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Beijing Opera and Chinese Martial Arts Training, 2006.
An in-depth look at the correlation between two, seemingly different, forms of art, the Beijing Opera and Chinese martial arts.
5,455 words (approx. 21.8 pages), 11 sources, MLA, £ 95.95
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Abstract
This paper looks into the parallels between actor training in the Peking and Beijing Opera and the training for Chinese martial arts. The paper consults historical and present day material in an attempt to make meaning of the training requirements for these two different, yet very closely related, artistic expressions of form, method, technique, and performance. The paper discovers that much more is involved than simply repetitious physical training and indeed that without the alignment of mind and body, the performer simply will not and cannot realize true mastery or excellence of performance.
Outline:
Abstract
Objective
Introduction
Elements of the Beijing Opera
The Importance of Symbolism in the Beijing Opera
The Music of the Beijing Opera
Spoken Dialogue of the Beijing Opera
Use of Color in the Beijing Opera is Symbolic
I. The Beijing/Peking Opera and Training Requirements and Regimen Examined
II. David Wright - Experiential View of Training Requirements for Beijing Opera
III. Chinese Martial Arts Training Examined
Different Classification of Wushu
Ten Fundamental Skills in Chinese Martial Arts
Mental Skills Practice
IV. Examination of Similarities in Martial Arts and Beijing Opera Training
Characteristics of the Beijing Opera - Excess, More is More
V. Findings of this Study of the Similarities Shared by Chinese Martial Arts and Opera Training and Performing Skills
Summary and Conclusion
From the Paper
"Physical training for these performers is "structured around repetition" (Wright, 2000) and "over the course of the workshop a range of key movement patterns were developed and refined in this way." According to Wright: "The movements would be demonstrated, the actors would copy movements and then repeat them..." over and over, and then over again. Wright relates that "Further movements and combinations of movements and developments upon movements would then be introduced. Repetition was used, not simply to get the movement right, the repetition of physical action is regarded in the Peking/Beijing Opera, according to Sussman, as a way of absorbing information. She states that there is a deliberate attempt, in this training, not to engage the actor in thought. The actor needs only to 'learn' the action in order to repeat it. Hence, the principal form of learning is the learning of the body. The body learns, then contains the information that comprises the style and the role and therefore the performance. It is the body that enters most fully into the research. And as the body learns, the body changes as a result of that learning. " (Wright 2000)"
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The Resurgence of the Taliban, 2006.
This paper discusses Afghanistan and the Muslim religion, specifically the resurgence of the Taliban in Afghanistan in recent months.
1,275 words (approx. 5.1 pages), 5 sources, MLA, £ 30.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that one of the reasons for the Taliban's gain in power is that each territory in Afghanistan has its own warlord leader with little cohesion between them. The author points out that many experts believe the Taliban (1) are being trained in terrorist tactics by Iraqi war veterans with whom they have strong ties and (2) have discovered weapons caches of unused weapons left over from previous encounters, particularly shoulder-based rockets. The paper concludes that, if Afghanistan is ever to fully recover from the Taliban regime, it must not only eradicate the remaining Taliban supporters but also must develop a stronger, more democratic and fair government with social policies that ease unemployment and poverty.
From the Paper
"When the Taliban was defeated in 2001, most people thought the troubles in Afghanistan were over. Estimates put Taliban holdouts at less than 1,000, and their organization leadership seemed weak and incompetent. However, the Taliban has grown in force and organization throughout 2005, and there have been many more attacks on foreigners and people who speak out against the Taliban. For example, suicide bombing is becoming an increasingly popular mode of Taliban attack, and they stop at nothing to get their point across."
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Gandhi and India's Independence, 2007.
This paper discusses the life and achievements of Mahatma Gandhi, architect of India's independence.
4,819 words (approx. 19.3 pages), 5 sources, MLA, £ 88.95
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Abstract
The paper explores Gandhi's youth and background. The paper documents the influence of his mother, his educational achievements and his growth in self-awareness. The paper describes his development in South Africa and his use of non-violent political strategies in achieving India's independence from foreign domination. The paper discusses how Gandhi changed the social structure in India and proved to the whole world what great things a life of love and sacrifice could accomplish. The paper portrays how his life was the embodiment of commitment and moral courage and contends that his conviction that passive resistance could be powerful, was proven. The paper concludes that there will never be another Gandhi, but there will always be people who will change the world and make it a better place.
Outline:
Introduction
Gandhi's Youth: His Growth in Self-Awareness
Gandhi's Development in South Africa
India's Independence
Conclusion
From the Paper
"In 1944 Albert Einstein said, "Generations to come, it may be, will scarcely believe that such a one as this ever in flesh and blood walked upon earth." He was talking about Mahatma Gandhi. Gandhi's real name was Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi. His followers called him Mahatma (or Great Soul) as though it were his first name. In India he is also Father of the Nation (Wikipedia, 2006). Because Gandhi was such a complex person, it is difficult to try to capture who he really was."
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ESL Education, 2007.
This paper provides a comparison of language learning anxiety between students of native and non-native ESL teachers in Taiwan.
3,541 words (approx. 14.2 pages), 15 sources, MLA, £ 70.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer discusses what link, if any, exists between student learning anxiety and native versus non-native teachers in the EFL / ESL classroom environment. The study identifies key issues surrounding this question in an attempt to identify what factors contribute to Taiwanese students' increases in language learning anxiety. Further, it investigates these issues with the intention of fleshing out valuable knowledge for future research and educational advancement. The writer concludes that this comparison of language learning anxiety between students of native and non-native ESL teachers in Taiwan intends to seek out what problems exist in the current system. The writer points out that by identifying and examining such problems, administrators can make educated decisions in the recruiting of foreign or native teachers to their ESL / EFL programs.
Table of Contents:
Introduction
Statement of the Problem
Purpose of the Study
Research Questions
Definition of Terms
Limitations of the Study
Summary
References
From the Paper
"Taiwan is experiencing an increase in English learners. As a result, a higher number of English language teachers are necessary. To meet this need, many foreign teachers specializing in ESL / EFL have flocked to Taiwan to teach classrooms full of English learners. For a variety of reasons, most of these English learners experience an Americanized version of English language training. Lou and Chism relay this Americanized English learning with the inability of young Taiwanese students to make associations between their own culture and experiences and English. This Americanized learning is in part due to the use of American written and published EFL textbooks. Yet, in classrooms where English is taught by a foreign ESL / EFL teacher, it is difficult to know whether the textbooks or the foreign teachers create difficulty in establishing successful language connections."
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Theravada Buddhism, 2007.
A comparison of Theravada Buddhism with Zen and Mahayana Buddhism.
1,743 words (approx. 7.0 pages), 5 sources, MLA, £ 40.95
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Abstract
This paper reviews the precepts and philosophies put forward by those interpreting Theravada Buddhism and discusses why it has become the popular form of Buddhism practiced by Westerners. It then compares Theravada Buddhism with Zen and Mahayana Buddhism (and Shin Buddhism, a form of Mahayana), discussing how they relate differently to the precepts of Buddhism.
From the Paper
"And in fact, monks in America in Theravadan communities now do shake hands with women, and there is innovation and change on the way, Numrich writes. And in some cases, monks are married and living normal lives, because as Numrich points out on page 151, monasticism "is irrelevant to the practice of Buddhism" in America.
"The fact of normal family life for monks is certainly a good reason for Americans practicing Buddhism to heartily relate to the faith, in particular, given the widespread sexual molestation scandals that have rocked the Roman Catholic Church in America over the past few years. If celibacy appears to create carnal desires that result in little boys being sexually abused by clerics, then certainly a more normal life for monks would seem to be advisable, as Theravada Buddhism takes hold in the West."
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Chinese Immigration to America, 2007.
A presentation of an interview with a Chinese-American woman, Eileen Lui.
1,651 words (approx. 6.6 pages), 0 sources, £ 38.95
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Abstract
This paper presents an interview with a Chinese-American woman, Eileen Liu, who immigrated to America as a youth. The paper begins by describing Eileen's childhood in Taipei and then discusses the events surrounding her family's immigration to the United States. The interviewer presents some of her reactions to Eileen's story as a Chinese-American herself.
Table of Contents:
Life History of Eileen Liu
Eileen's Point of View
From the Paper
"As a mother and working woman, Eileen does not currently appear to have specifically high goals or ambitions. Basically she has obtained most of her youthful ambitions: a college degree, a job that pays well, material comforts such as a car and a house, and a family life with her husband and children. At the moment her focus is very much on her family and home life, and I get the feeling that her professional ambitions suffer a bit as a result. When her children grow up, however, she should be able to cultivate a more ambitious professional life. Right now the greatest of her ambitions seem to be on providing her children with all the material comforts and educational opportunities that money makes possible. Eileen herself substantiates this with her assertion that she is a typical mother with high expectations of her children. This is reminiscent of her original culture - the elders expect children to do their bidding and meet their expectations. Furthermore, Eileen does not feel that stress is a bad thing for children. In fact, this element helps them to always finish things on time. In this way, she applies her own lessons of childhood to raising her own children. She has achieved the level of professionalism and family in her life, because there were certain pressures upon her. Eileen therefore feels that a fair amount of such pressure on her own children would inspire them and help them to become self-disciplined, as she had been."
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TQM Programs, 2007.
This paper provides an investigation of the significant factors of Total Quality Management (TQM) programs.
1,215 words (approx. 4.9 pages), 11 sources, MLA, £ 29.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer points out that despite growing interest in TQM programs among Asian companies and organizations, relatively little research has focused on the advantages and disadvantages TQM programs may have in Asia. The writer notes that this research paper helps to fill the gap in literature that currently exists, by examining the potential impacts TQM will have on businesses in Asia, with special concentration on Hong Kong companies. The writer provides an analysis of the significant factors impacting TQM in companies. The researcher gathers information from previous studies by analyzing research related to TQM dated from 1992 to the present and combines this information from field research data gathered using a questionnaire/interview methodology.
Outline:
Introduction
Aim
Objectives
Literature Review
Methodology
Results
Conclusion
From the Paper
"During the last two decades business in the international marketplace has become increasingly competitive, requiring that managers find new ways of providing optimal customer service and remaining profitable within their industries. Organizations attempting to gain competitive advantages are adopting new programs including Total Quality Management programs to help improve the quality of goods and services they are offering customers, and to help promote their influence within the global marketplace. Increasingly countries including Hong Kong and China are taking an active interest in TQM programs as a means of promoting change and improvements within the organization."
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Career Development Among Chinese Women, 2007.
An analysis of the relationship between culture and occupation among Chinese women working in the banking industry in New Zealand.
20,420 words (approx. 81.7 pages), 22 sources, APA, £ 178.95
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Abstract
This study attempts to investigate career development among Chinese women in the banking sector in New Zealand. It discusses career, not only in terms of the relationship between the organization and occupation, but it also looks beyond to factors such as family and religion. The paper then discusses how culture and religion influence an individual in the way they dress and eat as well as many other customs.
Table of Contents:
Abstract
Chapter 1
Introduction
Chapter 2 - Women and Career Development
Career Theories
Career Planning
Differences Between Men & Women In Career Development
Barriers for Women
Career Development For Non-White Women
Chapter 3 - Minority Women in Careers
African-American Women as Minority
Remuneration Issues for Minority Women
Bi-culturalism
Family and Education Issues
Immigrants in Workforce
Chapter 4 - Chinese Women
Chinese Women In History
First Generation Chinese
Second Generation Chinese
Chinese in New Zealand - Current Situation
Chapter 5 - Banking Industry
Climate in the Banking Industry
Barriers for Women
Current Situation for Women in Banking
Chapter 6 - New Zealand Labor Market
Employment in New Zealand
The Effects of Immigrants
Women in the Labor Force
Other Issues
Chapter 7 - Methodology
Qualitative Research
Face To Face Interview
Participants
Sampling
Reason For Choice Of Method
Advantages and Limitations
Data Analysis
Chapter 8 - Findings
Education
The Predicaments Of Chinese Women In The Banking Industry In New Zealand
Glass Ceiling for Chinese Women
Negative Social Stereotyping
Issues In Future Career Development
Chapter 9 - Conclusion
From the Paper
"The changes in the immigration policy of New Zealand are serving as tools to increase the country's human capital which is necessary for the nation's economic growth and development (Trlin & Henderson, 2000). However, with the increase in New Zealand's number of participants in the labour market, issues regarding the immigration policies have surfaced. Among the problems that trigger issues on immigration policy are the apparent rate of unemployment among the nation's locals as well as the unemployment of some migrants."
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Nepal, 2007.
An analysis of the culture and society in Nepal, using a communication perspective.
1,538 words (approx. 6.2 pages), 4 sources, MLA, £ 35.95
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Abstract
This paper looks into the culture and societies of the country of Nepal. It analyzes the country's cultural and social environment, attempting to lead to an understanding of its basic characteristics, such as geography, demographics and the socio-economic and political structures that it is comprised of. The paper focuses briefly on communication in Nepal and the Nepali language.
From the Paper
"However, within the Nepalese culture, some groups are also trying to dismantle the discrimination that is the caste system. In a recent study by Liechty (2005), the majority middle class individuals in Nepalese society are gradually trying to re-identify themselves based on their role and productivity in the society, rather than being identified as a member of a particular class or caste. This protest supports the notion of low power distance, in which the only superiority-inferiority dichotomy exists between individuals who provide/produce or do not provide/produce significantly for the society. Thus, one's worth is assessed based on his/her use to the society, not on the tradition of the caste system (i.e., those who were born Brahmin should remain Brahmin despite his/her insignificant contribution to the improvement of Nepalese society)."
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Business Decisions, 2007.
This paper compares and contrasts the American and Japanese styles of decision-making in business.
3,764 words (approx. 15.1 pages), 5 sources, MLA, £ 73.95
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Abstract
The paper considers cultural differences in the Japanese and Western styles of business decision-making and addresses the issue of whether it is useful to integrate such widely differing paradigms. The paper explains the Japanese system of business decision-making known as Ringi, which means decision-making by consensus. The paper contrasts this to the United States' pioneering spirit and individualistic emphasis which is the basis of American business decision-making. The paper contends that both the Western and Ringi decision-making systems have advantages. The paper precision and detail-oriented approach of the Ringi system could be integrated by Western companies in order to avoid making rash and potentially costly mistakes and by partnering with the West, Japanese companies could profit from a paradigm of innovation.
From the Paper
"The Japanese system of business decision-making is known as Ringi, which means decision-making by consensus (Ala & Cordeiro, 1999). This system is based upon the evolution of Japanese culture. The evolution of the Japanese household serves as a model and basis for this business practice. Traditionally, all the decision-making power lay with the head of the household. This autocratic system was also used for business practices. However, with the increasing complexity of Japanese businesses, delegation and sub-management became increasingly important. The welfare of the group began to be seen as taking precedence over the concerns of the individual."
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China, 2006.
A review of China's global status in relation to the United States of America.
1,356 words (approx. 5.4 pages), 6 sources, MLA, £ 32.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses how due to the many political, economic and military problems facing China at the moment, China poses no real threat of displacing the United States as the world's greatest power. The paper then goes on to discuss the opinion of some, that disagrees with the idea that China is no threat.
From the Paper
"Of even more concern than the Chinese economy or their political systems could be the "three nation debate." China has a "one China" mentality that the United States and its citizens have no difficulty in understanding, but they also empathize with the citizens of Taiwan, Hong Kong and Tibet who protest against such a policy as being part of mainland China. Most important to the United States is to probably support each of these areas economically but not militarily.
This policy does lend itself to questioning in regards to Taiwan, since the US has already stated that it would do more than support that country economically if China were to attack there. So far, that situation has not reared its ugly head, and improved communications between China and the US should keep it from doing so. "
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China: The Burgeoning Superpower?, 2007.
This paper examines whether China's strength poses a threat to the United States.
2,534 words (approx. 10.1 pages), 26 sources, MLA, £ 54.95
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Abstract
The paper discusses the beliefs that in the post-Cold War era, China has emerged as a serious threat to the United States. While some consider China a threat because of its economic success, there are others who feel that China's cultural mindset might cause problems for societies that it finds inferior to its culture. The paper contends, however, that to view China as a threat simply because its economy is growing or its military strength is increasing reveals nothing but America's deep insecurities. The paper explains that containment may be a safer option than encouragement or an open arms policy, but it will have a negative impact on US-China relations. The paper highlights the importance of avoiding an unwanted war.
From the Paper
"China has always been a fascinating subject of study for the United States and debates over whether it should be dealt with clenched fists or open arms have now engulfed the political circles in the country. What is the better way of dealing with China that is seen by many as the new strategic threat? Is containment better than engagement? (1) Scholars and politicians alike are wondering about what China's new reality is and where exactly is it headed. David M. Lampton, former president of the National Committee on U.S.-China Relations, expressed his dissatisfaction with different prevailing images of China in the US and said that "it is time to step back and look at where China is today, where it might be going, and what consequences that direction will hold for the rest of the world.""
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The Real Samurai--"Musui's Story", 2007.
This paper reviews "Musui's Story" by Katsu Kochiki, an autobiography of a samurai who lived during a time of peace.
941 words (approx. 3.8 pages), 2 sources, APA, £ 23.95
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Abstract
This paper examines the autobiography of a samurai entitled "Musai's Story." Because Musai describes himself so honestly in his autobiography, the paper's author finds him to be a likeable character, despite his flaws. These flaws include theft and cheating. The paper also describes the original role of the samurai and how it often degenerated.
From the Paper
"In early feudal Japan, war played critical role in shaping the nation's social landscape. "Warring clans controlled much of the country...the struggle for control of that land eventually gave rise to the samurai." ("The Samurai, 2006) The samurai were a class of Japanese warriors who lived by a code known as bushido, or the way of the warrior. "The essence of the samurai code of bushido was total loyalty to the feudal lord; a willingness to give their lives in the defense of their lord, his honor, and their own; a strict regimen of martial training; and a sternly refined etiquette that governed their actions and behavior in all things...Part of the code of the samurai was to commit suicide rather than be captured in war or dishonored by failure." ("The Samurai, 2006) However, like so many ideals, this code of ethics was seldom realized perfectly at any time in Japanese history. ("The Samurai, 2006)"
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Economic Contact between China and The United States, 2007.
This is a study exploring American and Chinese business relationships.
3,868 words (approx. 15.5 pages), 2 sources, MLA, £ 75.95
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Abstract
This study shows the differences between ethics, culture, family history, and other factors that influence successful managers and profitable business managers. It includes a comparison of Chinese and American management, which looks at techniques at home and abroad, how managers are chosen for their positions, how they rise within the organization and what identifiable differences there are between management in private enterprise and state run organizations.
From the Paper
"We should also look at information we may be able to acquire concerning companies involved in joint ventures. This information can usually be found on the we sites of the US partner and in their in house literature which is distributed to share-holders, prospective investors and to trade publications for public relations. Certain targets emerge for study in this area: companies involved in finance, oil production, manufactured goods and other business areas where the low cost of Chinese labor or the high efficiency of US firms has been deemed beneficial to one of the two countries. A company which fits into this category would be National Oilwell, which has joint ventures with several Chinese companies and takes advantage of the low cost of labor while providing the competence of highly trained and experienced engineers, plus well machined parts which cannot currently be obtained in China."
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