Abstract
This paper takes a comprehensive look at alcoholism, starting with the telltale signs of a problem drinker, the physical and mental effects of alcohol, alcohol's effects on society, the causes of alcoholism, as well as treatment and prevention.

From the Paper
"When a person is intoxicated, he tends to do things he would not do under normal circumstances. He may harm himself or those around him, drive recklessly, and embarrass himself by saying and/or doing foolish things. There are signs that distinguish the differences between problem drinking and alcoholism, and although there is no exact pattern, some of the basic symptoms of advanced alcoholism are: drinking daily, a high tolerance for liquor, drinking alone, drinking in the morning, withdrawal symptoms upon quitting, "blackouts" or loss of memory, loss of social ties, and guilt about drinking. The person becomes completely dependent on alcohol, physically and emotionally, and the substance controls every aspect of his life (Berger 11). Some secondary signs, or problem drinker signs include: problems related to or while drinking such as quarreling with a loved one or DUI, a failed attempt at quitting, hording extra drinks at a party or keeping an eye on the supply, and lying about usage."

Tags:drugs, alcohol, binge, drinking, health, drunk, DUI, Alcoholics, Anonymous

From the Paper
"THC has a range of physiological and psychological effects on the body. Typically, it produces a mild euphoric intoxication, a sense of well-being, alterations in sense of space and time. Quite likely, THC reduces anxiety and relaxes your tension while it intensifies your sense of sound, touch ,or taste, which often stimulates your appetite. It is suspected that THC has something to do with the Lateral Hypothalamus that control the appetite. For this reason, marijuana is employed as an appetite stimulant for patients with serious illnesses such as AIDS or terminal cancer who need to eat in order to survive. In addition, marijuana is also medically beneficial for pain relief, control of nausea and the treatment of asthma and glaucoma."

Tags:drugs, addictive, brain, cannabis, dopamine, fatty, hemp, metabolism, pot, receptor, reward, smoking, system, thc

Abstract
This paper explains how binge drinking adversely affects students in many different aspects such as schoolwork, health, and safety.

From the Paper
" To most people, binge drinking is a self-destructive, uncontrolled, drinking session that last for at least a couple of days. This leads the heavily intoxicated drinker to "drops out" by not working, ignoring responsibilities, and engaging in harmful behaviors such as fighting and unsafe sex. The editor of the Journal of Studies on Alcohol emphasizes, that "binge" describes the extended period of time during which time a person repeatedly becomes intoxicated and gives up his or her usual activities and obligations in order to become intoxicated. Binge drinking is most common on college campuses, where nearly half of all college students "binge" drink."

Tags:binge, drinking, alcohol, suicide, disease, college, university, teenagers, abstinence, campus, sexual, fraternity, student, sorority, problems, drunk, driving, academic

Abstract
Many factors have been linked to domestic violence, including family modeling, culture and substance abuse. This paper provides an overview of several of these factors. It shows how alcohol and substance abuse are directly linked to spousal and child abuse and how this problem is carried to the next generation. The paper also examines the social learning theory which contends that boys who witnessed violence towards their mothers by their fathers are more likely to beat their own partners. Finally, the paper looks at the link between ethnic groups and domestic violence.

From the Paper
"One of the factors that has often been cited as leading to a propensity toward domestic violence as an adult is being the victim of violence as a child. The research on this seems to be ambiguous, however, with some studies showing a clear association and other studies indicated limited support for that theory. For example, Simons et al. (1995) explored four different sets of data in a study of Midwestern families and found only limited support for the idea that children who were subject to severe physical discipline were likely to be violent toward their spouses and children. On the other hand, Doumas et al. (1994) found association between both early child abuse and witnessing marital aggression and later adult domestic violence."

Tags:disinhibition, physical, discipline, Hispanic

Abstract
This paper examines the pros and cons of lowering the legal drinking age from 21 to 18. The author looks at several issues including the issue of binge drinking, and the amount of alcohol consumed among 18 to 21 year old. The author points out the absurdity by showing that at 18 you can get married, vote, be drafted, assume debt and even buy a gun, but in many states, you cannot drink. The political debate over lowering the drinking age is also examined.

From the Paper
"The problems associated with driving and drinking have not decreased due to raising the legal drinking age to 21 years old.Among the "binge" drinkers (those consuming over five drinks at one sitting at least once a week), eighteen percent of students over age 21 classify themselves as heavy drinkers compared to twenty-two percent of those under 21 years of age (Engs 1b). So even though drunk driving problems have decreased over the last two decades, there has been an increase in lower grades, missing classes, getting into fights and vomiting after drinking (Engs 1b). Society's approach to controlling underage drinking is not working and is in fact counterproductive(Engs)."

Tags:drinking, age, federal, funds, wisconsin, alcohol, consumption, legal, beer, age, laws, marriage, voting, debt, military

Abstract
This paper discusses the case of Deacon Blue, a twenty two year old male from Belfast who has been found in possession of drugs. The paper discusses his situation and the mitigating circumstances from both his past and present life that should affect the sentence he is given. The paper presents a pre-sentence report and offers possible alternatives to a prison term, particularly a custodial sentence.

Table of Contents:
Introduction
The Offender In His Or Her Life Setting
Offence Analysis
Risk Of Harm To Public And Likelihood And Re-Offending
Conclusion

From the Paper
"Having assessed Deacons history, circumstances and offences I propose that a custodial sentence is unsuitable in this case. Indeed, it is likely that such a sentence would produce more negative connotations and positive ones. At the moment Deacon seems to be committed to his family and helping himself out of the current malaise. The imposition of a prison sentence would go a long way to destroying the prospects of both. In this instance, a community sentence would be more appropriate along with a clear and definitive warning that any future infractions would result in a prison term. Furthermore, as Deacon has responded well to anti drug education in the past, I would recommend that such avenues be pursued to a greater extent. It is difficult to see what logical benefit could be derived from incarceration, whether for Deacon, his family or the wider community."

Tags:cannabis, drugs, community, offender

Abstract
The essay begins with a concise definition of drugs. It then proceeds to detail the emotional and behavioral effects of both cannabis and cocaine, charting the physiological, behavioral, and cognitive effects in reference to research in the area. The essay also examines the social consequences of the drugs, the addiction process, and resulting psychological damage.

From the Paper
"A drug is defined by the World Health Organisation (WHO) as "any chemical entity or mixture of entities other than those required for the maintenance of normal health (like food), the administration of which alters biological function and possibly structure" (1981, p227, cited in Maisto, Galizio, and Connors, 1999). The definition provided therefore covers drugs such as caffeine and alcohol as well as medicinal drugs such as antidepressants and ant psychotics. This essay, however will focus on the behavioral effects of recreational drugs, particularly that of cannabis and cocaine."

Tags:addiction, cognitive, come, consequences, depressant, down, intoxication, recreational, social, stimulant, tolerance, withdrawal

Abstract
This paper reviews several factors that help to modify individual's substance-use pattern including the physical reinforcement value of the drugs being abused, the social reinforcement value, cultural rules that govern recreational chemical use and the individuals life goals. The author points out that the medical or disease model of addiction plays an important role in the treatment of substance abuse. The paper relates that most recently, drawing on medicine's growing understanding of human genetics, scientists have attempted to identify the genetic basis for alcoholism and the other forms of drug addiction.

Table of Contents:
Factors That Influence Recreational Drug Use
The Process of Becoming a Drug Abuser
Biological/Physiological Theories of Substance Abuse
The Medical Model of Drug Addiction
The Biological Differences Theories
The Physical Reward Potential
Sociological/Cultural Theories of Substance Abuse
The Social Learning Components of Drug Use
Cultural/Social Influences on Chemical Use Patterns
Relationship between Different Social Groups and the Parent Culture
Social Feedback Mechanisms and Drug Use
Personality/ Individual Theories of Substance Abuse
Individual Expectations as a Component of Drug Use
Individuals' Life Goals as Helping to Shape Chemical Use
The Chemical Use of Decision-Making Process
The Personality Predisposition Theories of Substance Abuse
Ego State and Drug of Choice
Conclusion

From the Paper
"In support of the psychoanalytic model of addictions, an impressive body of evidence suggests that certain personality traits do seem to predispose the individual to specific forms of drug abuse. When forces conspired to limit the amount and quality of heroin available in Australia's capital territory, heroin addicts did not appear to switch their drug of choice in large numbers, suggesting that the particular drug played a specific role in their lives that could not be fulfilled by other chemicals. ... found that heroin-dependent people demonstrated higher scores for the traits of novelty-seeking and self-directedness on the Cloninger TCI personality test than did alcohol-dependent people..."

Tags:recreational, scores, withdrawal, alcoholism, medical

Abstract
This paper is a research study to answer three questions to improve knowledge within the physiological and psychological fields of sport science. The first and second questions studied are the effect of anabolic steroids on an athlete's performance and aggression personality measure. The third research question aims to find out if older athletes (aged 35-45 years) experience higher anxiety than younger athletes.
Outline
Abstract
Introduction
Method
Results
Research Question One
Research Question Two
Research Question Three
Discussion
Conclusion

From the Paper
"There is debate as to whether older people are really at lower risk for depressive disorders, or whether endorsement of symptoms is low. A study by Christensen et al, (1999) assessed the effects of age on anxiety and depression, and examined whether age had direct effects on self-report of individual symptoms independent of its effect on the underlying dimensions of anxiety and depression. Structural equation modelling was used to assess the structure of the items and their associations with age and a number of demographic variables. They sampled 2622 participants aged between 18 and 79 years. Results found that both scales were found to fit satisfactorily to a two factor model. Items with direct age effects reflected physical (feeling slowed down; waking early) and psychological (hopeless about the future) components of depression."

Tags:depression, sport, science, testerone

Abstract
The paper is a brilliant example of qualitative research. It uses the grounded theory approach and thus can serve as a good template for anyone attempting such research. It includes all the Appendices, which cover the transcription, coding, data recoding, and group coding with full explanations. It is mainly concerned with the binge drinking phenomenon among male students and provides plenty of references to further your own research.

From the Paper
"In recent years media and press have devoted much time to exposing the increasing problem of binge drinking within the population, especially among university and college students. (For the purpose of this study the Jones's definition of binge drinking as having four or more drinks in a row will be used (2003)). The aim has been to increase public awareness of the fact that it is a problem within society, through in-depth reports, Panorama specials and visual aids of intoxicated individuals. I feel, however, that it is of great interest to investigate why so many students do drink in excess despite being constantly warned of the dangers involved. It is important to dwell deeper and attempt to understand the meanings associated with binge drinking from the students themselves. As Jones (2003) pointed out: "the main way in which psychology can contribute is an understanding of the context in which most UK students' consumption takes place, and how this interacts with behavior"."

Tags:grounded, psychology, sociology, theory