Abstract
This paper discusses five factors that are believed to be significant in the occurrence and prevention of juvenile delinquency. It explores the ways in which the family, community, law enforcement, probation and courts can utilize the information to improve the juvenile justice system. Finally, the paper gives recommendations for future improvements to the juvenile justice system.

Table of Contents:
Abstract
Family
Education
Environment
Social Status
Religion
Law Enforcement
Courts
Probation
Conclusion

From the Paper
"With the recent influx of juvenile crime, especially serious crimes, the juvenile justice system has taken a lot of criticisms as to its mission and effectiveness. Society as a whole is becoming more interested which prompts law makers and law enforcers to take a harder look at the current system. During this paper, we are going to discuss five concepts that we believe to be the most significant social facts in the occurrence and/or prevention of juvenile delinquency. Those five concepts are family, education, environment, social status, and religion. Finally, we are going to discuss ways that we believe may help reduce juvenile delinquency in the future."

Tags:criminal, enforcement, delinquency, probation

Abstract
This paper looks at studies which discuss whether the order of child's birth (first born, second born, etc) influences their personality and future. It compares how different children function according to their birth order and whether there are similarities in these. Psychological examinations are also performed and examined.

From the Paper
"In previous years there have been quite a bit of research conducted on the subject of birth order and personality. However research on this matter has declined in at least the last 10 to 20 years. In all regards, it is the common perception that people who are first-born have the strongest disposition and have leadership tendencies. Research also tends to point out that children who are first-born usually have greater achievements in their professional careers. By the same token, these students are also more likely to have more mental disturbances than their younger siblings ( Nyman). There are conflicting results as to the popularity factor concerning the first born. Some researchers content that the first-born are generally more popular, thus more out-going. While others contend that the first-born are less popular and perhaps more stand-offish (Nyman)."

Tags:sibling, rival, pressure, leader, follower, birth, order

Abstract
A persuasive speech essay on why it is important to tell your loved one you love them every time before they go to bed or before you leave them, because you never know if it will be the last time you see them alive. The paper uses the tragic events of September 11th to reiterate the importance of this act.

From the Paper
"September 11th changed all of us. Although we've endured numerous tragedies during the last few years, such as school shootings and the Oklahoma bombing, watching the events of last September unfold before our eyes on television hit our hearts like never before. We listened to family members of victims as they told their stories of loss. And again and again we heard how their loved ones trapped in the World Trade Towers or on the fatal flights that crashed in Pennsylvania and into the Pentagon had called them on office phones or cell phones to say "I love you" one last time. And again and again we heard about the comfort it brought to them."

Tags:romantic, relationship, Oklahoma, bombing, World, Trade, Towers

Abstract
This paper discusses the Florida ban on gay adoption, as well as other legal and ethical aspects of same sex parenting. The paper explores the question of whether children brought up by gay parents are at a disadvantage in any way and uses professional research to back up the findings.

From the Paper
"Despite the number of laws passed or the numerous movies or television shows that support gay rights, the negative conations associated with same-sex parent adoption continue to taint both attitudes and laws. Society is still laden with negative biases against homosexual adoption, and against gays in general (Johnson, et al., 1995) which severely limits their rights as people and as parents."

Tags:donnell, homosexual, rosie, lesbian, American, Academy, of, Pediatrics

Abstract
Analysis of book based on therapy sessions of a fictitious family (a composite of real cases). Napier gives an account of these sessions together with his family therapy theory and practice. The therapeutic process. Therapy construction used. Basic patterns and problems of clients. Contends book presents an excellent example of the therapist's reasoning and practice.

From the Paper
""The Family Crucible" (1988) is Augustus Napier's artfully written account of the course of therapy undertaken by the Brice family and conducted by the author and his former teacher Carl Whitaker. With the narrative flair of a novelist Napier immediately gets the reader caught up in the problems of the fictionalized family; a composite consisting of one main case history supplemented by details and incidents from the cases of other families that Napier and Whitaker had helped. In a number of chapters the account of the Brice's sessions is supplemented by general discussions of the theory and practice of family therapy. Other cases are briefly introduced as examples but, for the most part, Napier uses aspects of the Brices' therapy to illustrate his points. These discussions are designed to address issues that may have arisen for the reader in the preceding..."

Abstract
The writer of the paper describes the unexpected death of her father and the effect it had on her. The writer begins by describing the day when she was told of her father's death and her reaction to the news. The paper then describes the reaction of the writer's grandmother to the death and how that reaction prompted the writer to move in with her grandmother to care for her.

From the Paper
"I found out later my mum had gone down to visit him quickly before coming home, she found him lying on the couch. After a post-mortem took place we found it he had died as his arteries to his heart were blocked, stopping the blood flowing to his heart. My Gran in particularly was devastated, her world was ripped apart. My Gran hadn't had a good life, my great grandfather died a slow and painful death after suffering a long battle with cancer, my great Gran shortly after died too. Her brother Robert died when he was 10 and her other brother Billy had passed away the previous year after he too also lost his life battling with cancer. Through all those tough times my papa had stood by her and helped her through what she seen as a black tunnel with no ending. My Gran a few months previous had got a new job after being made redundant in her previous job where she worked in a bakery for more than 10 years. She embarked on a new career path at a much later age in the field of Care and was appointed a job as a Home Support Worker, it was a job she was very proud of, although this meant she spent up to four days solid away from home working and then was back home for three days before going back to work for four. When she heard this news she assumed it was her fault, that she wasn't there with him and this was all down to her working away allot from home."

Tags:death, papa, mother, gran, heart, stepfather, funeral, teenager, mum, cry, sick, daze, disbelief, tears, cancer, upset, funeral, spirit, memories

Abstract
This paper provides a case study of Charlie, an eleven year old boy living in a household that is currently having difficulties dealing with the arrival of Charlie's younger brother Ben and how, in order to cope with this, uses self-harm and aggression towards others. It discusses how he shows signs of attachment and anxiety issues which are on-going problems at home and how he is likely to be experiencing problems relating to peers. Through different assessment theories, it shows how Charlie's behaviour is directly correlated to parental marital discord and increased anxiety state.

From the Paper
"The role of attachment in childhood emotional development is imperative, as the bond of attachment in infants and their mother or primary care giver, is often said to lay the foundations for all later relationships. Infants want to be near their mothers, and when distressed, they are comforted by their mothers face, voice and touch.
It used to be widely believed that the love for the mother was a direct consequence of the fact that she provided the means to satisfy basic needs, she provided food, warmth, physical protection and relief from pain. The most influential version of this approach was probably that of Sigmund Freud, who believed that infants felt fear at their mother's absence as they believed they would go unfed."

Tags:attachment, relationships, parents, anxiety

Abstract
This paper explores the nature of the relationship between a mother and daughter when the mother in the relationship lost her own mother during childhood or adolescence. The paper hypothesizes that a woman who lacked maternal attachment in her youth will try to make up for this lack by over-zealous mothering later in life. The paper also aims to test whether fathers make themselves emotionally available to their daughters in the period after loss. If they do not, it is possible that they fail to heal or treat the wound created by the lack of maternal attachment so that the women has this cross to bear when becoming a mother herself.

From the Paper
"The premier theoretical standpoint on loss has been provided by the writing of John Bowlby (1969). His thesis, though groundbreaking, was simple and stark; the loss of parental care and affection has a tremendous impact on the emotional and personal development of children. Writing in the 1950s, Bowlby provided the theoretical background for a greater concentration in offering opportunity and social justice for those children brought up in difficult environments. Indeed, he was called upon to advise the world Health organisation. He was keen to stress not just the simple sense of misery created by the lack of maternal affection, but also the "grave and far reaching effects on character" (Bowlby, 1969, 72) which would ensue. He, and later Fonagy (2002), built upon a notion of Freud's (1963), which will be dealt with in more depth under attachment; the concept of a trauma event and its link to neuroses. "

Tags:psychology, freud, bolby, loss, parenting

Abstract
This paper takes you step by step through the child protection procedure, examining the various legislation the social worker would be expected to know and use when working with vulnerable children. The paper also examines the processes the social worker has to go through in determining whether the children are children in need and therefore in need of support or if they are children at risk where possible removal of the children would be considered.

From the Paper
"Both children and their parents are known to social services as both Stephen and Stephanie have been accommodated into the foster care system on several previous occasions due to their parent's long standing drug dependence, which has remained unchanged. At this point in my enquiries it would be imperative of me to attain any previous reading material that had been composed in relation to this families case in order to establish background knowledge regarding their history within the system, what contacts they have had and if they are currently receiving any support from social services or other agencies whom I may have to confer with to aid my enquiries.
"

Tags:Legislation, risk, care

Abstract
Through the examination of a case study of a pregnant teenager, this paper discusses the legal and ethical dilemmas that may arise in the provision of maternity services. It explores the issue of consent and the midwife's sphere of practice.

From the Paper
Rule 6 of the Midwives rules and standards says ' A midwife: Should respect the woman's right to refuse any advice given' (NMC 2004, p17). Sue chose not to go ahead with having blood tests at the time of the booking appointment. She made this decision based on all theinformation the midwife gave her. This information was explained fully, in language that she could understand and was reinforced with the written leaflets we provided. These explained the proposed tests and the implications of not having these for both herself and the fetus. Her parents felt that she should have had all the screening offered at this time and that this was in both her best interests and those of the fetus. However she recognised that she had choice. She could choose to consent or to refuse and she exercised that choice. "

Tags:fetus, consent, services