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The Letter of Credit Payment Mechanism, 2008.
This brief paper is a summary of the letter of credit payment mechanism including its usage, importance and contribution as a financial tool.
856 words (approx. 3.4 pages), 3 sources, MLA, £ 21.95
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Abstract
This study defines and describes the payment mechanism of the letter of credit, its usage and importance in international financing, as well as the contribution of this financial tool to the risk reduction in commercial and non-commercial transactions. This paper is concluded by the ending thoughts of the author regarding the above mentioned topic.
Outline:
Definition of the Term Letter of Credit
Importance in International Transactions
Letter of Credit Reduces Risk in Commercial Transactions
From the Paper
"The letter of credit is used by many commercial players in the world market, especially for the individual advantages and benefits it brings. From the seller's point of view, the letter of credit promotes certainty that all the conditions mentioned in the import-export contract are integrally observed, within the established period and the amounts stipulated in the documentation. The Seller may also offer the buyer a supplier credit, having a specific financing method: the submitted documentation is discounted under the particular export letter of credit - in this way, the payment will be made by the payer's bank soon after the date of the shipment, and not on maturity like in the usual case. In case the exporter is an intermediary among an international transaction, it can transfer the letter of credit to other subcontractors, or can cede the encashment resulted from this particular payment instrument. The importer has the certainty that the payment is realized only if the shipment of merchandise is performed only in the stipulated conditions, as these conditions must be demonstrated using the documents submitted by the exporter."
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Women in Sports Management, 2008.
This paper discusses the trends and implications of women in sport management positions in the United States.
908 words (approx. 3.6 pages), 3 sources, APA, £ 23.95
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Abstract
This paper assesses whether there still remains a "glass ceiling" for women in regards to sports management positions. Specifically, the paper looks at the roles of women in current management positions, the numbers of women that have achieved these positions in both the professional and intercollegiate leagues and the significance of the increases in women's positions within sports. The paper takes the position that although there has been evidence showing great strides for women in this industry, women remain under-represented, with jobs possibly even declining in intercollegiate athletics. Thus, specific guidelines should be required to ensure that equal opportunity is available for women.
From the Paper
"Furthermore, at the collegiate level, the number of women in sports management positions has actually declined in recent years. According to Cunningham and Sagas (2004), following the inception of Title IX in 1972 (which prohibited sex discrimination in schools thereby enhancing the funding provided to women's teams), the number of women in leadership positions in collegiate athletics (e.g., coaching and administration) has dramatically decreased. These authors emphasize that at the amateur level, 'Women essentially have been squeezed out of key leadership positions over this time frame. When Title IX was enacted, a female administrator directed over 90% of women's athletic programs. However, by 1984, 31.6% of all collegiate programs did not employ any women in athletics administrator positions' (p. 411). While the most recent reports indicate a slight increase in the number of women in sports management positions at the collegiate level, almost 20 percent of all collegiate athletic programs still do not employ any women in their administrative structures (Cunningham & Sagas, 2004)."
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The Sago Mining Crisis, 2008.
Analyzes the communication issues relating to the 2006 coal mine explosion at the Sago Mine, Sago, West Virginia.
2,040 words (approx. 8.2 pages), 6 sources, MLA, £ 45.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that the tragedy of the Sago Mining crisis, one of the worst mining-related disasters in United States history, goes beyond the deaths of the miners and includes a vast network of miscommunication and uncoordinated response, which were partially responsible for the wide-spread death caused by the explosion. The paper presents a case study of this crisis that includes an in-depth overview of the crisis timeline, with pre-crisis, crisis and post-crisis events, and an analysis of the crisis management plan and its implementations. The paper concludes that the crisis management failures were a lack of communication, especially underground, because of out-of-date technologies, rescue process plan and the rescue teams.
Table of Contents:
Introduction
Research Questions
Crisis Timeline
Methods of Research
Analysis
Conclusion
Implications
From the Paper
"Prior to the Sago Mine explosion, the Federal Mine Safety and Health Administration cited the Sago mine two hundred and eight separate times for regulation violations in 2005 alone. Out of these, ninety-six were considered to be significant and substantial violations. Further, the West Virginia Office of Miners' Health, Safety and Training issued 144 citations on Sago Mines in 2005, many of them for violations that were most likely factors in causing the accident (such as a failure to maintain control over methane and dust accumulation or fix shafts)."
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Criminal Acts Committed by Business Professionals, 2008.
This paper discusses the mismanagement and criminal acts of the three companies, Tyco International Ltd., Bear Stearns and Fannie Mae.
825 words (approx. 3.3 pages), 4 sources, APA, £ 20.95
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Abstract
This paper takes a look at the three specific companies of Tyco International Ltd., Bear Stearns and Fannie Mae, stating that all have committed criminal business acts due to the greed of their executives. In the case of Tyco, the company's three top executives, CEO Dennis Kozlowski, CFO Mark Swartz and Chief Legal Counsel Mark Belnick allegedly took loans without receiving approval, sold shares without telling investors, and fixed the company's books by inflating operating income, among other acts. The article next describes Bear Stern's mismanagement as "toxic waste", referring specifically to the largely failing hedge fund the company ran with investor and client money. Lastly, the paper discusses Fanny Mae's over six years of financial fraud. Again the paper concludes that head executive cashed in on millions of personal bonuses, leading the company to years of misstated earnings, merely because of their personal greed.
Outline:
Tyco International Ltd.
Toxic Waste ala Wall Street
Nothing Funny about Fannie Mae
From the Paper
"Pure in simple, what Bear Stearns did was not prudent fiduciary and fiscal responsibility but bloated speculation born out of greed and wanting to make a "fast buck." People trusted them with money - some of them their life savings and hard earned cash - and when the truth of their financial mismanagement came to light, they had the gall to ask for more to bail them out from their own wrong doing. As a result of ethically and morally questionable financial mismanagement, Bear Stearns of Wall Street redefined the term toxic waste in money matters considering when they ask people for their money in the first place, they were selling them s--t and when the caca hit the fun, they hide behind obtuse and highly technical mumbo-jumbo that aims only to save their own hides at the cost of the investors. The way Bear Stearns acted is like a thief caught in one's home and the thief asking the victim for bail money."
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US Trade Policy with China and Civil Liberties, 2008.
This paper is a detailed analysis of the literature relating to the United States trade policy with China and its affects on civil liberties within China.
3,270 words (approx. 13.1 pages), 9 sources, APA, £ 66.95
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Abstract
This work makes a thorough review of the available literature relating to U.S. trade relations and policy with China, as well as the impact that free trade has had upon human civil rights and democracy in the country of China. The paper states that one of the important outcomes of free trade in the country of China has been the reduction of poverty. This in turn, according to the paper, has lead to growing power vested in citizens of the country and less power vested in the ruling party. Furthermore, it asserts that the rapid change in China has been termed to be a 'transformation' in many primary aspects of living demonstrated in the improved economic and financial aspects in China, as well as serving to impact political aspects in the country as well. The paper concludes that the government in China does not appear to be ready to shun the economic benefits of trade liberalization even if that means making room for the effects of democratization that goes along with economic benefits.
Outline:
Introduction
Idealism versus Realism
Free Trade: U.S.and China Trade Relations
Trade Liberalization and Democratization
Creeping Democratization (Minxin, 1995)
Summary and Conclusion
From the Paper
"The work of Ying Ma relates that in spite of what the United States or even the citizens of China may desire, 'the Chinese Government has so far quashed and neutralized pressure for fundamental political change. Beijing controls and stunts precisely those instruments that contribute to the success of broad-cased domestic opposition: It cracks down on political opponents, co-opts potential ones, and indoctrinates the masses. It is eagerly attempting to maximize economic modernization while minimizing its liberalizing effects.' (Ma, 2007) Ying Ma states that there are several 'concrete steps' that might assist promotion of democracy in China. The first of these steps is that 'the United States should not wade into the quandary of slowing Chinese economic growth and cannot stop the Chinese government from institutionalization itself or co-opting its rival political groups,...' however it is possible that the U.S. can do more toward combating 'other sources of authoritarian resilience by strengthening China's political opposition and countering the regime's restriction of coordination goods that range from press freedom to the ability to organize.'"
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Yangpin's Noodle, 2008.
A research into the marketing strategy of an American-Chinese restaurant, known as "Yangpin's Noodle", with suggestions for improvement.
1,687 words (approx. 6.7 pages), 3 sources, APA, £ 38.95
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Abstract
The paper investigates and discusses the problems associated with a Chinese -American food outlet known as Yangpin's Noodle. The paper discusses marketing strategies, plans and demographics for improving positioning and gaining market share in the American restaurant market.
Outline:
Key Issues
List of Alternatives
Analysis of the Alternatives
Recommendations
From the Paper
"(i) The core competency of the Chinese-American restaurant can be applied to formulate a competitive edge through provision of products or services which the customer's value compared to products or services which the competitors are offering. The competitors of the Chinese-American restaurant are considered to be the pure-play Chinese restaurants. Further there are fast-food outlets such as McDonald's and the Japanese food outlets. The conventional Chinese eat-outs cater to an extensive wide level of choice available with excellent levels of ambience and the rates are affordable when compared to the high quality food being offered. However in comparison to this, fast food outlets such as McDonald's provide less scope to make choices with considerably poor ambience. The rates are less and this goes the same with the food quality as well. The Japanese food on the other hand which is being available is considered to be providing average selection along with average ambience, average rates with comparatively good quality food. The core competencies are the strengths of the brand that facilitate in fulfilling the customer requirements. It has to be kept in mind that the core competencies are subject to change and definitely change in the course of time, based on the requirements of the market and the significant status one desires to have over competitors. (ii) Reputation for best products/services - Providing the superior products or services in the industry or market is essential. The attention has to be on quality that will lend a reputation for expertise in particular arenas. To illustrate, the Chinese-American restaurant shall have to concentrate on providing clients the maximum amount of service which is possible, value, choice and quality."
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Starbucks, 2008.
An analysis of the manner in which the "Starbucks" company and its employees connect with their customers and their respective communities.
1,511 words (approx. 6.0 pages), 3 sources, APA, £ 35.95
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Abstract
The paper discusses the Starbucks company as an example of how to use marketing strategies not only to gain customer loyalty, but also to connect with the local community. The paper highlights the Starbucks' unique set of marketing strategies which has gained success in the coffee industry. Starbucks has achieved the most important elements of advertising in connecting with customers on a very personal level. The paper highlights how with research and targeted marketing methods, the company provides its customers with a quality product that ensures returning customers. The paper confirms that Starbucks is one of the unique companies in terms of unconventional and targeted marketing.
From the Paper
"Another important factor in the company's strategy is its resistance to complacency, conservatism and conceit. The company is never satisfied with the existing status quo, and shows it by continually inventing new brands. They take chances and show innovation. This makes the company and its products exciting for customers. This helps Starbucks to retain an image of the young, exciting company that attempts to break the convention with its strategy and its products. The company does this with a policy of continuous innovation and honesty. Another policy is never to compromise the customer's experience for the sake of profit, as seen above. Not only employees, but also customers are seen as the primary stakeholders in the company and as such are treated well. In this, the company focuses on the little touches that make the customer experience something exceptional. The policy is that small things add up to connect the customer with the company, and this ensures returning customers."
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Starbucks, 2008.
Analyzes the importance of new product development in Starbucks' overall marketing strategy.
1,265 words (approx. 5.1 pages), 3 sources, MLA, £ 30.95
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Abstract
This paper explains the importance of the fear factor in Starbucks' new product development strategy. Not only does Starbucks have a fear of its competitors but also a fear that the company will no longer be regarded as an innovative, market leader with a proactive approach but rather as a company trailing along in a reactive manner. The author points out that sources for new product ideas, which are particularly important to Starbucks, are customer feedback and the internal staff. The paper stresses that the distribution and the way services are promoted are important part of Starbucks' new product development strategy.
From the Paper
"Third of all, a new product development marketing strategy is essential for Starbucks because it is the type of strategy that brings added value to the company. It is one thing to create value based on existing perspectives (obviously limited) and quite another to go to greater length and innovate, produce and promote new product and services and launch them on the market. The probability that the latter strategy will be successful is much higher."
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Monetary Policy of the European Central Bank, 2008.
A thorough look at how the European Central Bank's monetary policy is defined.
10,806 words (approx. 43.2 pages), 28 sources, APA, £ 153.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the monetary policy of the European Central Bank (ECB) and describes how it is optimally transparent and clearly communicated to the public so as to avoid any misunderstandings and avoid any shock effect to the economy due to shifting changes in the interest rates. The paper goes on to explain the primary objective of the ECB monetary policy, its operation framework and its guiding principles. The author has also included several figures to illustrate the points.
Outline:
List of Figures
Abstract
Executive Summary
Introduction
Literature Review
Price Stability
Role of Monetary Policy
ECB Basic Tasks
Current Best Practice: Predictability
Interest Rates
Optimal Monetary Policy Rule
ECB Credibility
Legislative Powers of the ECB
Interest Rate 'Smoothing' Practice of ECB
Communication of Monetary Policy Critically Important
OECD's Recommendations for the ECB (January, 2007)
Bibliography
From the Paper
"According to the European Central Bank the objective of monetary policy is "to maintain price stability" which is set out in the Treaty establishing the European Community. Stated is: "Without prejudice to the objective of price stability" the Eurosystem will also "support the general economic policies in the Community with a view to contributing to the achievement of the objectives of the Community." (ECB, 2007) This is to include a "high level of employment" as well as "sustainable and non-inflationary growth". (ECB, 2007) The provisions of the Treaty illustrate the consensus that: (1) the benefits of price stability are of a substantial nature; and (2) the natural role of the monetary policy in the economy is to maintain price stability. (ECB, 2007; paraphrased)"
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The Effects of Rising Gas Prices, 2008.
This paper examines the real effects of gasoline price fluctuations on the economy.
3,674 words (approx. 14.7 pages), 6 sources, APA, £ 72.95
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Abstract
The paper explores whether the most recent oil price rise is just a temporary spike that will eventually correct itself, or whether it indicates a long-term trend. The paper looks at three factors that can help to predict future trends: options and futures trading, supply and demand and oil speculation and the result of inflationary forces. The paper relates that improvements in technology will lead to more efficient use of our oil reserves which will also be a key determining factor in future oil prices.
Outline:
The Financial Markets and Oil
Supply and Demand
Inflationary Adjustments in Oil Prices
Determining the Best Method for Predicting Oil Prices
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Anyone who has filled up their gas tank lately knows that prices have been on the rise for some time. Fluctuations in gasoline at the pump are a reflection of fluctuations in the price of the raw material from which it is made, crude oil (Federal Reserve, 2004). When oil prices peak the public, sparked by the nightly news, tend to overreact. They fantasize about what the world will be like when everyone stays home because they cannot afford gasoline to go places. The picture that some paint is that of economic ruin and despair. However, in reality, the effect of gasoline is not as dramatic as many would believe. The following will examine the real effects of gasoline price fluctuations on the economy."
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Argot International Technology Solutions, 2008.
This paper discusses the enterprise application integration (EAI) technology as suitable for Argot International.
1,785 words (approx. 7.1 pages), 10 sources, APA, £ 40.95
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Abstract
The paper outlines how Argot International can achieve the monumental task of better managing their resources on a limited budget. The paper relates that the increasing competition from Germany and Japan means that Argot must step up to current standards in order to remain competitive. The paper focuses on how enterprise application integration (EAI) would not only reduce costs by increasing efficiency, but would also increase the brand image of the company. The paper outlines the EAI methodology, discusses the need for dashboards and a web portal and provides recommendations for business integration software. The paper examines the importance of building integration software and the ethical considerations involved in the introduction of new technology. Finally, the paper discusses the benefits and limitations of e-commerce.
Outline:
Recommendations
General Philosophy
Dashboards
Portals
Software Recommendations
Building Relationships with Customers
Ethical Issues
Benefits and Limitations of E-commerce
From the Paper
"Argot International is a 2,000 employee company based in Peoria, Illinois. The company is in the business of manufacturing specialtiy machines for the agricultural and food processing industry. They currently purchase components and materials from an international base of 150 vendors. It purchases specialty tools and complete units from Japan. Argot markets its products primarily through a conglomerate of 70 wholesalers, with some direct sales to clients. Direct sales are accomplished by mailing to a targeted list of 2,000 potential customers. "
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Management and Human Resources, 2008.
An analysis of the Goldberg, Silverman, Weinstein, Kantor and Company Chartered Accountants' management and human resource (HR) issues.
1,171 words (approx. 4.7 pages), 2 sources, APA, £ 28.95
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Abstract
The paper examines the Goldberg, Silverman, Weinstein, Kantor and Company Chartered Accountants and their weaknesses in the areas of management and human resources (HR). The paper discusses the need to transform their group into a team with a leader who is not only well-liked but also achieves management goals. The paper relates that the working conditions for general employees is not good enough and addresses several HR and management issues. The paper looks at the need for performance-based policies, an improvement in conflict management, a focus on diversity and the implementation of training and development programs and succession planning.
Outline:
Analysis: Team or Group
Satisfaction & Dissatisfaction
HR Issues: Performance-based Policies
Conflict Management
Diversity
Training & Succession Planning
From the Paper
"A Cross-Functional Team is formed when people with varied levels of skills, experience, backgrounds or departments are brought together for to accomplish a task as in the case of Stan's team. An important consideration here is the understanding of the difference between the team and the group. All teams are groups but not all groups are teams. A group is the mere assembly of people brought together while team members come together for a common cause and mission. The key difference between a team and a group is performance and not play or camaraderie. It is good that Stan plays around with his team and they all get along well with each other but the main purpose that is performance seems to be missing from the Stan's team."
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Website Personalization and Customization, 2008.
A research proposal analyzing the impact of website personalization and customization on e-commerce transactions.
8,666 words (approx. 34.7 pages), 133 sources, MLA, £ 130.95
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Abstract
This research proposal discusses website personalization and customization and its influence on the segmentation of online markets, specifically in e-commerce transactions. The discussion uses trust as the validation point and it provides a literature review of the topic. The paper proposes and defines a trust-based maturity model as part of its discussion.
Table of Contents:
Synopsis
Literature Review
How the concept of the Trusted Advisor Affects Opt-In Personalization
Defining Shared Values Segmentation As A Foundational Trust Element
Role of Social and Cultural Influences on Values-Based Segmentation
Values-based Segmentation and Personalization Behavior
Trusted Advisors Define Competitive Advantage Through Personalization of Service
Foundation for Personalization's Future: Differentiating and Segmenting on Trust
Trust- and Values-Based Segmentation Strategies and Pricing
Validation of Trust-Based Differentiation
Value Service Architectures and Models and their impact on Personalization: Differentiation through Value Equity
Managing Consumers' Perception of Value and Influencing Behaviors
Putting Trust- and Value-based Differentiation in the Center of Go-To-Market Strategies
Valuing the Customers' Privacy and Intentions in Personalization
Conclusions
Statement of the Problem
Purpose of the Study
Research Model
Research Questions
Hypotheses
Relevance and Significance of the Study
Barriers and Issues of the Study
Methodology
Anticipated Findings
From the Paper
"Most significant will be the validation and further research of both the Personalization Trust Model and Trust-Based Personalization Maturity Models. The correlation to successively higher levels of personalization relative to the increasing level of trust earned by online content providers and e-commerce companies will also be quantified and shown in the context of this study. The quantification of trust made possible by measuring these dynamics of personalization in light of the two models proposed in this dissertation proposal will significantly increase follow-on research throughout the academic and commercial communities, as trust is the most critical yet most elusive differentiator there is."
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Conflict Resolution, 2008.
This paper looks at three articles on conflict resolution in the workplace.
1,833 words (approx. 7.3 pages), 6 sources, APA, £ 41.95
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Abstract
The paper provides a definition of conflict resolution and summarizes three articles concerning conflict resolution in the workplace. The paper looks at "Resolving Workplace Conflict: To Overcome Disagreements and Build a Cohesive Team, a Manager Must Understand What Causes Conflicts" by William Cottinger that explains the causes of workplace conflicts, "Effectively Managing Team Conflict" by Barbara Bulleit that focuses on resolving team conflict and the causes and solutions that managers can employ to resolve such conflicts and finally, "Conflict - An Essential Ingredient for Growth" by Susan Pilgrim that focuses on the idea that conflict can be a catalyst for growth if it is handled correctly. The paper concludes from the research that conflict resolution is almost always necessary as it relates to organizational management.
Outline:
Introduction
Defining Conflict Resolution
Article Summary
Article Summary
Article Summary
Conclusion
From the Paper
"In the workplace, conflict resolution is vitally important because organizations rely upon employees working together to achieve the goals of the organization. However, when conflict arises employees are not able to work together to achieve these goals and the organization can suffer as it relates to profitability, customer service and high turnover rates. For this reason most organizations have some type of conflict resolution strategy. These strategies are designed to avoid conflict from occurring and to resolve it quickly when it does develop. Conflict resolution is viewed as necessary in any organization because individuals always have differing opinions concerning the manner in which the organization is run."
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