Election unlike any that proceeded it. The date marked the concession of Vice President Al Gore, to future president George W. Bush. It was the closest United States Presidential Election of all time, and it concluded in the Supreme Court of the United States. The decision of that court would ultimately place the most powerful political position in the world, the Presidency of the United States, to George W. Bush, the governor of Texas. The election was filled with controversy, including an apparent flawed system of voting, a state, Florida, responsible for deciding the election, that was run by the to be President's younger brother, and a mere count of 300 votes that would change the future forever."
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Effects of Religion on the 2000 Presidential Election, 2001.
A discussion of how religion had a significant role in the presidential campaigns of the year 2000 in the U.S.
2,510 words (approx. 10.0 pages), 11 sources, £ 54.95
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Abstract
This paper demonstrates that religion and personal worldview played an increasingly public and important role among candidates and voters during the 2000 Presidential election process in the U.S. The author examines the influence religion had on various political parties such as Democrats, Republicans, and other parties.
From the Paper
"If the only stance one can take in public life is to remain mute about one?s most deeply held beliefs, then the election process is diminished. The American public requires a basis for knowing and evaluating the core values that shape our leaders? actions and policies. Without the increased role of religion in the presidential election process, voters would be forced to speculate as to what the underlying political philosophy of a potential president might be. If values rooted in religious tradition (or any other philosophical worldview, for that matter) are an important element of a candidate?s decision-making process, the public ought to know this. Religious discussion only helps in the selection of good leaders who desire to lead the country down a moral road."
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2000 Presidential Election, 2004.
Looks at the legal consequences of the U.S. Supreme Court decision regarding the Presidential elections in 2000.
1,389 words (approx. 5.6 pages), 3 sources, MLA, £ 33.95
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Abstract
This paper explains how the decision of the U.S. Supreme Court regarding the 2000 Presidential elections blurred the lines between the three branches of government and made expediency of more importance than rule of law. The paper also points out that, at the time the decision was made, the majority of the justices of the Supreme Court had been appointed by Republican presidents, either Reagan or Bush Sr. The paper also talks about the importance of precedence in Supreme Court rulings and how the decision made by the Supreme Court on the 2000 elections will have a ?trickle down? effect not only on subsequent sitting Supreme Court decisions, but on the character of decisions made generally in the courts of the United States.
From the Paper
"The dissenting opinions make it clear that the dissenters were acting on the principles set out in the Constitution, and according to the proper Constitutional structure and field of action of each branch of government. Justice Souter, agreeing with Justices Stevens, Ginsburg and Breyer, noted that the three issues before them were ?straightforward.? Among those issues were whether the Florida Supreme Court?s interpretation of the election results violated a state law; whether the Florida Supreme Court had exceeded its powers in allowing a recount, and that those powers should have resided in the state?s legislature, and; whether the variety of standards for interpreting the hard-to-read ballots constituted violation of equal protection or due process. Souter dismissed that third claim out of hand."
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The 2004 U.S. Presidential Election, 2005.
This paper discusses the 2004 U.S. Presidential election, including background, election results and an assessment of what each campaign did right and wrong.
1,700 words (approx. 6.8 pages), 5 sources, APA, £ 39.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that, although the 2004 Presidential elections were not as contentious as the 2000 election and may not go down in history as one of the worst election in history, it certainly changed the way many politicians look at elections and the way the Democratic Party will attack elections in the future. The author points out that the campaign issues were quite clear and quite emotional on both sides: President Bush ran on a conservative ticket, opposing moral issues such as gay-marriage, abortion and gun control: whereas, Senator Kerry's focused on the positive and was far more liberal on just about every issue, from gay marriage to foreign policy. The paper states that Senator Kerry's campaign could not rouse the American people as much as President Bush's could and it seems that many of Kerry's supporters and political advisors did not know how to advise Kerry; therefore, he seemed to "flip-flop" on many of his positions.
From the Paper
"Election week was a flurry of campaigning, political ads, and polls. In the Showdown States, many voters complained of numerous phone calls and in-person visits from both parties, along with many special interest groups who were employing every measure they could in a last ditch effort to elect their specific candidate. The polls showed the election was extremely close (nearly 50-50), and so, the campaigning was much more intense than many people remembered in previous years. The battle for electoral votes seemed all in Kerry's favor early in the election results, when many East Coast polls closed. Kerry won in many East Coast states, including New York and Massachusetts, but Bush carried the states in the Midwest, such as Missouri, Illinois, Iowa, Nebraska, and of course, Ohio. These states tend to be more conservative in their outlook, and are traditionally Republican strongholds, and this was the case in 2004."
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Presidential Election 2000, 2002.
Discusses the history of presidential campaigning in the United States, focusing on the 2000 elections.
1,400 words (approx. 5.6 pages), 7 sources, £ 37.95
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Abstract
Historically, presidential campaigns have provided a forum for discussing change and expressing uniquely American ideals and ideas. In the past, heated campaigns have generated great excitement. Although the 2000 presidential race has been described as close with an unpredictable outcome, for lack of clear-cut ideals the campaign has stirred little passion among voters. This paper traces the history of presidential campaigning and examines what makes this one unique.
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U.S. Presidential Elections, 2002.
A review of the 1984 presidential election compared to that of 2000.
3,395 words (approx. 13.6 pages), 13 sources, MLA, £ 68.95
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Abstract
This paper reviews and compares the 1984 and 2000 presidential elections in the U.S.A. Beginning with a brief history of the electoral/political system in America, the paper than offers a look at a number of issues, comparing the outcome in 1984 to that in 2000. The first issue is that of the candidates themselves, followed by the role of the media during both campaigns, an analysis of the victories, the gender gap, third party impacts and finally a conclusion which looks at the overall picture of the 2 elections.
From the Paper
"What distinguishes the 2000 campaign from the 1984 campaign is that neither is an incumbent for the office they are running for. Both are members of the Baby Boom Generation, the first time in history this has happened, since both of President Clinton's opponents were from the G.I. Generation. Vice President Al Gore is running to extend the eight-year Democratic control of the White House. The son of the late Senator Albert Gore Sr., the Vice President has 24 years' experience in government as a Congressman, Senator and Vice-President."
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2000 Presidential Election, 2002.
Centers on Bush v. Gore and the U.S. Supreme Court's decision (5-4) to end a recount in Florida, resulting in Florida's electoral votes giving George W. Bush the Presidency.
1,575 words (approx. 6.3 pages), 3 sources, £ 39.95
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Abstract
Centers on Bush v. Gore and the U.S. Supreme Court's decision (5-4) to end a recount in Florida, resulting in Florida's electoral votes giving George W. Bush the Presidency. Closeness of vote. Litigation. Criticism of Supreme Court's decision as partisan & politically motivated. Analysis of a critique of the case from January 2001 edition of California Bar Journal that finds the Court's decision indefensible from a legal standpoint.
From the Paper
"Pundits predicting a close vote in the 2000 Presidential race could not have imagined just how close it would be. So close that the outcome would not be determined for more than four weeks after the November 7 election, and then only after the United States Supreme Court interceded to end a recount in Florida. That decision has been widely criticized as purely partisan and politically motivated. If accurate, the Court's decision contravenes the spirit (if not the letter) of the Court's Constitutional mandate. One of the most thoughtful critics of that decision has been law professor Erwin Chemerinsky. This paper will analyze Chemerinsky's critique of the case, which appeared in the California Bar Journal's January 2001 edition.
This litigation began almost as soon as the election ended."
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Two U.S. Presidential Elections, 2002.
An analysis of the 1984 and 2000 elections.
2,925 words (approx. 11.7 pages), 14 sources, £ 73.95
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Abstract
Analysis of the 1984 and 2000 elections. Background of the two-party system. Significance of the 2000 election as the first time in 124 years that the candidate who won the national popular vote lost the electoral vote. Compares the candidates of 1984 and 2000. Role of the media in Presidential elections.
From the Paper
"Analysis of the U.S. Presidential Elections of 1984 and 2000
Introduction - The Birth of the Two Party System
Prior to the election of 1840, America did not have a two-party political system. Federalists and Democratic-Republicans contested elections in the early republic, but they were more representations of class and regional power than political parties. From 1812 to 1824, during the "era of good feelings," there was only one political party, and Presidents James Madison and James Monroe ran virtually unopposed (Shulman, M1).
After a 4-year interregnum in which Andrew Jackson - the man who won the most electoral votes in the election of 1824 - was denied his victory in the House of Representatives in favor of John Quincy Adams, Jacksonian Democracy - a further development of..."
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The Presidential Elections of 1876 and 2000, 2001.
830 words (approx. 3.3 pages), 6 sources, £ 20.95
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Abstract
This paper presents the similarities between aspects of the presidential election in 1876 between Republican Rutherford B. Hayes, and Democrat Samuel Tilden, and in 2000, between Republican George Bush and Democrat Al Gore.
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Presidential Elections in the U.S. and Taiwan, 2001.
Compares the 2000 campaigns in both countries. Nature of 2-party system. Role of media. 1984 Presidential campaign. Gender gap. Relationship of Taiwan & China. Change of power in Taiwan.
5,625 words (approx. 22.5 pages), 17 sources, £ 96.95
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From the Paper
"The election in Taiwan in March 2000 was significant because it involved the first time in the history of the Republic of China that power had changed from the traditional ruling party, the Kuomintang or KMT, to another party, the Democratic Progressive Party, which had very different policies for the governing of the nation and its relations with mainland China and the rest of the world. Examining the change of power between the Clinton Administration and the coming Bush Administration as a result of Campaign 2000 may reveal some interesting information regarding the role of media and the changeover between parties."
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Four Close U.S. Presidential Elections, 2001.
Discusses 12th Amendment to the Constitution (the Electoral College) & elections of 1824, 1876, 1888 & 2000.
1,350 words (approx. 5.4 pages), 3 sources, £ 33.95
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From the Paper
"The Electoral College has served its purpose under the Constitution for more than 150 years. It has operated quietly, smoothly and effectively, so much so that the general public is hardly aware of its existence except when there is a close election (Hoffman, 935).
The most complicated bit of governmental machinery which the modern world has to exhibit is that which is employed in the selection of the chief executive officer...for the United States...It is almost marvelous that any people should have preserved political unity for a century under such a loose and decentralized system of election of its chief..."
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The Presidential Election and the Supreme Court, 2002.
A look at the Supreme Courts involvement in the 2000 Presidential elections.
1,900 words (approx. 7.6 pages), 4 sources, £ 50.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses whether the Supreme Court was an issue in the 2000 presidential campaign, what kinds of justices the candidates would be likely to appoint, what the current status of the Court is, what influence the makeup of the Senate has on the process, and whether Supreme Court appointments are likely to have the outcome that the candidate intended.
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Presidential Election and TV, 2006.
An analysis of the effect of television on voting outcomes during a presidential election.
4,394 words (approx. 17.6 pages), 20 sources, APA, £ 82.95
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Abstract
This paper analyzes the effect that television has on the voting public at the time of a presidential election. It focuses on how much viewers are influenced by what they see and hear on the television. The paper examines the question of whether or not voters make their decisions based on an understanding of the issues, or if issues no longer count in the presidential race, but rather votes are bought by professional image makers, pollsters and spin doctors.
From the Paper
"Since it first began, communication research has gone through a number of different phases. Early work sought to uncover evidence of a strong, direct media influence that led to changes in individuals' behavior. When voting studies in the 1940s and 1950s found that the findings were mixed on the effect of this persuasive influence, mass communications researchers focused on understanding more about the nature effects and the more subtle aspects of the mass media's influence."
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The Iraq War and the Presidential Election, 2004.
An examination of how issues of safety affected the outcome of the 2004 presidential election in the United States.
1,450 words (approx. 5.8 pages), 6 sources, MLA, £ 34.95
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Abstract
The months leading up to the 2004 presidential election between John Kerry and George W. Bush were filled with commentaries and speculations as to what issues most concerned voters. This paper shows that, from a vast array of topics such as health care, employment, social security, taxes, abortion and gay rights, voters at the polls on November 2 proved that what they were most concerned about was safety, thus homeland security and the Iraq war took center stage over all the other societal issues.
From the Paper
"In an October 30, 2004 article for Newsday, Ken Fireman said that during the last days of the campaign, Bush returned to the theme that has sustained him throughout the year: "that he will be more resolute and aggressive than Kerry in battling the terrorists who struck the country on September 11, 2001" and was aided in pressing this theme home by the sudden reappearance of Osama bin Laden on tape outlining his reasons for ordering the September 11th attacks (Fireman 2004). In contrast, Kerry talked about refocusing his campaign on domestic issues such as jobs and health care, yet never quite managed to do so, and has continually been drawn back into exchanges about Bush's handling of Iraq and the war on terror (Fireman 2004)."
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