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Architecture and the Christian Church, 2001.
A look at the evolution of the structure of the Christian church over the centuries and the many architecture styles and features it has encorporated over its lifetime.
1,149 words (approx. 4.6 pages), 2 sources, APA, £ 28.95
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Abstract
This paper follows the architectural progression of the Christian church from its earliest beginnings and examines how between the sixth century and the thirteenth centuries in Europe, there wre many advances and changes in the methodology of church building. In particular, the paper shows how Hagia Sophia from the Early Christian Period, Ste.-Foy from the Romanesque Period and St.-Denis from the Gothic Period can be compared and contrasted in the progression of the Christian design.
From the Paper
"Five hundred years later, between 1050 and 1120, Church building entered the Romanesque style of architecture. The church of Ste.-Foy in Conques is a perfect example of this style. Constructed as a pilgrimage church, it is rather small but has a large transept. Having to deal with a large traffic flow, the biggest innovation of the Romanesque design was the radiating chapel scheme. Unlike Hagia Sophia, which contained an apse under each semi dome, Ste.-Foy had an apse from which a series of three chapels radiated. Flanking the apse on either side are two more, slightly larger chapels, for a total of five. This use of an ambulatory allowed for maximum traffic flow."
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Pantheon, 1995.
Discusses this Ancient Roman domed temple's purpose, construction, structure, materials and statuary.
1,575 words (approx. 6.3 pages), 5 sources, £ 39.95
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From the Paper
"The Pantheon in Rome is the most complete surviving building of ancient Rome. Since the Renaissance the great dome and its huge interior space have made an indelible impression on anyone who saw it and the structure became one of the most influential buildings in history. The dome of the Pantheon, or Rotunda as it is also called, covers a span that was never surpassed by more than a few feet until the use of steel and reinforced concrete much such expanses routine. The scope of the architect's achievement was impressive by Roman standards and remained just as impressive for many centuries. There is some debate over the precise function of the great temple. But the building was clearly the culmination of a new interest in architecture as contained space rather than as external structure. This volumetric approach was to determine the course of Roman ..."
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Frank Lloyd Wright and Japanese Architecture, 1995.
Traces the Japanese influence on theories, methods and works of this American architect.
1,800 words (approx. 7.2 pages), 8 sources, £ 45.95
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From the Paper
"Throughout his life Frank Lloyd Wright (1869-1959) denied that Japanese architecture had any influence on his own work. He did, however, allow that Japanese prints had exerted an important influence on him. Curiously, Wright has often been taken at his word on this subject, even though there is a great deal of evidence that shows he was, for whatever reason, creating a personal legend in which his creativity owed very little to one of its major sources. The visual evidence of the work itself, scholarly digging into possible influences, and even the nature of the Japanese prints that were admitted to be an influence all demonstrate that Wright was protesting too much. Japanese architecture, whether it was seen in photographs, in person, in the prints, or even seen through the eyes of a mentor, was a major influence on Wright's creation of his theory of organic ..."
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Architecture and Computers, 1995.
Examines the impact of technology on architectural design and construction, examples, advantages, imaging, training and the future.
3,825 words (approx. 15.3 pages), 9 sources, £ 96.95
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From the Paper
"Architectural traditionalism, with its emphasis on handwork, drawing and precise modeling, has been slow to turn to computers. But now that the rush has begun, computer visualization is opening new areas for design, community integration and an emerging architectural role in cyberspace's electronic world. In the studio and on the building site, firms of all sizes are finding that ability to use the right computer software has become indispensable for gaining clients and making practices easier to run. A look at the field presents many examples.
With its rounded curves, jagged edges and multiplicity of upthrust geometric shapes, the model for the Walt Disney Concert Hall's addition to the Los Angeles Music Center looks more like a city in the clouds than a complex whose distorted geometric shapes have been plotted on a computer screen. Conceived as an ..."
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Public Housing Projects, 1995.
This paper is a research proposal to determine bases for location decisions for public housing projects: Opposition from the rich, well-being of tenants or economics.
2,025 words (approx. 8.1 pages), 11 sources, £ 50.95
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From the Paper
"The location of public housing projects is a contentious issue in the United States. Advocates for the economically disadvantaged contend that society would be better served if affordable public housing was located out of the inner cities and in more affluent neighborhoods. Critics of policies affecting the location of public housing projects frequently charge that inner city locations are selected because of strong opposition from the residents of more affluent neighborhoods. Defenders of inner city locations for public housing contend that ... "
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Le Corbusier's "The City of Tomorrow and its Planning", 1995.
This paper assesses Le Corbusier, architect and author's attitudes and biases toward urban architecture in his book .
1,350 words (approx. 5.4 pages), 1 source, £ 33.95
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From the Paper
"The purpose of this research is to examine Le Corbusier's views in The City of To-Morrow and Its Planning. The plan of the research will be to discuss Le Corbusier's attitudes and biases regarding such issues as the appropriate means and concepts employed in the well-conceived creation and construction of buildings and other facilities in urban centers, with a view toward evaluating their content and significance.
Le Corbusier's principal focus in The City of To-Morrow and Its Planning is on the necessity for the urban architecture of the twentieth century to behave functionally and logically, in line with the fact that in the current period the machine and industry are decisively triumphant and that they reflect man's passion for order and manageability in an otherwise chaotic world. Additionally, Le Corbusier conceives of an urban ... "
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History of American and Californian Architecture from 1860 to 1915, 1994.
An examination of theories and applications, examples and architects (focuses on Bernard Maybeck), styles, influences and schools (focuses on the Arts and Crafts movement in California).
7,425 words (approx. 29.7 pages), 21 sources, £ 96.95
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From the Paper
"American Architectural History, 1860.1915
In the late nineteenth century, many artists and architects in America were influenced by the ideas of transcendentalism. These ideas, as contained in the writings of Henry David Thoreau, Ralph Waldo Emerson and Walt Whitman, were based on a belief in individualism and self.reliance. Transcendentalism called for a return to nature, and it urged its followers to adopt a simple and honest way of living. This return to simplicity and human values was seen as being a reaction to the problems of rapid industrialization. Regarding architecture, the philosopher Ralph Waldo Emerson felt that buildings should be expressive of nature and natural forms (Burchard and Bush.Brown, 1966, p. 59). In this way, he rejected the classical approach to architecture, which strove for standardized proportions in building design."
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Memphis Design Studio in Milan, Italy, 1994.
The life and architectural style and influence of the founder Ettore Sottsass, including leading figures, ideology and criticism of.
3,150 words (approx. 12.6 pages), 6 sources, £ 79.95
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From the Paper
"Introduction
The Memphis design studio in Milan was started in 1979. As with many European design studios and movements, the Memphis design group appeared to have a greater tolerance for abstract design than did American groups of the time, but in fact the European groups generally looked to American style of the 1950s for inspiration.. Ettore Sottsass was the leading figure of the Memphis design group, and much of what he embodied in that group derived from his earlier experiences as a designer. The ideas he implemented in the design group were ambitious and adventurous. The designs produced were highly successful, but for Sottsass this success was itself only a beginning. While the public clamored for more, he was already looking to the next mode of expression. The Memphis design group had a considerable..."
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Ford O'Niell, 1994.
Reviews the life & work of architect O'Neill Ford, whose total design & vernacular style did not give him an international reputation, but who nonetheless has had a major impact on American architecture.
900 words (approx. 3.6 pages), 3 sources, £ 22.95
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From the Paper
"Architect O'Neil Ford lived from 1905 through 1982, and is considered one of the best known architects in the nation. He created designs in a vernacular style, and because they lacked a certain cutting-edge innovation, they did not give him the international reputation achieved by others. However, his unpretentious style and desire to achieve the best total design gave him a following and a good reputation in America.
Ford was born in Pink Hill, Texas. He studied at the North Texas State University in Denton, then worked as a draftsman for David Williams in Dallas. He entered into private practice in 1934 and worked with a series of partners within the state of Texas from 1936. His principal building materials have been bricks, glass, wood, and stone, and most of his designs were governed by the climatic conditions in the area. Preservation would.."
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Cathedrals in French Middle Ages, 1994.
Examines Romanesque & Gothic religious architecture (styles, techniques, materials, themes) as expressions of Roman Catholic beliefs in monotheistic God & role of humans in universe.
3,375 words (approx. 13.5 pages), 14 sources, £ 85.95
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From the Paper
"The word "cathedral" comes from the Latin root "cathedra," literally, a bishop's throne (King 105-107). The Middle Ages in France, particularly the latter days of the medieval era, were virtually rife with cathedrals and religious architecture. This was the era of the Roman Catholic Church, a time when God was with mankind everywhere; when king and peasant alike acknowledged the religious authority of the Pope (albeit sometimes grudgingly); when "the history of the world is the history of the Lord extended through the lengthy annals of human life" (Focillon, Gothic 75). Miracles, angels and saints were a literal part of a medieval Frenchman's worldview. So were demons, devils, Apocalypse and Last Judgement. The cathedral, the bishop's "throne," in its art and architecture was the "encyclopedia in stone" of that worldview (Mirsky 140). More.."
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Im Pei & National Gallery, 1994.
Role of this architect in creating the east wing of Washington, D.C. art gallery. Discusses the history of the gallery, selection of Pei, style, design and criticism.
4,050 words (approx. 16.2 pages), 33 sources, £ 96.95
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From the Paper
" The purpose of this research is to examine the east wing of the National Gallery in Washington, D.C., designed by architect I.M. Pei in the late 1970s. The plan of the research will be to set forth a description of the life and career of Pei and of the National Gallery itself, and then to discuss reasons for the new addition, how the commission to design the east wing of the structure came about, and details of the project itself, from an architectural standpoint. As well, reference will be made to the relationship between the "container," or structure, and the "contents," or works of art that it houses.
To discuss a principal work of Ieoh Ming Pei, usually referred to as I.M. Pei, it is useful to place that work in the context of life. Pei was born into a financier's family in 1917 in Canton, China, and stayed in the United States from 1935.."
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Charles W Moore & Klotz House, 1994.
Style, design & theory of postmodernist American architect in construction of a private Rhode Island home.
1,350 words (approx. 5.4 pages), 9 sources, £ 33.95
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From the Paper
"This paper is a study of a house designed by one of the leading postmodernist architects in America, Charles W. Moore. Moore established his reputation with striking and fanciful designs that both blend his constructions into the landscape and separate them out in astonishing ways. His designs for the Sea Ranch condominium remain among the most interesting uses of space and structure, but his conception for a single-family dwelling best personifies Moore's contributions to the direction of American architecture in the latter half of the 20th century. With the Klotz House, designed and built between 1967 and 1970 in Westerley, Rhode Island, Moore offered his own distinctively arresting answers to some of modern architecture's most intriguing questions. The Klotz House stands as a fascinating example of late 1960s postmodernist architectural thinking, yet.."
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Charles Rennie Mackintosh, 1993.
Life & career of early 20th Cent. Scottish architect.
1,800 words (approx. 7.2 pages), 4 sources, £ 45.95
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From the Paper
" Charles Rennie Mackintosh
Charles Rennie Mackintosh was the second son in a family of eleven children. His father was William Mackintosh, a superintendent of police in the city of Glasgow. The elder Mackintosh loved to garden, and Charles was greatly influenced by the presence of flowers in his environment. He acquired a profound regard for growing, living things which endured throughout his life and found expression in much of his artistic work (Howarth 2).
Charles decided at a young age that he wanted to be an architect. His father attempted to dissuade him, but Charles' strong personality prevailed. The Mackintosh household took numerous family holidays, and during these adventuresome trips.."
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Mosque of Baybars, 1993.
A look at the 13th Cent. royal building in Egypt. Examined in terms of the site, material, features, impact on history and role of sultan Baybars. Includes illustrations.
1,350 words (approx. 5.4 pages), 5 sources, £ 33.95
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From the Paper
" The Great Mosque of Baybars
The mosque of Baybars is the earliest remaining royal mosque of the Mamluks near Cairo, Egypt. It is situated outside the gates of Fatimid city, which was a suburb of Cairo. This mosque was commissioned by Baybars I, the fourth Mamluk sultan of the Bahrid dynasty. It is the purpose of this paper to describe the building and to place the structure and its creation within a historical context.
Baybars is said to have been born in 1233, one of a group of Turk slaves who were purchased by a sultan, Malik Salih. He became active in military conquests and gained the throne in 1260, apparently after murdering at least two political figures who were obstacles to his ambition.. He reigned for seventeen.."
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