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The "Heart Sutra", 2007.
A description of the "Heart Sutra," a 2001 Korean work of art by the artist Yoon Kwang-cho.
1,075 words (approx. 4.3 pages), 0 sources, £ 21.95
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Abstract
The paper describes how to the naked eye of the casual observer in a museum, the work looks like a rough, oblong stone with an unfinished granite-like texture. The paper portrays the overall effect upon the viewer as one of curiosity, rather than awe or power, given that the observer cannot gain full access to the meaning or even the placing of the work. The paper shows how the slab with the sutra ultimately poses more questions than answers, due to its incomplete nature. The paper suggests that this sense of unfinished texture of the stone and the word's meaning is perhaps the most powerful effect of the work.
From the Paper
"To a Western eye, this slab looks almost like a Rosetta Stone, or an ancient artifact from long past that is supposed to encompass the words from another time or place and memorialize these words in a kind of sculpture. The stone appears ripped or extracted from something larger than the displayed artifact, as if it is an ancient bit torn from a ruin, rather than a complete and holistic work or vision of an artist. The form of the sculpture, a recreation of an archeological work, suggests that the artist wished to suggest that the work was, in some sense, ripped from the past, either figuratively or literally."
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"Two Kinds", 2007.
An analysis of the short story, "Two Kinds", by Amy Tan.
1,108 words (approx. 4.4 pages), 0 sources, £ 22.95
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Abstract
The paper analyzes how Amy Tan directly addresses a power struggle between a mother and a daughter. The paper examines how the mother's sad story of her emigration from China under adverse conditions makes it clear that the mother has no control over her tragic past. Instead, she has high hopes for the future. The paper further examines how the intractable and resistant daughter's battle with the overbearing and desperate mother shows the levels and complexities of their relationship and reveals a universal truth.
From the Paper
"The lack of control over their pasts makes both women zealous to have a future that is different. Unfortunately, their zeal for the future is not shared, or not shared in the same way, by their daughters. Their controlling behavior alienates their daughters and causes competition between the mothers, too. Such hope for the future is so impossible that it is destined to fail. The perspective of a daughter looking back on a childhood event is imbued with regret, and the narrator says, "I never found a way to ask her why she had hoped for something so large that failure was inevitable.""
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AIDS and Southern Asia, 2006.
A discussion regarding what the governments of southern Asian countries are doing about the growing AIDS crisis.
1,958 words (approx. 7.8 pages), 10 sources, APA, £ 36.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses how, with the HIV/AIDS crisis in southern Asia reaching the breaking point, governments in this region need to do more to fight against this deadly disease which is spreading rapidly. According to the paper, more action especially needs to be taken to protect vulnerable women and children in the form of providing more access to education and treatment for HIV/AIDS.
From the Paper
"Women comprise a very substantial percentage of those infected with HIV/AIDS in India. "Currently 39% of HIV-positive Indians are women" (Morris, p. 1). One reasons for the escalating risk to women and children of contracting the AIDS virus in countries such as India, where it is overpopulated, there is limited access to good jobs, and a large number of people are in poverty, is that a substantial number of women are employed as sex workers. Fighting India's AIDS Apathy discusses the fact that thousands of women working in the sex industry in India have lost their lives to AIDS and the message is just now starting to get out that these women need to protect themselves. Because these women are at high risk of AIDS, they often pass it along to their male clients who in turn pass it to their wives and families."
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Weather in Japanese History, 2007.
An analysis of Japan's "divine winds" and how they related to the Mongol invasions.
1,398 words (approx. 5.6 pages), 6 sources, MLA, £ 27.95
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Abstract
This paper provides an overview of the attempted invasions of the Mongols into the island of Japan in the 13th century. The paper discusses how the weather affected the outcomes of the invasions and the interpretation of the intervention of the weather by the Japanese. The paper also discusses how the use of "kamikazes" by the Japanese in World War II was based on their belief that this tactic could provide the same type of divine intervention that helped them defeat the Mongol armada in 1274 and 1281.
From the Paper
"The research showed that when the Japanese resorted to "kamikaze" attacks in the closing days of World War II, it was based on their belief that this tactic could provide the same type of divine intervention that helped them defeat the Mongol armada in 1274 and 1281. One of the more interesting issues to emerge from the research was the fact that 13th century Japanese did not regard these events as being the result of a deity using the typhoons as a tool to defeat the Mongols, but rather that the winds themselves were a deity and worthy of being worshipped. The impact of these events have left a highly influential legacy on the Japanese mentality, it would seem, and when people believe that the gods are on their side, anything is possible if not achievable. From this perspective, it is not so hard to understand why so many Japanese pilots volunteered for these suicide missions after all."
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"Picturing Japaneseness", 2007.
A review of Chapter 7 of Darrell William Davis' "Picturing Japaneseness: Monumental Style, National Identity, Japanese Film".
1,009 words (approx. 4.0 pages), 0 sources, £ 20.95
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Abstract
This paper looks at how in Chapter 7 of Darrell William Davis' "Picturing Japaneseness: Monumental Style, National Identity, Japanese Film", Davis analyzes the film "The Abe Clan" (1938) in terms of its complex portrayal of ritual suicide.
From the Paper
"The film can be read to show how historical appropriation can be used as a tool of propaganda of the state. The film is not primarily interesting for its accuracy in its depiction of feudal Japan. Rather, the potency of the film for viewers of the 1930s was its ability to move the audience believe in a myth, what Davis calls a canonized view of feudal Japanese ethics. The surface reading of the film is a romanticized, simplistic and beautiful vision that celebrates the virtues of the hierarchical family system and the worship of a daimyo that functions as a stand-in for the Japanese figure of the Emperor, for whom ordinary Japanese soldiers and civilians would later, in wartime propaganda, be encouraged to die for. "
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Women in Indian History, 2006.
A review of the portrayal of women in India's myths, legends and epics as strong and independent characters.
5,935 words (approx. 23.7 pages), 24 sources, MLA, £ 83.95
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Abstract
This paper takes a look at the role that women have played in India and Indian history. According to the paper, recent studies that examined role portrayals of Indian women in magazine ads found that they are stereotypically portrayed as dependent upon men. The paper discusses how despite the stereotype that women in India were totally passive to their fate, there are many examples of women throughout India's history that present Indian women as strong and independent.
Outline:
Powerful Hindu Goddesses
Ganga and her Decent From Heaven
Durga's Victory over Mahisa
Kali- Victory over Raktabija
The Indian Epics
Mahabharata and Draupadi
The Vedic Period
Indian Women in Politics
Nur Jehan
From the Paper
"Throughout Sita's speech in Book II, Chapter 27, we find an outspoken and independent Sita directly defying her husband's wishes as she insists on keeping her wifely vows, even though it will mean her banishment as well and possible death as well. She could have taken the choice offered by her husband and stayed with his brother in safety and out of harm's way. However, her insistence on keeping her vowels, even if it meant putting our life in danger, is an unparalleled act of bravery. She refuses to be seduced when held captive and eventually takes her own life after being continually rejected. This is not the act of a weak woman. The fact that she could speak so outright against are husband also shows her status as an equal rather than a subordinate. "
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Japan, 2006.
This paper discusses the people, economy, religion and government of Japan especially its democratic political structure.
1,880 words (approx. 7.5 pages), 4 sources, APA, £ 35.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that, until the nation's defeat in WWII, residents of Japan lived under the absolute rule of an emperor as the head of the government with members of the royal monarchy in-charge of the various governmental and societal functions. The author points out that, after the nation's defeat in WWII, U.S. General Douglas MacArthur helped reorganize the governmental structure into a constitutional democracy with the emperor as a figurehead. The paper indicates that some Japanese traditions, such as keiretsu and guaranteed lifetime employment, are being eroded as Japan becomes more westernized. The paper includes many long quotations.
Table of Contents
Introduction
History
Becoming a Democracy
Comparing Japan to the USA
Conclusion
From the Paper
"One of the differences between Japan and the United States is the percentage of national budget that is dedicated to military defense operations. While the United States has a relatively high contribution of its national budget that goes to the military defense fund, Japan dedicates approximately one percent of its GPD to the same cause. Instead, it has focused its funding on advancing its technology knowledge which put it at the head of the pack for several decades in designing and selling products that are technology based. "
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Thailand's Currency Crisis, 2007.
This paper examines Thailand's currency crisis in light of its background, the reasons behind the crisis, and its immediate effect and aftermath.
3,091 words (approx. 12.4 pages), 7 sources, MLA, £ 53.95
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Abstract
This paper looks at the currency crisis in Thailand, which started in the summer of 1997 and rapidly engulfed a number of East Asian "Tiger economies" in a major financial crisis. This crisis became a an interesting case study for economists who were interested in analyzing the pros and cons of globalization and laissez faire market economies. The author further examines the effects of the East Asian currency crisis, on Thailand itself, which underwent a painful re-adjustment of its economy.
Outline:
Background
The Danger Signals
Foreign Exchange Reserves
Current Accounts Deficit
Excessive Credit Expansion
Why Did the Growth Slow Down?
The Housing and Real Estate Bubble
The Stock Market Bubble
The Crisis
The Aftermath of the Crisis for Thailand
Conclusion
From the Paper
"The country took a number of measures to attract foreign capital during the 1980 and early 1990s. These included lifting of restrictions on foreign investments, elimination of most barriers on foreign ownership of export oriented industries, granting of tax incentives to foreign mutual funds and investments in the stock market, creation of closed-end mutual funds, and reduction of taxes on dividends remitted abroad (Antczak 40-41). These measures along with a pegged exchange rate policy (i.e., the Thai currency baht was pegged to the dollar and its value rose and fell with dollar's value), and the large differential in interest rates provided comfort to foreign investors who came to Thailand in droves. "
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China's Economy, 2007.
This paper is a literature review of the development of the economy of China.
3,950 words (approx. 15.8 pages), 7 sources, MLA, £ 63.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that Chiang Kai-Shek believed that the imperialism and colonialism of the "Unequal Treaties" with Britain, Japan, the U.S. and Russia were a major reason for China's inability to develop any kind of an economy during the early part of the 20th Century. The author points out that, since the 1980s, China has been encouraging foreign investment by using "special economic zones" for foreign business, joining the World Trade Organization (WTO) and opening foreign competition with Chinese manufacturers especially in the retail petroleum sector. The paper concludes that the RAND Corporation's study of China's economy stresses that a major risk to the continued rapid growth of China's economy is the fragility of its financial system and state-owned businesses.
Table of Contents
Review of China's Recent Economic Past
Chiang Kai-Shek
Introduction to Today's China and the Chinese Economy
Sectors of the Chinese Economy That Are Expected to Grow in the Future
Manufacturing
Manufacturing (Electronics)
Manufacturing (Automobiles)
Energy (Oil)
Future Forecast for China's Petroleum Industry
Future Forecast for China Petroleum Development
Energy (Natural Gas)
Proposed Pipeline
Energy (Coal)
Future Forecast
Energy (Electricity)
Environmental Price in the Energy Sector
Clean-Up China's air pollution,
Financial (Foreign Transactions in China)
Financial (Banking)
Challenges Facing the Chinese Economic Outlook
Fragility of the Financial System and State-Owned Businesses
From the Paper
"China is the world's most populous nation and the "second largest energy consumer" in the world, right after the United States, according to the Energy Information Administration (EIA) of the U.S. Department of Energy. China's dominant fuel at the present time is coal; China produces more coal - and consumes more coal - than any country on the planet. China also has recently passed Japan as the second-biggest consumer of petroleum, and China is a huge player in oil markets."
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Korean Funerals, 2006.
This paper describes Korean funeral rites, which reflect the tremendous importance of the family.
880 words (approx. 3.5 pages), 3 sources, MLA, £ 18.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that Confucian funeral tradition in Korea is complex and requires many stages as well as the participation of several degrees of the extended family. The author points out that the deceased, who becomes an ancestor-god at the moment of death, is honored for the next several years with several 'chesa' ceremonies or family ceremonies used to honor ancestor-gods. The paper relates that, often today, Koreans live in large cities where a truck is used to transport the body instead of a hand-carried platform or bier accompanied by chanting bearers.
From the Paper
"Burial usually takes place on the third day. The family mourners dress in special tan clothes made of hemp. The oldest son is the chief mourner, and he demonstrates his grief openly, crying out. Other family members join in the open displays of grief. Friends of the family express their sympathies and offer money to help pay for the funeral. They join the family for meals and to help make all the funeral arrangements. So, while the family has great responsibilities toward the new ancestral god, the funeral is a community affair."
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Acupuncture, 2007.
An examination of the target groups and benefits of acupuncture.
1,335 words (approx. 5.3 pages), 5 sources, MLA, £ 26.95
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Abstract
This paper examines the practice of acupuncture. It analyzes the history of the practice, dating it back to 1000 B.C.E. and follows its development up until today. The paper then explores the target group for acupuncture and discusses some of the evidence supporting its success in treatment. The paper ends with recommendations for people suffering from pain, as well as certain disorders of the nervous system, who have not found relief from traditional medicine.
Table of Contents:
Historical Background
Target Group and Provider of Acupuncture
Acknowledgement of Research Activities
Acupuncture and the Audience
The Best Source
Financial Aspects of Acupuncture
Recommendations
From the Paper
"Despite all of this information, acupuncture is still considered as a "pseudo-science" by many contemporary Western doctors and physicians, yet many people who have undergone acupuncture treatment have reported remarkable recoveries. For the general audience, being those who receive acupuncture, current information supports the idea that acupuncture "relieves many types of chronic pain, the nausea associated with chemotherapy, and alters the functions of the immune system for the better" ("Acupuncture Illustrated," 1994, 56). As to the nursing profession, since acupuncture is not considered as a viable means of treatment by many doctors, most nurses would probably be very reluctant to attempt acupuncture on a patient, yet according to I.L Bonta, many nurses, out of curiosity and the encouragement of their friends and relatives who have undergone acupuncture, "tend to be far more open than the medical authorities when it comes to taking a course in acupuncture from a certified acupuncturist" (2002, 223). Thus, nurses could most probably assist their patients much better if they were to take to heart the information available on acupuncture and use it to their patient's advantage."
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Acupuncture, 2007.
An examination of the target groups and benefits of acupuncture.
1,335 words (approx. 5.3 pages), 5 sources, MLA, £ 26.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
This paper examines the practice of acupuncture. It analyzes the history of the practice, dating it back to 1000 B.C.E. and follows its development up until today. The paper then discusses who the target group is for acupuncture and discusses some of the evidence supporting its success in treatment. The paper ends with recommendations for people suffering from pain, as well as certain disorders of the nervous system, who have not found relief from traditional medicine.
Table of Contents:
Historical Background
Target Group and Provider of Acupuncture
Acknowledgement of Research Activities
Acupuncture and the Audience
The Best Source
Financial Aspects of Acupuncture
Recommendations
From the Paper
"Despite all of this information, acupuncture is still considered as a "pseudo-science" by many contemporary Western doctors and physicians, yet many people who have undergone acupuncture treatment have reported remarkable recoveries. For the general audience, being those who receive acupuncture, current information supports the idea that acupuncture "relieves many types of chronic pain, the nausea associated with chemotherapy, and alters the functions of the immune system for the better" ("Acupuncture Illustrated," 1994, 56). As to the nursing profession, since acupuncture is not considered as a viable means of treatment by many doctors, most nurses would probably be very reluctant to attempt acupuncture on a patient, yet according to I.L Bonta, many nurses, out of curiosity and the encouragement of their friends and relatives who have undergone acupuncture, "tend to be far more open than the medical authorities when it comes to taking a course in acupuncture from a certified acupuncturist" (2002, 223). Thus, nurses could most probably assist their patients much better if they were to take to heart the information available on acupuncture and use it to their patient's advantage."
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Religion and Myth, 2007.
A discussion on myths, legends and folk tales in Eastern religions.
3,047 words (approx. 12.2 pages), 7 sources, MLA, £ 52.95
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Abstract
The paper examines how myths, legends, and folk tales have been a main force in nearly all religious doctrines throughout history, including those of Eastern religions such as Sikhism, Buddhism, Shinto, and others. The paper discusses how these stories, often passed down through the generations, both verbally and in written doctrines, serve to help practitioners cope with the complex world in which they live. This paper focuses on how these types of stories affect the lives of followers, and how those followers use the lessons within these myths to teach others about their values and religious practices.
From the Paper
"Hindu myths also teach the values of society, which allow the followers to understand how and why their teachings operate within their world. For example, the myth of Mrigari, a non-violent hero, focuses on the relationship between non-violent actions and concepts of Hinduism such as reincarnation and positive karma. In Hindu societies, actions are to be viewed through consciousness, rather than through the physical world (Narayan, 1989). By combining the myth of Mrigari, who is changed in life through his spiritual teacher, with the concepts of the myth, such as the transformation from a violent individual to that of an extreme peacekeeper, the myth serves to explain how non-violent actions can lead the follower of Hinduism to compassion and empathy."
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"M. Butterfly", 2007.
A discussion on the exotic, feminine Orient in the Western imagination, as depicted in David Henry Hwang's drama "M. Butterfly".
1,228 words (approx. 4.9 pages), 5 sources, MLA, £ 24.95
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Abstract
The paper discusses how "M. Butterfly" is a play about the power of stereotypes to do harm, both to the person and the culture they are inflicted against, and also against the people who hold such stereotypes. The paper describes how, at the end of the play, Gallimard is destroyed because he realizes his life was based upon a lie, just as China was harmed by the lies and exploitation of Western colonialism. The paper examines how the conflict of gender, national, and identity issues are dramatically depicted in David Hwang's "M. Butterfly," when the French diplomat Rene Gallimard falls in love with a feminine image of the East, in the persona of the actress Song Liling.
From the Paper
"Gallimard has a psychological as well as a national and gender based need to see Song as feminine. Thus, the gender disguises of the play do not merely invert stereotypes of male and female, Asian and West. They also destroy the security of Gallimard's own identity as a strong, male Westerner with power. Song Liling is not only a man. Song uses Gallimard's own cultural stereotypes to exploit the Frenchman. Gallimard begins the play thinking he is the Western, White man taking advantage of the virginal 'Oriental' maiden. But like the opera's "Madam Butterfly," Gallimard ends the play abandoned, disgraced, cut off from his countrymen and finally suicidal. Thus Gallimard's own secure identity as a powerful man has been so undercut, he cannot live with himself, because he no longer knows who he is as a person."
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